微服务架构编码构建
一、项目版本要求
对于后续使用版本作出规范，避免出现问题，一定要严格遵守
| 组件 | 版本 |
| spring cloud | Hoxton.SR1 |
| spring boot | 2.2.RELEASE |
| springcloud alibaba | alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE |
| java | java8 |
| Maven | 3.5及以上版本 |
| MySQL | 5.6及以上版本 |
二、IDEA新建project工作空间
2.1.微服务cloud整体聚合工程
2.2.1.New Project
聚合总父工程名
选择maven
设置工程字符编码
注解生效激活
java编译版本选8
File Type过滤（是否需要设置，取决于自己）
2.2.父工程POM
在pom中添加如下内容：这里注意需要设置版本管理器，版本按照要求来，直接复制即可
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.augus.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud2022</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <name>Maven</name> <!-- 统一管理jar包版本 --> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <junit.version>4.12</junit.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> <lombok.version>1.18.24</lombok.version> <mysql.version>8.0.17</mysql.version> <druid.version>1.2.9</druid.version> <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.boot.version> <spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR1</spring.cloud.version> <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version> <spring.cloud.alibaba.dependencies.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.dependencies.version> <spring.boot.dependencies>2.2.2.RELEASE</spring.boot.dependencies> </properties> <!-- 1、只是声明依赖，并不实际引入，子项目按需声明使用的依赖 --> <!-- 2、子项目可以继承父项目的 version 和 scope --> <!-- 3、子项目若指定了 version 和 scope，以子项目为准 --> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <!--spring boot 2.2.2--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring.boot.dependencies}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring.cloud.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.dependencies.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>${druid.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>${lombok.version}</version> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> </project>
注意，父工程创建完成后执行meavn:insall将父工程发布到仓库方便子工程继承
三、Rest微服务工程搭建
3.1.创建Cloud-provider-payment8001 微服务提供者Module模块
3.1.1.建module
3.1.2.改POM
这里推荐复制，避免写错
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2022</artifactId> <groupId>com.augus.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId> <dependencies> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-web --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/druid --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-jdbc --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--热部署需要依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
3.1.3.建YML
在resources目录下，创建application.yml文件，内容如下：
server: port: 8001 spring: application: name: cloud-provider-payment datasource: # 使用阿里的Druid连接池 type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver # 填写你数据库的url、登录名、密码和数据库名 url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/db2022?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: 123456 druid: # 连接池的配置信息 # 初始化大小，最小，最大 initial-size: 5 min-idle: 5 maxActive: 20 # 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 maxWait: 60000 # 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒 timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000 # 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间，单位是毫秒 minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000 validationQuery: SELECT 1 testWhileIdle: true testOnBorrow: false testOnReturn: false # 打开PSCache，并且指定每个连接上PSCache的大小 poolPreparedStatements: true maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20 # 配置监控统计拦截的filters，去掉后监控界面sql无法统计，'wall'用于防火墙 filters: stat,wall,slf4j # 通过connectProperties属性来打开mergeSql功能；慢SQL记录 connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql\=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis\=5000 # 配置DruidStatFilter web-stat-filter: enabled: true url-pattern: "/*" exclusions: "*.js,*.gif,*.jpg,*.bmp,*.png,*.css,*.ico,/druid/*" # 配置DruidStatViewServlet stat-view-servlet: url-pattern: "/druid/*" # IP白名单(没有配置或者为空，则允许所有访问) allow: 127.0.0.1,192.168.8.109 # IP黑名单 (存在共同时，deny优先于allow) deny: 192.168.1.188 # 禁用HTML页面上的“Reset All”功能 reset-enable: false # 登录名 login-username: admin # 登录密码 login-password: 123456 servlet: multipart: #设置文件上传单个文件的大小 max-file-size: 10MB #设置多个文件上传总文件的大小 file-size-threshold: 100MB mybatis: # 指定实体类存放位置 type-aliases-package: com.augus.cloud.pojo # 配置日志，方便调试 mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
3.1.4.创建主启动类
在java下创建包com.augus.cloud, 然后创建主启动类：PaymentMain8001 .java
package com.augus.cloud; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class PaymentMain8001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class,args); } }
3.1.5.创建业务类
- 建表sql:
CREATE TABLE `payment` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键', `serial` varchar(200) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '支付流水号', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci COMMENT = '支付表' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
- 创建包pojo，存放实体类
主实体Payment
package com.augus.cloud.pojo; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import java.io.Serializable; @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor @Data public class Payment implements Serializable { private Long id; private String serial; }
Json封装体CommonResult
package com.augus.cloud.pojo; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor @Data public class CommonResult<T> { private Integer code; private String message; private T data; public CommonResult(Integer code, String message){ this(code,message,null); } }
- 创建dao持久层，接口PaymentDao
package com.augus.cloud.dao; import com.augus.cloud.pojo.Payment; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param; @Mapper public interface PaymentDao { /** * 根据ID查询交易信息 * @param id * @return */ Payment queryById(@Param("id") Long id); /** * 新增记录 * @param payment * @return */ int create(Payment payment); }
- 在resources下创建mapper包，存放mapper映射文件
PaymentMapper.xml，内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.augus.cloud.dao.PaymentDao"> <insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id"> INSERT INTO payment(serial) value (#{serial}) </insert> <resultMap id="baseResultMap" type="com.augus.cloud.pojo.Payment"> <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"></id> <id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"></id> </resultMap> <select id="queryById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="baseResultMap"> select * from payment where id=#{id} </select> </mapper>
3.1.6.测试
对于get请求，直接在浏览器访问：http://localhost:8001/payment/get/1
post请求，则推荐使用postman模拟，浏览器不好模拟
3.2.创建cloud-consumer-order80 微服务消费者订单Module模块
3.2.1.建module
3.2.2.改POM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <artifactId>cloud2022</artifactId> <groupId>com.augus.springcloud</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok --> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
3.2.3.建YML
在resources目录下创建application.yml 内容如下：
server:
port: 80
spring:
application:
name: cloud-consumer-order
3.2.4.创建主启动类
在java中创建com.augus.cloud包，在下面创建主启动类
package com.augus.springcloud; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class OrderMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class,args); } }
3.2.5.创建业务类
- 创建pojo保存实体类
主实体Payment
package com.augus.cloud.pojo; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import java.io.Serializable; @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor @Data public class Payment implements Serializable { private Long id; private String serial; }
Json封装体CommonResult
package com.augus.cloud.pojo; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor @Data public class CommonResult<T> { private Integer code; private String message; private T data; public CommonResult(Integer code, String message){ this(code,message,null); } }
- 创建包controller，在下面创建OrderController 内容如下：
package com.augus.springcloud.controller; import com.augus.springcloud.pojo.CommonResult; import com.augus.springcloud.pojo.Payment; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @RestController public class OrderController { public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001"; @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create") public CommonResult<Payment> create(Payment payment){ // 调用支付模块 return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/create",payment,CommonResult.class); } @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}") public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id){ return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"payment/get/"+id,CommonResult.class); } }
注意：在项目中，当我们需要远程调用一个 HTTP 接口时，我们经常会用到 RestTemplate 这个类。这个类是 Spring 框架提供的一个工具类，点击即可查看方法RestTemolate文档
3.2.6.测试
访问请求，http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/1，显示如下：
访问请求 http://localhost/consumer/payment/create?serial=1213，注意在payment创建的接口参数需要添加@RequestBoy注解，否则会解析失败
四、工程重构
4.1.现存问题说明
目前在oreader和payment模块都存在相同的实体类，冗余太多
4.2.创建模块 cloud-api-common
4.3.在pom中添加如下内容
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId> <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId> <version>5.1.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
4.4.在com.augus.cloud包下创建pojo存放实体类
主实体Payment
package com.augus.cloud.pojo; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import java.io.Serializable; @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor @Data public class Payment implements Serializable { private Long id; private String serial; }
Json封装体CommonResult
package com.augus.cloud.pojo; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor @Data public class CommonResult<T> { private Integer code; private String message; private T data; public CommonResult(Integer code, String message){ this(code,message,null); } }
4.5.使用maven命令clean install
4.6.对订单80模块和支付8001模块分别进行改造
- 删除各自的原先的pojo文件夹
- 在各自pom中分别添加如下内容：
<dependency>
<groupId>com.augus.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-common</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
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