Linux CentOS 7.8安装MySQL5.7

CentOS和MySQL

• CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core)
• MySQL 5.7

1.安装MySQL源

# 下载
bash > wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
# 安装 MySQL 源
bash > yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm

　

2.检查源是否安装成功

bash > yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

 

页面输出信息表示源安装成功

mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                 165
mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                      115
mysql57-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.7 Community Server                 444

　　

 

3.使用yum install 命令安装MySQL

bash > yum install -y mysql-community-server

 

注：

1）如果提示：

“

The GPG keys listed for the “MySQL 5.7 Community Server” repository are already installed but they are not correct for this package.

Check that the correct key URLs are configured for this repository.

Failing package is: mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64

GPG Keys are configured as: file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

”

原因是Mysql的GPG升级了，需要重新获取，使用以下命令即可（参考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_48403611/article/details/122763479?share_token=95A15D15-BDB1-44A8-AA6E-73FBF8BE037E&tt_from=weixin&utm_source=weixin&utm_medium=toutiao_ios&utm_campaign=client_share&wxshare_count=1）

rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

4.启动MySQL服务

在CentOs7 下 启动/关闭/重启服务的命令是 systemctl start|stop|restart

bash > systemctl start mysqld

 

用systemctl status 命令查看服务运行状态

bash > systemctl status mysqld

 

● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 二 2020-07-28 21:09:44 CST; 57s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 25677 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 25628 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 25681 (mysqld)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─25681 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

7月 28 21:09:38 iZm5ebq5g3dxxmygidjc5cZ systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
7月 28 21:09:44 iZm5ebq5g3dxxmygidjc5cZ systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

　这里可看到MySQL 运行的状态 active (running)　

5.设置开机启动MySQL 服务

bash > systemctl enable mysqld
# 重载所有修改过的配置文件
bash > systemctl daemon-reload

 

重启ContOs 服务器测试.（没有问题）

6.查看MySQL默认密码

MySQL 安装完成之后，生成的默认密码在 /var/log/mysqld.log 文件中。使用 grep 命令找到日志中的密码。

bash > grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

查看初始密码

7.首次通过初始密码登录后，使用以下命令修改密码

bash > mysql -u root -p
#输入密码 
#执行修改密码语句.
bash > ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Vine@yyy1';

 

8.添加一个用于远程连接的账号,如Navicat

bash > GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'xianglin'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Xiang@lin!1996' WITH GRANT OPTION;
#Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) 

9.设置默认编码为 utf8

MySQL 安装后默认不支持中文，需要修改编码。

现在查看编码:

mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

 

修改 /etc/my.cnf 配置文件，在相关节点（没有则自行添加）下添加编码配置，如下：

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

　　

 

保存之后使用systemctl restart mysqld 查看编码。

mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

默认配置文件路径：

配置文件：/etc/my.cnf
日志文件：/var/log/mysqld.log
服务启动脚本：/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
socket文件：/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

转自：https://www.jianshu.com/p/19291fb17b99
来源：简书