一.通讯录功能：
1.添加一个人员
2.打印所有人员
3.删除一个人员
4.查找一个人员
5.保存文件
6.加载文件
二.产品方案：
人员存储的数据结构：链表
人员的信息：姓名，电话
文件存储的格式：name: xxx,phone: xxx
业务层：业务逻辑
接口层：add,del,search,travel,打包，解包
支持层：链表的增删查，read, write
三.编码实现顺序：
定义链表、通讯录 => 定义链表插入/删除操作 支持层 => 定义接口层、业务层
四.关于文件的操作：
说明书： man 3 fopen
fopen: FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "w") => 读写文件，"w"/"r"
fprintf: fprintf(fp, "name: %s,phone: %s\n", item->name, item->phone) => 使用fprintf写入缓存里
fflush: fflush(fp) => 将缓存信息加载入fp文件流指向的filename里
fgetc: int fgetc(fp) => 读入一个字符，读到文件末尾，返回EOF
feof: feof() tests the end-of-file indicator for the stream pointed to by stream, returning nonzero if it is set.
fgets: char *fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream) => 读入一行字符
fclose: fclose(fp) 关闭文件流
Code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define NAME_LENGTH 16
#define PHONE_LENGTH 32
#define BUFFER_LENGTH 128
#define MIN_TOKEN_LENGTH 5
#define INFO printf
//定义插入操作
//这里遇到一个小bug， 由于下面实现的时候， list传入的是一个二级指针，
//如果list->prev，由于->优先级是低于list这个*的，故应该使用小括号表示我们的优先级含义 (list)->prev
#define LIST_INSERT(item, list) do{ \
item->next = list; \
item->prev = NULL; \
if(list != NULL) (list)->prev = item; \
list = item; \
} while(0)
//定义删除操作
#define LIST_REMOVE(item, list) do{ \
if(item->prev != NULL) item->prev->next = item->next; \
if(item->next != NULL) item->next->prev = item->prev; \
if(item == list) list = (list)->next; \
item->next = item->prev = NULL; \
} while(0)
//定义个人信息
struct person{
char name[NAME_LENGTH];
char phone[PHONE_LENGTH];
struct person *prev;
struct person *next;
};
//定义通讯录
struct contacts{
struct person *people;
int count;
};
//枚举定义操作数
enum {
OPER_INSERT = 1,
OPER_PRINT,
OPER_DEL,
OPER_SEARCH,
OPER_SAVE,
OPER_LOAD
};
//定义架构接口层
//使用二级指针，进行修改操作
int person_insert(struct person **ppeople, struct person *ps) {
if(ps == NULL) return -1;
LIST_INSERT(ps, *ppeople);
return 0;
}
int person_delete(struct person **ppeople, struct person *ps) {
if(ps == NULL) return -1;
if(ppeople == NULL) return -2;
LIST_REMOVE(ps, *ppeople);
return 0;
}
struct person* person_search(struct person *people, const char *name) {
struct person *item = NULL;
for (item = people; item != NULL; item = item->next) {
if(strcmp(item->name, name) == 0)
break;
}
return item;
}
int person_travel(struct person *people) {
int ct = 0;
for (struct person *item = people; item != NULL; item = item->next) {
// name: xxx,phone: xxx
INFO("%d > name: %s,phone: %s\n", ++ct, item->name, item->phone);
}
return 0;
}
int save_file(struct person *people, const char *filename) {
//把当前所有人员写入filename里
FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "w");
for (struct person *item = people; item != NULL; item = item->next) {
// 使用fprintf写入缓存里
fprintf(fp, "name: %s,phone: %s\n", item->name, item->phone);
// 将缓存信息加载入filename里
fflush(fp);
}
fclose(fp);
}
int parser_token(char *buffer, int length, char *name, char *phone) {
//以' '和','来作为name的首尾标识符 以' '读到最后作为phone的读取策略
if(length < MIN_TOKEN_LENGTH) return -2;
int i = 0, j = 0, status = 0;
for (i = 0; i < length && buffer[i] != ','; i ++ ) {
if(buffer[i] == ' ') {
status = 1;
} else if(status == 1) {
name[j ++] = buffer[i];
}
}
j = 0;
status = 0;
for (; i < length; i ++ ) {
if(buffer[i] == ' ') {
status = 1;
} else if(status == 1 && buffer[i] != '\n') {
phone[j ++] = buffer[i];
}
}
INFO("## File Token: %s %s\n", name, phone);
return 0;
}
int load_file(struct person **ppeople, const char *filename, int *count) {
//从filename文件里，加载人员信息至people这个链表里，并修改通讯录人数count
FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "r");
if(fp == NULL) return -1;
while(!feof(fp)) {
char buffer[BUFFER_LENGTH] = {0};
fgets(buffer, BUFFER_LENGTH, fp); //读入一行
int len = strlen(buffer);
INFO("##length : %d\n", len);
//name: xxx,phone: xxx
char name[NAME_LENGTH] = {0};
char phone[PHONE_LENGTH] = {0};
if(parser_token(buffer, len, name, phone) != 0) {
//buffer不够MIN_TOKEN_LENGTH
continue;
}
struct person* p = (struct person*)malloc(sizeof(struct person));
if(p == NULL) return -2;
// p->name = name, p->phone = phone;
memcpy(p->name, name, NAME_LENGTH);
memcpy(p->phone, phone, PHONE_LENGTH);
person_insert(ppeople, p);
(*count) ++;
//添加成功
}
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}
// 接口层 END
// 开始实现业务层:逻辑实现
int insert_entry(struct contacts *cts) {
//插入一个人员，需要用户输入name,phone，然后使用接口层的插入操作
if(cts == NULL) return -1;
//定义一个待插入的person成员
struct person *p = (struct person*)malloc(sizeof(struct person));
if(p == NULL) return -2;
memset(p, 0, sizeof(struct person)); //初始化
INFO("Please Input Name\n");
scanf("%s", p->name);
INFO("Please Input Phone\n");
scanf("%s", p->phone);
//int person_insert(struct person **ppeople, struct penson *ps) 插入
if(person_insert(&cts->people, p) != 0) {
free(p);
return -3;
}
cts->count ++;
INFO("Insert Successful!\n");
return 0;
}
int print_entry(struct contacts *cts) {
if(cts == NULL) return -1;
INFO("现有的人数: %d\n", cts->count);
person_travel(cts->people);
return 0;
}
int delete_entry(struct contacts *cts) {
//删除一个人员，需要用户输入name，然后先search该人员节点，然后delete该节点
if(cts == NULL) return -1;
INFO("Please Input Name\n");
char name[NAME_LENGTH] = {0};
scanf("%s", name);
// struct person* person_search(struct person *people, const char *name); 查找
struct person* ps = person_search(cts->people, name);
if(ps == NULL) {
INFO("Person don't exist\n");
return -2;
}
// int person_delete(struct person **ppeople, struct person *ps); 删除
INFO("name: %s,phone: %s\n", ps->name, ps->phone);
if(person_delete(&cts->people, ps) != 0) {
INFO("Delete Error\n");
return -2;
}
free(ps);
cts->count --;
INFO("Delete Successful!\n");
return 0;
}
int search_entry(struct contacts *cts) {
//查找一个人员，需要用户输入name，然后先search该人员节点，然后输出
if (cts == NULL) return -1;
INFO("Please Input Name : \n");
char name[NAME_LENGTH] = {0};
scanf("%s", name);
// person
struct person *ps = person_search(cts->people, name);
if (ps == NULL) {
INFO("Person don't Exit\n");
return -2;
}
INFO("name: %s,phone: %s\n", ps->name, ps->phone);
return 0;
}
int save_entry(struct contacts *cts) {
if(cts == NULL) return -1;
INFO("Please Input filename\n");
char filename[NAME_LENGTH] = {0};
scanf("%s", filename);
save_file(cts->people, filename);
return 0;
}
int load_entry(struct contacts *cts) {
if(cts == NULL) return -1;
INFO("Please Input filename\n");
char filename[NAME_LENGTH] = {0};
scanf("%s", filename);
load_file(&cts->people, filename, &cts->count);
return 0;
}
void menu_info() {
INFO("\n\n********************************************************\n");
INFO("***** 1. Add Person\t\t2. Print People ********\n");
INFO("***** 3. Del Person\t\t4. Search Person *******\n");
INFO("***** 5. Save People\t\t6. Load People *********\n");
INFO("***** Other Key for Exiting Program ********************\n");
INFO("********************************************************\n\n");
}
int main() {
struct contacts *cts = (struct contacts*)malloc(sizeof(struct contacts));
if(cts == NULL) return -1;
memset(cts, 0, sizeof(struct contacts));
while(1) {
menu_info();
int op;
scanf("%d", &op);
switch (op) {
case OPER_INSERT:
insert_entry(cts);
break;
case OPER_PRINT:
print_entry(cts);
break;
case OPER_DEL:
delete_entry(cts);
break;
case OPER_SEARCH:
search_entry(cts);
break;
case OPER_SAVE:
save_entry(cts);
break;
case OPER_LOAD:
load_entry(cts);
break;
default:
goto exit;
}
}
exit:
free(cts);
return 0;
}
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