Spring、SpringMVC和Hibernate简单整合

 

以添加员工为例，实现Spring、SpringMVC和Hibernate简单整合

1.创建数据库和表

CREATE DATABASE `employee`
CREATE TABLE `employee`.`employee`(     
    `id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT ,     
    `name` VARCHAR(11) ,     PRIMARY KEY (`id`)  
); 

2.导入jar包

//将项目需要的所有的jar包提前导入到项目中 

3.创建项目所有的包

　　3.1.1 pojo类  Employee

public class Employee{

    private Integer id;
    private String name;    
    //省略set/get方法    
} 

　　3.1.2 pojo类的映射文件  Employee.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.itqf.pojo.Employee" table="employee">
        <id name="id">
            <generator class="native"></generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name"></property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>   

　　3.2 dao层 (通常一个dao类对应一张表的增删改查)

//dao层对象继承HibernateDaoSupport  通过gethibernateTemplate()操作数据库
public class EmployeeDao  extends HibernateDaoSupport{
　　 //对数据库进行insert操作 
    public void addEmployee(Employee employee){
        getHibernateTemplate().save(employee);
    }
} 

　　3.3 service层(service层处理业务逻辑)

@Service//通过注解创建service层的bean
public class EmployeeService {

    @Autowired//注解注入
    private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
　　 //调用dao层添加
    public void addEmployee(Employee employee){
        employeeDao.addEmployee(employee);
    }
} 

　　3.4 controller层(控制器层)

@Controller//控制器注解  配置文件通过扫描这个注解
public class EmployeeController {

    @Autowired//注解注入
    private EmployeeService employeeService;

    @RequestMapping("/addEmployee.html")//映射路径
    //自动映射成pojo类，前提:表单属性的name值必须和pojo类的属性名一致，必须有无参的构造方法 
    public String addEmployee(Employee employee){
        employeeService.addEmployee(employee);        
        return "/index.jsp";
    }
} 

4.配置文件处理

　　4.1 web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
          http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">
    <!--监听项目启动 自动加载applicationContext.xml-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <!-- 配置前端控制器 默认加载springmvc-servlet.xml（前提：该配置文件在WEB-INF下） -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <!-- 映射路径 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <!--编码格式-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>    
</web-app> 

　　4.2 数据库连接的属性文件 jdbc.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/employee?characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=111 

　　4.3 applicationContext.xml

Spring的配置文件：
　　负责管理bean类
　　负责管理数据源(数据库连接信息等)
　　负责管理事务(声明式事务) 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd ">
        <!--扫描数据库连接信息 该配置文件包含了数据库连接需要的信息-->
        <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true" system-properties-mode="NEVER"/>
        <!--配置数据源-->
        <bean id="ds" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
            <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
            <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
            <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
            <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"/>
        </bean>
        <!--配置sessionFactory-->
        <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
            <property name="dataSource" ref="ds"/>
            <!--在spring中配置hibernate属性-->
            <property name="hibernateProperties">
                <props>
                    <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
                    <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
                </props>
            </property>
            <property name="mappingResources">
                <list>                   
                    <value>com/itqf/pojo/Employee.hbm.xml</value>
                </list>
            </property>
        </bean>
        <!--配置事务管理器-->
        <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
            <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
        </bean>
        <!--配置通知类-->
        <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
            <tx:attributes>
                <tx:method name="*" rollback-for="Exception"/>               
            </tx:attributes>
        </tx:advice>
        <!--定义事务切面-->
        <aop:config>
            <aop:pointcut id="serviceMethod" expression="execution(* com.itqf.service..*(..))"/>
            <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceMethod"/>
        </aop:config>
        <!--扫描service注解，自动创建bean-->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.itqf.service">
            <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Service"/>
        </context:component-scan>
        <!-- 配置 dao层对象 并注入sessionFactory对象-->
        <bean id="deptDao" class="com.itqf.dao.DeptDao">
            <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
        </bean>
        <bean id="employeeDao" class="com.itqf.dao.EmployeeDao">
            <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
        </bean>
</beans> 

　　4.3 SpringMVC的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd  ">
    <!--默认注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!-- 扫描控制器注解 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.itqf.controller">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
</beans> 

5.页面设置(员工id为主键，设置了自动增长，这里可以省略)

<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/addEmployee.html" method="post">员工姓名:<input type="text" name="name"/><br>
    <input type="submit" value="添加" />${massage}
</form>
</body>
</html>
  

6.运行结果