RabbitMQ 安装及服务化
一、RabbitMQ运行需要的基础环境，Erlang安装
1.从官网（http://erlang.org/download/）下载安装包，示例版本：otp_src_21.3.tar.gz
2.解压otp_src_21.3.tar.gz
tar -zvxf opt_src_21.3.tar.gz
3.配置
./configure
或者
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/erlang
4.编译
make install
或
make && make install
5.环境变量配置
vi /etc/profile
在文件末尾加一行
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/erlang/bin
保存文件并退出：
Esc
:wq
执行指令，使文件生效
source /etc/profile
6.验证安装是否成功
[root@localhost ~]# erl
Erlang/OTP 21 [erts-10.3] [source] [64-bit] [smp:4:4] [ds:4:4:10] [async-threads:1] [hipe]
Eshell V10.3 (abort with ^G)
1> exit
1> quit
1> halt()
1> halt().
* 2: syntax error before: quit
1> halt()。
* 1: illegal character
1> halt().
[root@localhost ~]# erl
Erlang/OTP 21 [erts-10.3] [source] [64-bit] [smp:4:4] [ds:4:4:10] [async-threads:1] [hipe]
Eshell V10.3 (abort with ^G)
1> ssl:versions().
[{ssl_app,"9.2"},
{supported,['tlsv1.2','tlsv1.1',tlsv1]},
{supported_dtls,['dtlsv1.2',dtlsv1]},
{available,['tlsv1.2','tlsv1.1',tlsv1,sslv3]},
{available_dtls,['dtlsv1.2',dtlsv1]}]
2> halt().
[root@localhost ~]#
至此，Erlang安装成功。
注意：Erlang运行还需要以下基础环境
yum -y install make gcc gcc-c++ kernel-devel m4 ncurses-devel openssl-devel
二、RabbitMQ安装
1.从官网（https://www.rabbitmq.com/releases/rabbitmq-server/v3.6.15/）下载安装包，示例版本：rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.7.10.tar.xz
2.解压rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.7.10.tar.xz
xz -d rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.7.10.tar.xz
tar -xvf rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.7.10.tar
或者
tar xvjf rabbitmq-server-generic-unix-3.7.10..tar.xz
3.配置环境变量
vi /etc/profile
在文件末尾添加一行：
#set rabbitmq enviroment
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/rabbitmq_server-3.6.15/sbin
Esc
:wq
4.启动RabbitMQ
[root@localhost rabbitmq_server-3.7.10]# ./sbin/rabbitmq-server
## ##
## ## RabbitMQ 3.7.10. Copyright (C) 2007-2018 Pivotal Software, Inc.
########## Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/
###### ##
########## Logs: /home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log
/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost_upgrade.log
Starting broker...
completed with 5 plugins.
5.启动RabbitMQ管理后台
[root@localhost rabbitmq_server-3.7.10]# ./sbin/rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
Enabling plugins on node rabbit@localhost:
rabbitmq_management
The following plugins have been configured:
rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange
rabbitmq_management
rabbitmq_management_agent
rabbitmq_mqtt
rabbitmq_web_dispatch
Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@localhost...
Plugin configuration unchanged.
[root@localhost rabbitmq_server-3.7.10]#
6.后台启动rabbitmq
[root@localhost rabbitmq_server-3.7.10]# ./sbin/rabbitmq-server -detach
## ##
## ## RabbitMQ 3.7.10. Copyright (C) 2007-2018 Pivotal Software, Inc.
########## Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/
###### ##
########## Logs: /home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log
/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost_upgrade.log
Starting broker...
completed with 5 plugins.
7.访问管理后台
http://127.0.0.1:15672/
至此，RabbitMQ安装完成。但是需要注意的是RabbitMQ默认账号密码为guest/guest，只能本机访问。所以需要创建一个远程访问的用户，并设置管理员权限。具体如下：
添加用户:
rabbitmqctl add_user test test
添加权限：
rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p "/" test ".*" ".*" ".*"
修改用户角色：
rabbitmqctl set_user_tags test administrator
三、RabbitMQ常用命令行
1.启动方式
rabbitmq-server -detached 后台启动
rabbitmq-server 直接启动
2.服务管理
rabbitmq-service install 安装服务
rabbitmq-service start 开始服务
rabbitmq-service stop 停止服务
rabbitmq-service enable 使服务有效
rabbitmq-service disable 使服务无效
rabbitmq-service help 帮助
3.关闭
rabbitmqctl stop
4.rabbitmq管理插件启用
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management 启用后台管理插件可视化界面
rabbitmq-plugins disable rabbitmq_management 关闭后台管理插件可视化界面
5.查看服务状态
rabbitmqctl status
[root@localhost rabbitmq_server-3.7.10]# ./sbin/rabbitmqctl status
Status of node rabbit@localhost ...
[{pid,3800},
{running_applications,
[{rabbitmq_management,"RabbitMQ Management Console","3.7.10"},
{rabbitmq_management_agent,"RabbitMQ Management Agent","3.7.10"},
{rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange,"RabbitMQ Delayed Message Exchange",
"3.8.0"},
{rabbitmq_web_dispatch,"RabbitMQ Web Dispatcher","3.7.10"},
{rabbitmq_mqtt,"RabbitMQ MQTT Adapter","3.7.10"},
{rabbit,"RabbitMQ","3.7.10"},
{os_mon,"CPO CXC 138 46","2.4.7"},
{amqp_client,"RabbitMQ AMQP Client","3.7.10"},
{rabbit_common,
"Modules shared by rabbitmq-server and rabbitmq-erlang-client",
"3.7.10"},
{xmerl,"XML parser","1.3.19"},
{cowboy,"Small, fast, modern HTTP server.","2.6.1"},
{ranch,"Socket acceptor pool for TCP protocols.","1.7.1"},
{ssl,"Erlang/OTP SSL application","9.2"},
{public_key,"Public key infrastructure","1.6.5"},
{asn1,"The Erlang ASN1 compiler version 5.0.8","5.0.8"},
{mnesia,"MNESIA CXC 138 12","4.15.6"},
{jsx,"a streaming, evented json parsing toolkit","2.9.0"},
{cowlib,"Support library for manipulating Web protocols.","2.7.0"},
{crypto,"CRYPTO","4.4.1"},
{inets,"INETS CXC 138 49","7.0.6"},
{recon,"Diagnostic tools for production use","2.3.6"},
{lager,"Erlang logging framework","3.6.5"},
{goldrush,"Erlang event stream processor","0.1.9"},
{compiler,"ERTS CXC 138 10","7.3.2"},
{syntax_tools,"Syntax tools","2.1.7"},
{sasl,"SASL CXC 138 11","3.3"},
{stdlib,"ERTS CXC 138 10","3.8"},
{kernel,"ERTS CXC 138 10","6.3"}]},
{os,{unix,linux}},
{erlang_version,
"Erlang/OTP 21 [erts-10.3] [source] [64-bit] [smp:4:4] [ds:4:4:10] [async-threads:64] [hipe]\n"},
{memory,
[{connection_readers,42644},
{connection_writers,1452},
{connection_channels,5076},
{connection_other,74756},
{queue_procs,881148},
{queue_slave_procs,0},
{plugins,1720784},
{other_proc,22698808},
{metrics,237748},
{mgmt_db,259672},
{mnesia,130264},
{other_ets,2980584},
{binary,153832},
{msg_index,62944},
{code,23731442},
{atom,1172689},
{other_system,11885549},
{allocated_unused,12399008},
{reserved_unallocated,446464},
{strategy,rss},
{total,[{erlang,66039392},{rss,78884864},{allocated,78438400}]}]},
{alarms,[]},
{listeners,
[{clustering,25672,"::"},
{amqp,5672,"::"},
{mqtt,1883,"::"},
{http,15672,"::"}]},
{vm_memory_calculation_strategy,rss},
{vm_memory_high_watermark,0.4},
{vm_memory_limit,11712584089},
{disk_free_limit,50000000},
{disk_free,927859998720},
{file_descriptors,
[{total_limit,924},{total_used,12},{sockets_limit,829},{sockets_used,0}]},
{processes,[{limit,1048576},{used,449}]},
{run_queue,1},
{uptime,1540},
{kernel,{net_ticktime,60}}]
[root@localhost rabbitmq_server-3.7.10]#
四、常见问题总结
问题一：启动rabbitMQ报错，具体如下
./rabbitmq-server: line 80: erl: command not found
原因：Erlang和RabbitMQ环境变量没有配置
问题二：启动rabbitMQ报错
Error description : noproc
原因：rabbitmq与erlang版本不一致，前往rabbitMQ官网查找应下载版本
问题三：本地访问成功，其他主机访问失败
原因：rabbitmq的管理端口15672，防火墙端口未开放
解决过程：
1. 检查防火墙是否启用
systemctl status firewalld
2. 检查端口15672是否开放
firewall-cmd --query-port=15672/tcp
3. 开放15672端口
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=80/tcp
4. 重启防火墙
firewall-cmd --reload
5. 查看端口15672是否开放
firewall-cmd --query-port=8080/tcp
问题四：
原因：系统默认的HOME是/root,可能造成erlang语言环境获取不到HOME参数。
查看一个erl进程：ps aux | grep beam
可以看出-home参数实在启动的时候加载进去的，启动一个erl实例。
解决：
问题五：
原因：erlang环境加载不到
解决：在rabbitmq-server文件中加入
ERLANG_HOME=/usr/local/lib/erlang/erts-10.3/bin
PATH=$PATH:$ERLANG_HOME
问题六：
原因：erlang环境加载不到
解决：在rabbitmqctl文件中加入
ERLANG_HOME=/usr/local/lib/erlang/erts-10.3/bin
PATH=$PATH:$ERLANG_HOME
五、系统服务
方式一、service服务
1.创建自动启动脚本
vi /etc/init.d/rabbitmq
#
# chkconfig: 2345 90 10
# description: start the RabbitMQ
#
#脚本名称
prog=rabbitmq
export HOME=/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/sbin
#RabbitMQ安装目录
RABBITMQ_HOME=/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/sbin
export RABBITMQ_HOME
case "$1" in
start)
echo "Starting RabbitMQ ..."
$RABBITMQ_HOME/rabbitmq-server start
;;
stop)
echo "Stopping RabbitMQ ..."
$RABBITMQ_HOME/rabbitmqctl stop
;;
restart)
echo "no restart command"
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart}"
;;
esac
exit 0
2.修改脚本为可执行文件
chmod a+x rabbitmq
3.查看rabbitmq开机启动情况
chkconfig --list
4.没有rabbitmq，则添加到系统启动队列中
chkconfig --add rabbitmq
5.查看rabbitmq开机启动情况
chkconfig --list
方式二、systemctl服务
1. 进入系统服务目录
cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
2. 创建文件rabbitmq.service
3. 编辑rabbitmq.service
vi rabbitmq.service
[Unit]
Description=rabbitmq
[Service]
#Type=forking
User=root
Group=root
KillMode=/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/sbin/rabbitmqctl stop
PIDFile=/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/rabbitmq.pid
Restart=no
ExecStart=/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/sbin/rabbitmq-server start
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
4. 重新加载systemd程序的配置文件保存文件Esc :wq
systemctl start rabbitmq.service
5. 查看rabbitmq是否已启动
方式一：
ps -ef|grep rabbitmq
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef|grep rabbitmq
root 724 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/sbin/rabbitmq-server start
root 1423 724 0 10:08 ? 00:00:05 /usr/local/lib/erlang/erts-10.3/bin/beam.smp -W w -A 64 -MBas ageffcbf -MHas ageffcbf -MBlmbcs 512 -MHlmbcs 512 -MMmcs 30 -P 1048576 -t 5000000 -stbt db -zdbbl 128000 -K true -B i -- -root /usr/local/lib/erlang -progname erl -- -home /root -- -pa /home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/ebin -noshell -noinput -s rabbit boot -sname rabbit@localhost -boot start_sasl -kernel inet_default_connect_options [{nodelay,true}] -sasl errlog_type error -sasl sasl_error_logger false -rabbit lager_log_root "/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/var/log/rabbitmq" -rabbit lager_default_file "/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log" -rabbit lager_upgrade_file "/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost_upgrade.log" -rabbit enabled_plugins_file "/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/etc/rabbitmq/enabled_plugins" -rabbit plugins_dir "/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/plugins" -rabbit plugins_expand_dir "/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/rabbit@localhost-plugins-expand" -os_mon start_cpu_sup false -os_mon start_disksup false -os_mon start_memsup false -mnesia dir "/home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/var/lib/rabbitmq/mnesia/rabbit@localhost" -kernel inet_dist_listen_min 25672 -kernel inet_dist_listen_max 25672 start
root 4171 3929 0 10:19 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto rabbitmq
[root@localhost ~]#
方式二：
systemctl status rabbitmq.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status rabbitmq.service
● rabbitmq.service - rabbitmq
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rabbitmq.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 一 2020-12-21 10:07:52 CST; 13min ago
Main PID: 724 (rabbitmq-server)
CGroup: /system.slice/rabbitmq.service
├─ 724 /bin/sh /home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/sbin/rabbitmq-server start
├─1288 /usr/local/lib/erlang/erts-10.3/bin/epmd -daemon
├─1423 /usr/local/lib/erlang/erts-10.3/bin/beam.smp -W w -A 64 -MBas ageffcbf -MHas ageffcbf -MBlmbcs 512 -MHlmbcs 512 -MMmcs 30 -P 1048576 -t 5000000 -stbt db -zdbbl 128000 -K true -B i -- -r...
├─1658 erl_child_setup 1024
├─3216 inet_gethost 4
└─3217 inet_gethost 4
12月 21 10:07:52 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started rabbitmq.
12月 21 10:08:07 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[724]: ## ##
12月 21 10:08:07 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[724]: ## ## RabbitMQ 3.7.10. Copyright (C) 2007-2018 Pivotal Software, Inc.
12月 21 10:08:07 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[724]: ########## Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/
12月 21 10:08:07 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[724]: ###### ##
12月 21 10:08:07 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[724]: ########## Logs: /home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost.log
12月 21 10:08:07 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[724]: /home/h4kit/tools/rabbitmq_server-3.7.10/var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@localhost_upgrade.log
12月 21 10:08:07 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[724]: Starting broker...
12月 21 10:08:09 localhost.localdomain rabbitmq-server[724]: completed with 5 plugins.
[root@localhost ~]#
6. 设置开机自启
systemctl enable rabbitmq
7. 服务器重启
systemctl reboot
8. 查看rabbitmq是否已启动，同5
1. 创建自动启动脚本
vi /etc/init.d/rabbitmq
2. 跳转目录
cd /etc/init.d
3. 修改脚本为可执行文件
chmod a+x rabbitmq
4. 查看rabbitmq开机启动情况
chkconfig --list
5. 没有rabbitmq，则添加到系统启动队列中
chkconfig --add rabbitmq
6. 查看rabbitmq开机启动情况
chkconfig --list
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