Integer用==进行值比较,什么时候相等,什么时候不等?

package mytest;
 
public class TestInteger {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        Integer a =127;
        Integer b =127;
        System.out.println(a==b);
        a=128;
        b=128;
        System.out.println(a==b);
        a=-127;
        b=-127;
        System.out.println(a==b);
        a=-128;
        b=-128;
        System.out.println(a==b);
        a=-129;
        b=-129;
        System.out.println(a==b);
    }
}

true

false

true

true

false

结果说明 在值域为 [-128,127]之间,用==符号来比较Integer的值,是相等的。为啥会有这样的结果呢?因为Integer内部特别处理了这之间的数。

/**
     * Cache to support the object identity semantics of autoboxing for values between
     * -128 and 127 (inclusive) as required by JLS.
     *
     * The cache is initialized on first usage.  The size of the cache
     * may be controlled by the {@code -XX:AutoBoxCacheMax=<size>} option.
     * During VM initialization, java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high property
     * may be set and saved in the private system properties in the
     * sun.misc.VM class.
     */
 
    private static class IntegerCache {
        static final int low = -128;
        static final int high;
        static final Integer cache[];
 
        static {
            // high value may be configured by property
            int h = 127;
            String integerCacheHighPropValue =
                sun.misc.VM.getSavedProperty("java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high");
            if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) {
                try {
                    int i = parseInt(integerCacheHighPropValue);
                    i = Math.max(i, 127);
                    // Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE
                    h = Math.min(i, Integer.MAX_VALUE - (-low) -1);
                } catch( NumberFormatException nfe) {
                    // If the property cannot be parsed into an int, ignore it.
                }
            }
            high = h;
 
            cache = new Integer[(high - low) + 1];
            int j = low;
            for(int k = 0; k < cache.length; k++)
                cache[k] = new Integer(j++);
 
            // range [-128, 127] must be interned (JLS7 5.1.7)
            assert IntegerCache.high >= 127;
        }
 
        private IntegerCache() {}
    }

这是Integer的静态内部类,在Integer类装入内存中时,会执行其内部类中静态代码块进行其初始化工作,做的主要工作就是把 [-128,127]之间的数包装成Integer类并把其对应的引用存入到cache数组中,这样在方法区中开辟空间存放这些静态Integer变量,同时静态cache数组也存放在这里,供线程享用,这也称静态缓存。我们知道在Java的对象是引用的,所以当用Integer 声明初始化变量时,会先判断所赋值的大小是否在-128到127之间,若在,则利用静态缓存中的空间并且返回对应cache数组中对应引用,存放到运行栈中,而不再重新开辟内存。

如此,便导致了上面Integer比较用==比较结果为true的情况发生。

posted @ 2021-01-12 10:19  a-du  阅读(353)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报