(05节)快速搭建SSM项目
1.1 快速搭建Web项目
注意点:name:archetypeCatalog,value:internal
原因:Intellij IDEA根据maven archetype的本质,执行mvn archetype:generate命令。该命令执行时,需要指定一个archetype-catalog.xml文件。该命令的参数-DarchetypeCatalog,可选值为:remote,internal,local等,用来指定archetype-catalog.xml文件从哪里获取,默认为remote,即从 http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/archetype-catalog.xml路径下载archetype-catalog.xml文件。archetype-catalog.xml 文件约为3-4M,下载速度很慢,导致创建过程卡住。解决的办法很简单,指定-DarchetypeCatalog为internal,即可使用maven默认的archetype-catalog.xml,而不用从remote下载。
1.2 集成Spring框架
1、首先,在ssm-project项目的pom文件中添加spring相关的依赖,具体代码如下:
<properties> <spring.version>5.0.4.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <!--spring start --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!--spring end -->
2、其次,在/src/main/resources目录下创建applicationContext.xml配置文件,具体代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xjx"/> </beans>
3、接着,我们在web.xml配置文件中添加如下的代码:
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app> <displ-name>Archetype Created Web Application</displ-name> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> </web-app>
4:最后,在src/main/test/com.xjx.test目录下创建SpringTest测试类,具体代码如下:
import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; @Service public class SpringTest { @Test public void testSpring(){ //获取运用上下文 ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); //获取SpringTest类 SpringTest springTest = (SpringTest) applicationContext.getBean("springTest"); //调用sHello方法 springTest.sHello(); } public void sHello(){ System.out.println("hello "); } }
1.3 3种ApplicationContext实现
ApplicationContext容器:ApplicationContext是Spring中较高级的容器,它可以加载配置文件中定义的Bean,并将所有的Bean 集中在一起,当有请求的时候分配Bean。
最经常被使用的ApplicationContext接口实现如下:
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext:从类路径ClassPath中寻找指定的XML配置文件,找到并装载完成ApplicationContext的实例化工作,具体代码如下:
//装载单个配置文件实例化ApplicationContext容器 ApplicationContext cxt = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); //装载多个配置文件实例化ApplicationContext容器 String[] configs = {"bean1.xml","bean2.xml","bean3.xml"}; ApplicationContext cxt = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(configs);
FileSystemXmlApplicationContext:从指定的文件系统路径中寻找指定的XML配置文件,找到并装载完成ApplicationContext的实例化工作。具体代码如下:
//装载单个配置文件实例化ApplicationContext容器 ApplicationContext cxt = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext ("beans.xml"); //装载多个配置文件实例化ApplicationContext容器 String[] configs = {"c:/beans1.xml","c:/beans2.xml"}; ApplicationContext cxt = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(configs);
XmlBeanFactory引用资源:
Resource resource = new ClassPathResource("applicationContext.xml"); BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource); TestController TestController = (TestController) factory.getBean("TestController"); TestController.hello();
XmlWebApplicationContext:从Web应用中寻找指定的XML配置文件,找到并装载完成ApplicationContext的实例化工作。这是为Web工程量身定制的,使用WebApplicationContextUtils类的getRequiredWebApplicationContext方法可在JSP与Servlet中取得IoC容器的引用。
1.4 集成Spring MVC框架
首先,我们把集成Spring MVC所需要的Maven依赖包和相关的属性值添加到pom.xml文件中,具体代码如下:
<properties> <spring.version>5.0.4.RELEASE</spring.version> <javax.servlet.version>4.0.0</javax.servlet.version> <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version> </properties> <!--springmvc start --> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>${jstl.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>${javax.servlet.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!--springmvc end -->
其次,在web.xml配置文件中添加DispatcherServlet配置,具体代码如下:
<!--配置DispatcherServlet --> <servlet> <servlet-name>spring-dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--配置SpringMVC需要加载的配置文件 spring-mvc.xml --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring-dispatcher</servlet-name> <!--默认匹配所有的请求 --> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
接着,我们在/src/main/resources目录下创建配置文件spring-mvc.xml,具体代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <!--扫描controller(后端控制器),并且扫描其中的注解--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xjx.controller"/> <!--设置配置方案 --> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!--配置JSP 显示ViewResolver(视图解析器)--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </beans>
我们在/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF目录下创建views文件夹,在views文件下创建hello.jsp文件,具体代码如下:
<%@page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title>Getting Started: Serving Web Content</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> hello, </body> </html>
1.5 集成MyBatis框架
首先,我们把集成MyBatis框架所需要的依赖包添加到pom.xml文件中,具体代码如下:
<properties> <spring.version>5.0.4.RELEASE</spring.version> <javax.servlet.version>4.0.0</javax.servlet.version> <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version> <mybatis.version>3.4.6</mybatis.version> <mysql.connector.java.version>8.0.9-rc</mysql.connector.java.version> <druid.version>1.1.9</druid.version> <mybatis.spring.version>1.3.2</mybatis.spring.version> </properties> <!--mybatis start --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.connector.java.version}</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>${druid.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!--mybatis end -->
这里用的是阿里巴巴druid数据源
其次,在/src/main/resources目录下创建jdbc.properties配置文件,具体代码如下:
//驱动
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
//mysql连接信息
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ssmpro?serverTimezone=GMT
//用户名
jdbc.username=root
//密码
jdbc.password=123456
jdbc.properties配置:主要配置驱动和连接数据库的配置信息。
最后,我们在applicationContext.xml配置文件添加如下的配置,具体代码如下
<!--1、配置数据库相关参数--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/> <!--2.数据源 druid --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" /> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> </bean> <!--3、配置SqlSessionFactory对象--> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <!--注入数据库连接池--> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!--扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件--> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/> </bean> <bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate"> <constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory" /> </bean> <!--扫描basePackage下所有以@MyBatisDao注解的接口 --> <bean id="mapperScannerConfigurer" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" /> <property name="basePackage" value="com.xjx.dao"/> </bean>
我们在/src/main/java/com.xjx.model目录下创建数据库表对应的实体类对象User,具体的代码如下:
public class User implements Serializable{ private Integer id; private String name; private String password; //省略set、get方法 }
实体类对象User创建完成之后,我们在/src/main/java/com.xjx.dao目录下创建对应的DAO对象UserDao,UserDao是一个接口,提供了findAll方法用来查询所有的用户。UserDao具体代码如下:
package com.xjx.dao; import com.xjx.model.User; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import java.util.List; @Repository public interface UserDao { List<User>findAll(); }
接口类UserDao创建完成之后,我们在/src/main/java/com.xjx.service目录下创建对应的服务层接口UserService,服务层接口UserService代码也非常简单,只提供了一个查询所有用户的方法findAll(),具体的代码如下:
package com.xjx.service; import com.xjx.model.User; import java.util.List; public interface UserService { List<User>findAll(); }
服务层接口UserService开发完成之后,我们在/src/main/java/com.xjx.service.impl开发对应的服务层实现类UserServiceImpl,实现类主要是注入UserDao接口,并实现findAll()方法,在findAll()方法中调用UserDao的findAll()方法,具体代码如下所示:
package com.xjx.service.impl; import com.xjx.dao.UserDao; import com.xjx.model.User; import com.xjx.service.UserService; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.util.List; @Service public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{ @Resource private UserDao UserDao; public List<User>findAll() { return UserDao.listAllUser(); } }
服务层实现类UserServiceImpl开发完成之后,我们在/src/main/java/com.xjx.controller目录下创建控制层类UserController,并注入服务层接口。UserController类只有一个findAll()方法。在UserController类上添加映射路径/user,在findAll()方法上添加映射路径/findAll。
package com.xjx.controller; import com.xjx.model.User; import com.xjx.service.UserService; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.Model; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import javax.annotation.Resource; import java.util.List; @Controller @RequestMapping(value = "/user") public class UserController { @Resource private UserService UserService; @GetMapping("/findAll") public String findAll(Model model){ List<User> UserList = UserService.findAll(); for(User User : UserList){ System.out.println("id: " + User.getId()); System.out.println("name: " + User.getName()); } return "hello"; } }
最后,我们在/src/main/resources目录下创建UserMapper.xml文件,具体代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.xjx.dao.UserDao"> <sql id="userField"> a.id as "id", a.name as "name", a.password as "password" </sql> <!--获取所有用户 --> <select id="findAll" resultType="com.xjx.model.User"> select <include refid="userField"/> from _user as a </select> </mapper>
1.6 集成Log4J框架
首先需要在pom.xml文件中引入所需的依赖,具体代码如下:
!-- log4j2 --> <properties> //省略部分代码 <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version> </properties> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency>
我们在项目的/src/main/java/resources/下创建配置文件log4j.properties,具体代码如下所示:
###set log levels
log4j.rootLogger = DEBUG,Console
###输出到控制台
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.Console.lout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLout
log4j.appender.Console.lout.ConversionPattern= %d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
1.7 集成Junit测试框架
首先,我们在项目的pom.xml配置文件中添加相关的依赖,具体代码如下:
<!-- junit --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency>
然后,我们在项目的/src/main/test/com.xjx.test目录下创建测试基类BaseJunit4Test,具体代码如下所示:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class BaseJunit4Test {
}
@RunWith:参数化运行器,用于指定Junit运行环境,是Junit提供给其它框架测试环境接口扩展,为了便于使用Spring的依赖注入,Spring提供了SpringJUnit4ClassRunner作为Junit测试环境。
BaseJunit4Test类开发完成之后,我们在/src/main/test/com.xjx.test目录下创建UserDaoTest测试类简单测试集成Junit框架是否成功,具体代码如下:
public class UserDaoTest extends BaseJunit4Test{ @Resource private UserDao UserDao; @Test public void testFindAll(){ List<User> userList = UserDao.findAll(); System.out.println(userList.size()); } }
最后,在src/main/test/com.xjx.test目录下创建SpringTest测试类,具体代码如下:
posted on 2019-08-06 13:58 CodeFish-Xiao 阅读(265) 评论(0) 编辑 收藏 举报