LDAP Properties

原文链接：http://www.computerperformance.co.uk/Logon/LDAP_attributes_active_directory.htm

 

Research LDAP* Properties for the User object

This page explains the common LDAP attributes which are used in vbs scripts.  Programs like VBScript (WSH), CSVDE and LDIFDE rely on these LDAP attributes to create or modify objects in Active Directory.  For example, when you bulk import users you will include the LDAP attributes:  dn and sAMAccountName.

* LDAP is the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol.

Topics for LDAP Attributes

• Hall of fame LDAP attribute - DN  distinguished name
• LDAP Attributes from Active Directory Users and Computers
• LDAP Examples - Comprehensive List

Hall of fame LDAP attribute - DN  distinguished name

As the word 'distinguished' suggests, this is THE LDAP attribute that uniquely defines an object.  Each DN must have a different name and location from all other objects in Active Directory.  The other side of the coin is that DN provides a way of selecting any object in Active Directory.  Once you have select the object, then you can change its attributes.

Time spent in getting to know the DN attribute will repay many fold.  Observe the different components CN=common name, OU = organizational unit.  DC often comes with two entries, DC=CP, DC=COM.  Note that DC=CP.COM would be wrong.  Incidentally in this situation, DC means domain content rather than domain controller.

Another point with the syntax is to check the speech marks; when used with VBScript commands, DN is often enclosed in "speech marks".  Even the speech marks have to be of the right type, "double quotes are correct", 'single quotes may be ignored' with unpredictable results.  Finally, pay particular attention to commas in distinguished names.

LDAP Attributes from Active Directory Users and Computers

The diagram below is taken from Active Directory Users and Computers. It shows the commonest LDAP attributes for vbs scripts.

When you write your scripts, check how the LDAP attributes map to the Active Directory boxes.

One useful technique is to add values in the boxes, then export using CSVDE, finally open the file in Excel and search for the value.

LDAP Attribute	Example
CN - Common Name	CN=Guy Thomas.  Actually, this LDAP attribute is made up from givenName joined to SN.
description	What you see in Active Directory Users and Computers.  Not to be confused with displayName on the Users property sheet.
displayName	displayName = Guy Thomas.  If you script this property, be sure you understand which field you are configuring.  DisplayName can be confused with CN or description.
DN - also distinguishedName	DN is simply the most important LDAP attribute. CN=Jay Jamieson, OU= Newport,DC=cp,DC=com
givenName	Firstname also called Christian name
homeDrive	Home Folder : connect.  Tricky to configure
name	name = Guy Thomas.  Exactly the same as CN.
objectCategory	Defines the Active Directory Schema category. For example, objectCategory = Person
objectClass	objectClass = User.  Also used for Computer, organizationalUnit, even container.  Important top level container.
physicalDeliveryOfficeName	Office! on the user's General property sheet
profilePath	Roaming profile path: connect.  Trick to set up
sAMAccountName	sAMAccountName = guyt.  Old NT 4.0 logon name, must be unique in the domain.  Can be confused with CN.
SN	SN = Thomas. This would be referred to as last name or surname.
userAccountControl	Used to disable an account.  A value of 514 disables the account, while 512 makes the account ready for logon.
userPrincipalName	userPrincipalName = guyt@CP.com    Often abbreviated to UPN, and looks like an email address.  Very useful for logging on especially in a large Forest.   Note UPN must be unique in the forest.
LDAP Notes Display name and Description are different Office's LDAP attribute is: physicalDeliveryOfficeName E-mail is plain: mail
Examples of Exchange Specific LDAP attributes
homeMDB	Here is where you set the MailStore
legacyExchangeDN	Legacy distinguished name for creating Contacts. In the following example, Guy Thomas is a Contact in the first administrative group of GUYDOMAIN: /o=GUYDOMAIN/ou=first administrative group/cn=Recipients/cn=Guy Thomas
mail	An easy, but important attribute.  A simple SMTP address is all that is required billyn@ourdom.com
mAPIRecipient - FALSE	Indicates that a contact is not a domain user.
mailNickname	Normally this is the same value as the sAMAccountName, but could be different if you wished.  Needed for mail enabled contacts.
mDBUseDefaults	Another straightforward field, just the value to:True
msExchHomeServerName	Exchange needs to know which server to deliver the mail.  Example: /o=YourOrg/ou=First Administrative Group/cn=Configuration/cn=Servers/cn=MailSrv
proxyAddresses	As the name 'proxy' suggests, it is possible for one recipient to have more than one email address.  Note the plural spelling of proxyAddresses.
targetAddress	SMTP:@ e-mail address.  Note that SMTP is case sensitive.  All capitals means the default address.
showInAddressBook	Displays the contact in the Global Address List.
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c	Country or Region
company	Company or organization name
department	Useful category to fill in and use for filtering
homephone	Home Phone number, (Lots more phone LDAPs)
l  (Lower case L)	L = Location.  City ( Maybe Office
location	Important, particularly for printers.
manager	Boss, manager
mobile	Mobile Phone number
ObjectClass	Usually, User, or Computer
OU	Organizational unit.  See also DN
postalCode	Zip or post code
st	State, Province or County
streetAddress	First line of address
telephoneNumber	Office Phone
Examples of obscure LDAP attributes
dNSHostname
rID
url
uSNCreated, uSNChanged
To discover more LDAP attributes, go to the command prompt, type: CSVDE -f Exportfile.csv.  Then open Exportfile.csv with Excel.exe.   Alternatively, use ADSI Edit and right click the container objects.
See Also ADSI Edit