2003 年考研英语真题 - 完型填空解析

2003 年考研英语真题 - 完型填空解析

Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. [1]       

翻译：教师应该了解青少年要经历的情感、智力和身体上的变换。

1. be aware of 知道；了解；意识到。

2. that young adults experience. 是 that 引导的定语从句，修饰 the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes。

And they also need to give serious thought to how they can be best accommodate such changes. [2]    

翻译：他们也应该认真考虑青少年是如何适应这些变化的。

1. give thought to 考虑到。

2. how they can be best accommodate such changes. 是 how 引导的从句，作 give thought to 的宾语。

Growing bodies need movement and exercise, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. [3]  

翻译：长身体 需要运动和锻炼, 但并不仅是通过强调竞争的方式。

1. but 连接两个并列句，第二个并列句省略了主谓（Growing bodies need）。

2. Growing bodies, 是动名词作主语。

3. movement and exercise 运动和锻炼。

4. in ways (that...), 介词短语作方式状语；意思是：通过... 的方式。

5. that emphasize competition. 是 that 引导的定语从句，修身 ways。

Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others. [4]

翻译：因为青少年正在适应新的身体状况和智力、情感方面的诸多挑战，所以他们的自我意识很强，并且需要源自于获得成功和知道别人羡慕自己成就的信心。

1. Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, 是 because 引导的原因状语从句。

2. adjust to 调节；调整以适应。

3. a whole host of 大量的。

4. teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence (that...), 是主句。

5. self-conscious 自觉的，刻意的；难为情的。

6. that comes from achieving success and knowing (that...), 是 that 引导的定语从句，修饰 the confidence。

7. comes from 来自；出生于。

8. achieve success 取得成功；获得成功。

9. that their accomplishments are admired by others. 是 that 引导的从句，作 knowing 的宾语。

10. be admired by 受到… 的钦佩；得到… 的赞赏；被… 羡慕。 

However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, for example, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, displaying student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. [5]

翻译：然而，典型的青少年的生活已经充满了如此多的竞争以至于为他们安排一些赢家多于输家的活动是明智的；例如，出版由学生自己撰编书评的新闻小册子，展览学生的艺术品和赞助读书俱乐部等等。

1. 该句子的主干为：the...lifestyle is...filled with so... that...。

2. so...that..., 如此… 以致…；that 引导的从句 (that it would be wise to plan activities)，作结果状语。

3. typical lifestyle 典型的生活方式。

4. be filled with 被… 充满。

5. in which there are more winners than losers, 是 in+which 引导的定语从句，修饰 activities。

6. for example 例如。

7. publishing newsletters..., displaying student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. 是三个动名词短语，作 activities 的同位语，对其举例说明。

8. with many student-written book reviews, 介词短语作定语，修饰 newsletters。

9. book review 书评。

10. book discussion club 读书会；读书讨论俱乐部。

A variety of small clubs can provide multiple opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful group dynamics. [6]     

翻译：各种各样的小型俱乐部能提供多种机会来培养他们的领导才能，也有机会在成功的团队活动中提供实践。

1. A variety of 种种；各种各样的…。

2. provide for 供养，供给；规定；为… 作准备。

3. provide sth for sb 为了某人提供某物。

4. as well as 也；和… 一样；不但… 而且。

5. group dynamic 群体动力；团队活动。

Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the security of some kind of organization with a supportive adult barely visible in the background. [7]  

翻译：对青少年来讲，结交朋友尤为重要；许多腼腆的学生需要从有成年人无形站在幕后支持的组织中获取安全感。

1. and 连接两个并列句。

2. Making friends, 是动名词短语作主语。

3. be important to 对… 重要。

4. of some kind of organization /with a supportive adult /in the background, 介词短语作定语，修饰 the security /organization /a supportive adult。

5. (barely) visible, 是形容词作定语，修饰 a supportive adult。

In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have short attention spans. [8]    

翻译：在这些活动中，重要的一点是要记住年轻人注意力保持集中的时间较短。

1. In these activities, 介词短语作地点状语。

2. it 是形式主语，代指后面的 to do 不定式短语（to remember that...）。

3. that the young teens have short attention spans. 是 that 引导的从句，作不定式 to remember 的宾语。

4. attention span 注意广度；注意力的持续时间。

A variety of activities should be organized so that participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants down. [9]  

翻译：应当组织各种各样活动，以便让参与者随心随意地保持活跃，并且在他们转而从事其他活动时既不感到内疚，也不会让其他参与者感到失望。

1. 该句子的主干为：A variety of activities should be organized so that...；其中 so that 引导从句，作目的状语。

2. A variety of 种种；各种各样的…。

3. be organized 被组织。

4. so that 引导的从句中，有 and 连接的两个并列句，其中第二个并列句省略了 participants can。

5. remain active 保持活跃；保持积极。

6. as long as they want, 是 as long as 引导的条件状语从句。

7. go on to 接着，继续去入；延续到。

8. without feeling guilty /without letting the other participants down. 是介词短语作伴随状语。

9. feel guilty 感到内疚。

10. let down 使失望；放下；辜负；减速下降。

This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. [10]

翻译：这并不意味着成年人就没有责任（必须接受不负责任）。

1. that adults must accept irresponsibility. 是 that 引导的从句，作 mean 的宾语。

On the contrary they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by planning for roles that are within their capabilities and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules. [11]

翻译：相反，成人可以通过设计一些不超过学生的能力范围和注意力时限的角色，以及通过对规则的清晰阐述，来帮助学生获得一种责任感。

1. On the contrary 相反。

2. help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事。

3. a sense of 一种… 的感觉。

4. by planning for roles (...) /by having clearly stated rules. 是介词短语作方式状语。

5. that are within their capabilities and their attention spans, 是 that 引导的定语从句，修饰 roles。

6. plan for 为… 计划 / 规划 / 设计。

7. within their capabilities and their attention spans, 是介词短语作表语。

8. attention span 注意广度；注意力的持续时间。