【Oracle】 Oracle使用hot backup克隆数据库

使用hot backup克隆数据库，不影响数据的运行。

但是要求源库必须是归档模式。源库和目标库版本要一致，需要先在目标服务器上安装好oracle软件。

 

源库：srcdb

目标库：trgdb

 

1.确保源库开启了归档

SQL> archive log list;

 

2.在目标服务器上创建相应的目录

mkdir -p /u03/oracle/oradata/TRGDBmkdir -p /archive/oradata/TRGDB/arch

　　

3.在源库端创建一个控制文件

通过trace实现

alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/export/home/oracle/ctrl_bkokp.sql';

　　

4.将源库至于hot backup模式

SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;
SQL> ALTER DATABASE BEGIN BACKUP;
SQL> select distinct status from v$backup;

STATUS
------------------
ACTIVE

　　

5.拷贝数据文件，tempfiles和备份好的控制文件到目标库

scp /u03/oracle/oradata/SRCDB/*dbf oracle@targret-host.dbclass.com:/u03/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/
scp /export/home/oracle/ctrl_bkokp.sql oracle@targret-host.dbclass.com:/u03/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/

　　

6.拷贝结束后，取消源库的hot backup状态

ALTER DATABASE END BACKUP;ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT;

　　

7.为目标库创建initfile

cat initTRGDB.ora

*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/TRGDB/adump'
*.audit_trail='D
*.compatible='12.1.0.2.0'
*.control_files='/u03/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/control01.ctl','/u03/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='TRGDB'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle/'*.event=''
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=524288000
*.processes=1000
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.sec_case_sensitive_logon=FALSE
*.sessions=1536
*.sga_max_size=7373586432
*.sga_target=7373586432
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

　

8.启动目标库到nomount状态

export ORACLE_SID=TRGDB

startup nomount pfile=initTRGDB.ora

　　

9.目标库重新创建controlfile

在步骤3，我们已经将控制文件信息写到了trace文件

CREATE CONTROLFILE SET DATABASE "TRGDB" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 2336
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/redo01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/redo02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/redo03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/system01.dbf',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/CTLDATA_01.dbf',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/sysaux01.dbf',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/undotbs01.dbf',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/CTLIDX_01.dbf',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/users01.dbf',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/catalog01.dbf',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/catalog_idx01.dbf',
'/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/GGATE_01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;

　　

这里使用了set database，因为是在目标库上克隆一个新库。

如果想和源库一样，可以使用命令reuse database。

如果现在想以resetlog模式开启数据库，会报以下错误：

SQL>  alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 1: ‘/u01/oracle/oradata/TRGDB/system01.dbf’

　　

解决这个问题，需要执行recover database，应用hot backup期间生成的归档日志

SQL> RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE UNTIL CANCEL;


SQL> RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE UNTIL CANCEL;


ORA-00279: change 11491098201897 generated at 05/17/2016 16:36:27 needed for
thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /archive/oradata/TRGDB/arch/1_5642_907410560.arc ------- > required archive
ORA-00280: change 11491098201897 for thread 1 is in sequence #5642

　　

需要归档日志从1_5642_907410560.arc开始。

将这些归档日志拷贝到目标库

scp /archive/oradata/SRCDB/arch/1_5642_907410560.arc oracle@targret-host.dbclass.com:/archive/oradata/TRGDB/arch
scp /archive/oradata/SRCDB/arch/1_5643_907410560.arc oracle@targret-host.dbclass.com:/archive/oradata/TRGDB/arch

　　

再次recover，输入auto

SQL> RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE UNTIL CANCEL;
ORA-00279: change 11491098201897 generated at 05/17/2016 16:36:27 needed for
thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /archive/oradata/TRGDB/arch/1_5642_907410560.arc
ORA-00280: change 11491098201897 for thread 1 is in sequence #5642
 
 
Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
AUTO
ORA-00279: change 11491098210561 generated at 05/17/2016 16:55:09 needed for
thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /archive/oradata/TRGDB/arch/1_5643_907410560.arc
ORA-00280: change 11491098210561 for thread 1 is in sequence #5643
ORA-00278: log file '/archive/oradata/TRGDB/arch/1_5642_907410560.arc' no longer
needed for this recovery

　

应用结束，就可以开启数据库了：

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
 
Database altered.

　　

如果，打开数据库还是报错，比如数据文件需要恢复，表明还有归档日志没有应用到目标库。

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