红楼梦

import jieba
excludes = {"什么","一个","我们","那里","你们","如今","说道","知道","起来","姑娘","这里","出来","他们","众人","自己","一面","只见","怎么","两个","没有","不是","不知","这个","听见","这样","进来","咱们","告诉","就是","东西","袭人","回来","只是","大家","只得","老爷","丫头","这些","不敢","出去","所以","不过","的话","不好","姐姐","探春","鸳鸯","一时","不能","过来","心里","如此","今日","银子","几个","答应","二人","还有","只管","这么","说话","一回","那边","这话","外头","打发","自然","今儿","罢了","屋里","那些","听说","小丫头","不用","如何"}

txt = open("E:/下载/红楼梦.txt","r",encoding='utf-8').read()
words = jieba.lcut(txt) 
counts = {} 
for word in words:
    if len(word) == 1:   
        continue
    else:
        counts[word] = counts.get(word,0) + 1
for word in excludes: 
    del(counts[word])
items = list(counts.items()) 
items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1],reverse = True)
for i in range(20):
    word,count = items[i]
    print("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word,count))