centos6.5+nginx1.6.0+php5.5.12+mysql5.6.17编译安装全记录
根据网上教程,在centos6.5上成功安装lnmp,记录一下安装过程,以备后用,转载自http://www.unixdo.com/Unix_Linux/CentOS65_Nginx140_Php557_MySQL5535.html,其中部分根据实际情况有所改动,在此感谢原作者。
环境:Centos 6.5 x64,Nginx1.6.0,PHP 5.5.12,Mysql 5.6.17
一、准备工作
1.配置防火墙
允许防火墙通过22(ssh)、80(WEB)、3306(MYSQL)端口
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 22 -j ACCEPT /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save #保存配置
2.关闭selinux
vi /etc/selinux/config #SELINUX=enforcing #注释掉 #SELINUXTYPE=targeted #注释掉 SELINUX=disabled #增加 :wq #保存,退出 reboot #重启系统
二、系统约定
软件源码位置:/soft/lnmp/
安装位置:/usr/local/
三、软件包下载
1、Nginx:http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
2、pcre:ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.35.tar.gz
3、Mysql:http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz
4、PHP:http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.5.12.tar.gz/from/this/mirror
5、cmake:http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz
6、libmcrypt:http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
7、freetype2:http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/freetype/freetype-2.5.3.tar.gz
8、openssl:http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1j.tar.gz
9、nginx_upstream_check_module:https://github.com/yaoweibin/nginx_upstream_check_module/archive/master.zip
10、nginx-sticky-module:https://github.com/lusis/nginx-sticky-module/archive/master.zip
四、yum安装编译工具及库文件
yum install make apr* autoconf automake bzip2 bzip2-devel curl curl-devel gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel zlib* zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel gd gd-devel kernel keyutils patch perl kernel-headers compat* mpfr cpp glibc libgomp libstdc++-devel ppl cloog-ppl keyutils-libs-devel libcom_err-devel libsepol-devel libselinux-devel krb5-devel zlib-devel libXpm* freetype freetype-devel libpng* libpng10 libpng10-devel libpng-devel php-common php-gd ncurses* ncurses-devel libtool* libtool-libs libxml2-devel patch glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel krb5 krb5-devel libevent libevent-devel libidn libidn-devel nss_ldap openldap openldap-clients openldap-devel openldap-servers openssl openssl-devel pspell-devel net-snmp* net-snmp-devel -y
五、安装cmake及Mysql
1、cmake
cd /soft/lnmp tar -zxvf cmake-2.8.12.2.tar.gz cd cmake-2.8.12.2 ./configure && make && make install
2、Mysql
groupadd mysql #添加mysql组 useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false #创建用户mysql并加入到mysql组,不允许mysql用户直接登录系统 mkdir -p /data/mysql #创建MySQL数据库存放目录 chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql #设置MySQL数据库目录权限 mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql #创建MySQL安装目录 cd /soft/lnmp tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.17.tar.gz cd mysql-5.6.17 cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \ -DMYSQL_USER=mysql \ -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ -DINSTALL_SHAREDIR=share make && make install
安装完成后,开始配置MySQL:
cp ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf #拷贝配置文件(注意:如果/etc目录下面默认有一个my.cnf,直接覆盖即可) vi /etc/my.cnf #编辑配置文件,在 [mysqld] 部分增加下面一行
datadir = /data/mysql #添加MySQL数据库路径
:wq! #保存退出 cd /usr/local/mysql ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql #生成mysql系统数据库 cp -p -r /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/ /data/mysql/mysql #拷贝mysql到数据目录,此处若不拷贝,启动mysql会报mysql.user不存在错误 cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql #把Mysql加入系统启动 chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql #增加执行权限 chkconfig mysql on #加入开机启动 vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql #编辑
basedir = /usr/local/mysql #MySQL程序安装路径
datadir = /data/mysql #MySQl数据库存放目录
service mysql start #启动 vi /etc/profile #把mysql服务加入系统环境变量:在最后添加下面这一行
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
:wq! #保存退出 ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql #下面这行把myslq的库文件链接到系统默认的位置,这样你在编译类似PHP等软件时可以不用指定mysql的库文件地址。 reboot #需要重启系统,等待系统重新启动之后继续在终端命令行下面操作 mysql_secure_installation #设置Mysql密码
根据提示按Y 回车
然后输入2次密码
继续按Y 回车,直到设置完成
或者直接修改密码
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456" #修改密码 service mysqld restart #重启
六、安装pcre及Nginx
1、pcre
cd /soft/lnmp mkdir -p /usr/local/pcre #创建安装目录 tar -zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz cd pcre-8.35 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre #配置 make && make install
2、openssl
tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1j.tar.gz
3、Nginx
cd /soft/lnmp groupadd www #添加www组 useradd -g www www -s /bin/false #创建nginx运行账户www并加入到www组,不允许www用户直接登录系统 tar -zxvf nginx-sticky-module-1.1.tar.gz tar -zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz unzip nginx_upstream_check_module-master.zip cd nginx-1.6.2 patch -p1 <../nginx_upstream_check_module-master/check_1.5.12+.patch ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-openssl=/soft/lnmp/openssl-1.0.1j --with-pcre=/soft/lnmp/pcre-8.35 --add-module=/soft/lnmp/nginx-sticky-module-1.1 --add-module=/soft/lnmp/nginx_upstream_check_module-master #注意:--with-pcre=/soft/lnmp/pcre-8.35指向的是源码包解压的路径,而不是安装的路径,否则会报错 make && make install vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #设置nginx开机启动,编辑启动文件添加下面内容
#!/bin/bash
# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server
# it is v.0.0.2 version.
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.
# It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.
# processname: nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
RETVAL=0
prog="nginx"
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0
[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0
# Start nginx daemons functions.
start() {
if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then
echo "nginx already running...."
exit 1
fi
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx
return $RETVAL
}
# Stop nginx daemons functions.
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $nginxd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
#kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`
killproc $nginxd -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
status)
status $prog
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
:wq! #保存退出
chmod 775 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #赋予文件执行权限
chkconfig nginx on #设置开机启动
七、安装libmcrypt、freetype2及PHP
1、libmcrypt
cd /soft/lnmp tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz cd libmcrypt-2.5.8 ./configure && make && make install
2、freetype2
cd /soft/lnmp tar -zxvf freetype-2.5.3.tar.gz cd freetype-2.5.3 mkdir -p /usr/local/freetype2 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype2
3、PHP
cd /soft/lnmp tar -zxvf php-5.5.12.tar.gz cd php-5.5.12 mkdir -p /usr/local/php5 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-gd --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype2 --with-iconv --with-zlib --enable-xml --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --enable-session --with-mcrypt --with-curl make && make install
配置PHP:
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini #复制php配置文件到安装目录 rm -rf /etc/php.ini #删除系统自带配置文件 ln -s /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini #添加软链接 cp /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf #拷贝模板文件为php-fpm配置文件 vi /usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf #编辑
user = www #设置php-fpm运行账号为www
group = www #设置php-fpm运行组为www
pid = run/php-fpm.pid #取消前面的分号
cp /soft/lnmp/php-5.5.12/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #拷贝php-fpm到启动目录 chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #添加执行权限 chkconfig php-fpm on #设置开机启动 vi /usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini #编辑配置文件
修改为:
disable_functions =passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,escapeshellcmd,dll,popen,disk_free_space,checkdnsrr,checkdnsrr,getservbyname,getservbyport,disk_total_space,posix_ctermid,posix_get_last_error,posix_getcwd,posix_getegid,posix_geteuid,posix_getgid,posix_getgrgid,posix_getgrnam,posix_getgroups,posix_getlogin,posix_getpgid,posix_getpgrp,posix_getpid,posix_getppid,posix_getpwnam,posix_getpwuid, posix_getrlimit,posix_getsid,posix_getuid,posix_isatty,posix_kill,posix_mkfifo,posix_setegid,posix_seteuid,posix_setgid,posix_setpgid,posix_setsid,posix_setuid,posix_strerror,posix_times,posix_ttyname,posix_uname #列出PHP可以禁用的函数,如果某些程序需要用到这个函数,可以删除,取消禁用。
找到:;date.timezone =
修改为:date.timezone = PRC #设置时区
找到:expose_php = On
修改为:expose_php = OFF #禁止显示php版本的信息
配置Nginx支持PHP:
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #编辑配置文件,需做如下修改
user www www; #首行user去掉注释,修改Nginx运行组为www www;必须与/usr/local/php5/etc/php-fpm.conf中的user,group配置相同,否则php运行出错
index index.php index.html index.htm; #添加index.php
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
#取消FastCGI server部分location的注释,并要注意fastcgi_param行的参数,改为$document_root$fastcgi_script_name,或者使用绝对路径
其他有关Nginx配置请参考其他文章,执行:
cd /usr/local/nginx/html/ #进入nginx默认网站根目录 rm -rf /usr/local/nginx/html/* #删除默认测试页 vi index.php #编辑
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
:wq! #保存退出 chown www.www /usr/local/nginx/html/ -R #设置目录所有者 chmod 700 /usr/local/nginx/html/ -R #设置目录权限 shutdown -r now #重启系统
八、服务器相关命令
service nginx restart #重启nginx
service mysql restart #重启mysql
/usr/local/php5/sbin/php-fpm #启动php-fpm
/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm restart #重启php-fpm
/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm stop #停止php-fpm
/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm start #启动php-fpm
九、备注
nginx默认站点目录是:/usr/local/nginx/html/
权限设置:chown www:www /usr/local/nginx/html/ -R
MySQL数据库目录是:/data/mysql
权限设置:chown mysql.mysql -R /data/mysql
浙公网安备 33010602011771号