自动配置Oracle 11g安装环境的shell脚本

问题：经常需要安装Oracle数据库服务器，系统为RedHat 6.3。开始安装Oracle前需要修改诸多配置文件，创建帐号、用户组等准备工作，也要检查依赖的包是否齐全，每次都要重复一遍

解决：

1、检查hostname，修改/etc/hosts文件

hostname=`hostname`
hostip=`hostname --all-ip-address`

if [ $hostname = "localhost.localdomain" ]
then
    echo "current hostname is localhost.localdomain, please rename in file /etc/sysconfig/network, then restart computer"
    exit
else
    if [ `grep ${hostname} /etc/hosts | wc -l` -gt 0 ]
    then
    echo "hostname ${hostname} is exist in file /etc/hosts"
    else
    cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.bak
    echo ${hostip}"  "${hostname} >> /etc/hosts
    fi    
fi

2、创建oinstall,dba用户组

if [ `grep "^oinstall:" /etc/group | wc -l` -gt 0 ]
then
    echo "oinstall group is exist"
else
    groupadd oinstall
    echo "oinstall group is created"
fi
if [ `grep "^dba:" /etc/group | wc -l` -gt 0 ]
then
    echo "dba group is exist"
else
    groupadd dba
    echo "dba group is created"
fi

3、创建oracle用户，加入oinstall和dba用户组

if [ `grep "^oracle:" /etc/passwd | wc -l` -gt 0 ]
then
    echo "oracle user is exist"
else
    useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba
    echo "oracle user is created"
    echo -e "password\password" | passwd oracle
    echo "oracle password is updated"
fi

4、修改/etc/sysctl.conf内核参数并生效

# kernel.shmall取总内存的页数（每页4K），kernel.shmmax取内存的一半
if [ `grep "^net.core.wmem_max" /etc/sysctl.conf | wc -l` -gt 0 ]
then
    echo "/etc/sysctl.conf file is modified"
else
    cp /etc/sysctl.conf  /etc/sysctl.conf.bak
    sed -i "s/kernel.shmall/# kernel.shmall/g"  /etc/sysctl.conf
    sed -i "s/kernel.shmmax/# kernel.shmmax/g"  /etc/sysctl.conf
    
    total=`awk '/MemTotal/{print $2}'  /proc/meminfo`
    shmall=$(($total / 4))
    shmmax=$(($total * 512))    

    echo ""  >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "# Oracle11g"  >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "fs.file-max = 6815744" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "kernel.shmall = "${shmall} >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "kernel.shmmax = "${shmmax} >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "kernel.shmmni = 4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "net.core.rmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "net.core.rmem_max = 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "net.core.wmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    echo "net.core.wmem_max = 1048586" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
    sysctl -p
fi

 

5、修改/etc/security/limits.conf配置文件

if [ `grep "^oracle           soft    nproc   2047" /etc/security/limits.conf | wc -l` -gt 0 ]
then
    echo "/etc/security/limits.conf file is modified"
else
    cp /etc/security/limits.conf  /etc/security/limits.conf.bak
    echo "oracle           soft    nproc   2047" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
    echo "oracle           hard    nproc   16384" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
    echo "oracle           soft    nofile  1024" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
    echo "oracle           hard    nofile  65536" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
fi

6、修改/etc/pam.d/login配置文件

if [ `grep "^session    required     pam_limits.so" /etc/pam.d/login | wc -l` -gt 0 ]
then
    echo "/etc/pam.d/login file is modified"
else
    cp /etc/pam.d/login  /etc/pam.d/login.bak
    echo "session    required     pam_limits.so" >> /etc/security/limits.conf
fi

7、创建ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME TMP目录，并赋相应权限

if [ ! -d "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1" ]
then
    mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
    chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/
    chmod -R 775 /u01/
    mkdir /tmp/oracle
    chown -R oracle:oinstall /tmp/oracle
    chmod -R 775 /tmp/oracle
else    
    echo "directory /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 is exist"
fi

8、修改oracle用户环境变量配置文件.bash_profile

if [ `grep "export ORACLE_TERM=xterm" /home/oracle/.bash_profile | wc -l` -gt 0 ]
then
    echo "variable ORACLE_TERM=xterm is exist"
else    
    cp /home/oracle/.bash_profile /home/oracle/.bash_profile.bak
    echo "" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
    echo "#Oracle" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
    echo "umask 022" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
    echo "TMP=/tmp; export TMP" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
    echo "TMPDIR=\$TMP; export TMPDIR" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
    echo "export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
    echo "export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
    echo "export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/Apache/perl/bin:\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin:\$PATH" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
    echo "export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
    echo "export ORACLE_SID=orcl" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
    echo "export ORACLE_TERM=xterm" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
    echo "unset USERNAME" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
fi

9、检查安装Oracle依赖的15个安装包，版本未要求完全一致或更新；若yum安装出现问题，参考

Redhat配置iso文件为yum安装源

# Redhat 6.3的iso中没有pdksh，需要使用命令rpm -e ksh卸载系统默认安装的ksh，再使用命令rpm -i pdksh安装下载的包
packages="binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel pdksh "
packages=${packages}"libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel make sysstat tigervnc tigervnc-server"
versions=("2.20" "1.10" "3.2" "4.4" "4.4" "2.12" "2.12" "5.2" "4.4" "4.4" "4.4" "0.3" "0.3" "3.81" "9.0" "1.0" "1.0")

i=0
for package in $packages
do
    packageversion=${package}"-"${versions[i]}
    if [ `rpm -qa | grep $packageversion | wc -l` -ne 0 ] 
    then
       echo ${i}": Exists the package:$packageversion"
    else
       if [ `rpm -qa | grep $package | wc -l` -ne 0 ]
       then
           installed=`rpm -qa | grep $package`
           echo ${i}": Not exist the package like:$packageversion"
           echo "But exists other versions:"
           echo "$installed"
       else
           echo ${i}": Installing the package:$package"
           yum install $package
       fi
    fi
    i=$(($i + 1))
done