GUI编程(附贪吃蛇代码)
GUI编程
组件
- 窗口
- 弹窗
- 面板
- 文本框
- 列表框
- 按钮
- 图片
- 监听事件
- 鼠标
- 键盘事件
- 破解工具
1.简介
GUI的核心技术：Swing AWT
1.因为界面不美观
2.需要JRE 环境
为什么我们要学习？
- 可以写小工具
- 了解MVC架构，了解监听
2.AWT
1.介绍
-
包含了很多类和接口
-
元素 窗口
2.Frame
setsize()
setLocation()
SetBackground()
set.Layout
3.Panel
不能单独存在，可以看作一个空间
4.布局管理器
- 流式
- 东西南北中
- 表格布局
5.事件监听
要建立一个ActionListener类， 然后Button.add(ActionListener).
6.输入框 TextField 监听
7.简易计算器
1.目前代码
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator();
}
}
//计算机类
class Calculator extends Frame{
public Calculator(){
TextField num1 = new TextField(10);
TextField num2 = new TextField(10);
TextField num3 = new TextField(10);
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3));
//一个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
private TextField num1,num2,num3;
public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3){
this.num1=num1;
this.num2=num2;
this.num3=num3;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//获得加数和被加数
int n1=Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2=Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
2.内部类
public class TestCalc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator().loadFrame();
}
}
//计算机类
class Calculator extends Frame{
TextField num1,num2,num3;
public void loadFrame(){
num1 = new TextField(10);
num2 = new TextField(10);
num3 = new TextField(10);
Button button = new Button("=");
//一个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//获得加数和被加数
int n1=Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2=Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
}
8.画笔
public class TestPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyPaint().loadFrame();
}
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
public void loadFrame(){
setBounds(200,200,600,600);
setVisible(true);
}
public void paint(Graphics g){
//super.paint(g);
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.fillOval(100,100,200,200);//实心圆
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.fillRect(200,200,100,100);
//画笔用完要还原原来的颜色
}
}
9.鼠标监听
public class TestMouseListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame("paint");
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
ArrayList points;
public MyFrame(String title){
super(title);
setBounds(200,200,400,300);
//存鼠标点击的点
points=new ArrayList();
setVisible(true);
//鼠标监听器
this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
}
public void paint(Graphics g){
//画画，监听鼠标的事件
Iterator iterator=points.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()){
Point point=(Point) iterator.next();
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10 );
}
}
//添加一个点到界面上
public void addPaint(Point point){
points.add(point);
}
private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
MyFrame frame=(MyFrame) e.getSource();
//添加点
frame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
frame.repaint();//刷新
}
}
}
10.窗口监听
public class TestWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new WindowFrame();
}
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
public WindowFrame(){
setBackground(Color.red);
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
setVisible(true);
//addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("WindowClosing");
System.exit(0);
}
@Override
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
WindowFrame sourse=(WindowFrame) e.getSource();
sourse.setTitle("被激活了");
System.out.println("windowActivated");
}
});
}
/*class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter{
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
setVisible(false);//隐藏窗口
System.exit(0);//正常退出
}
}*/
}
11.键盘监听
public class TestKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyFrame();
}
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
public KeyFrame() {
setBounds(100,100,200,200);
setVisible(true);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
//获得键盘按下的键,不需要去记录这个数值，直接使用静态属性
int keyCode=e.getKeyCode();
System.out.println(keyCode);
if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
System.out.println("你按下了上键");
}
if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
System.out.println("你按下了右键");
}
}
});
}
}
3.Swing
1.窗口
public class JFrameDemo {
public void init(){
//顶级窗口
JFrame frame=new JFrame("这个是一个JFrame");
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
//设置文字 label
JLabel label=new JLabel("Welcome");
frame.add(label);
//文本水平居中
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
//关闭事件
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//建立一个窗口
new JFrameDemo().init();
}
}
2.弹窗
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
public DialogDemo(){
setVisible(true);
setSize(500,400);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//JFrame 放东西，容器
Container container=getContentPane();
//绝对布局
container.setLayout(null);
//按钮
JButton button=new JButton("11111");
button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);
//点击这个按钮的时候，弹出一个窗口
button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//弹窗
new MyDialog();
}
});
container.add(button);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new DialogDemo();
}
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialog extends JDialog{
public MyDialog(){
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(1000,100,500,500);
Container container=this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(null);
container.add(new Label("welcome to JDialog"));
}
}
3.标签
label
new JLabel("xxx");
图标 Icon
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {
private int width;
private int height;
public IconDemo() throws HeadlessException {
}
public IconDemo(int width, int height) throws HeadlessException {
this.width = width;
this.height=height;
}
public void init(){
IconDemo iconDemo=new IconDemo(15,15);
//图标放在标签，也可以放在按钮上
JLabel label = new JLabel("icocntest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
contentPane.add(label);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
@Override
public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
}
@Override
public int getIconWidth() {
return this.width;
}
@Override
public int getIconHeight() {
return this.height;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new IconDemo().init();
}
}
图片 Image
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame{
public ImageIconDemo(){
//获取图片的地址
JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("qq.jpg");
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);//
label.setIcon( imageIcon);
label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container container=getContentPane();
container.add(label);
setVisible(true);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100,100,400,400);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new ImageIconDemo();
}
}
4.面板
public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
public JPanelDemo(){
Container container=this.getContentPane();
container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));
//创建面板
JPanel panel1=new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
//添加button
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
panel1.add(new JButton("1"));
container.add(panel1);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,500);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JPanelDemo();
}
}
JScrollPanel
public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
public JScrollDemo(){
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea textArea=new JTextArea(20,30);
textArea.setText("王志文你最牛");
//Scroll 面板
JScrollPane scrollPane=new JScrollPane(textArea);
contentPane.add(scrollPane);
setVisible(true);
setBounds(100,100,400,400);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JScrollDemo();
}
}
5.按钮
图片按钮
public class JButtonDemo1 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo1(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变为图标
URL resource = JButtonDemo1.class.getResource("qq.jpg");
Icon icon=new ImageIcon(resource);
//把这个图片放在按钮上
JButton button=new JButton();
button.setIcon(icon);
button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");
//add
container.add(button);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(4000,400);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo1();
}
}
单选框
public class JButtonDemo2 extends JFrame{
public JButtonDemo2(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变为图标
URL resource = JButtonDemo1.class.getResource("qq.jpg");
Icon icon=new ImageIcon(resource);
//单选框
JRadioButton button1 = new JRadioButton("Button1");
JRadioButton button2 = new JRadioButton("Button1");
JRadioButton button3 = new JRadioButton("Button1");
ButtonGroup group=new ButtonGroup();
group.add(button1);
group.add(button2);
group.add(button3);
//add
container.add(button1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
container.add(button2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
container.add(button3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(4000,400);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo2();
}
}
复选框
package Day3;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo3 extends JFrame{
public JButtonDemo3(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//将一个图片变为图标
URL resource = JButtonDemo1.class.getResource("qq.jpg");
Icon icon=new ImageIcon(resource);
//多选框
JCheckBox checkBox1=new JCheckBox("1");
JCheckBox checkBox2=new JCheckBox("2");
//add
container.add(checkBox1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
container.add(checkBox2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(4000,400);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Day3.JButtonDemo3();
}
}
6.列表
下拉框
package Day3;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
/**
* ClassName: TestComboboxDemo1
* Description:
*
* @author: wzw
* @create: 2024/1/7 20:18
*/
public class TestComboboxDemo1 extends JFrame {
public TestComboboxDemo1(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
JComboBox status=new JComboBox();
status.addItem(null);
status.addItem("正在热映");
status.addItem("已下架");
status.addItem("即将上映");
container.add(status);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(400,400);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo1();
}
}
列表框
package Day3;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class TestComboboxDemo2 extends JFrame {
public TestComboboxDemo2(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
String[] contents={"1","2","3"};
JList jList = new JList(contents);
container.add(jList);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(400,400);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestComboboxDemo2();
}
}
7.文本框
文本框，密码框，文本域
public class TestTextDemo1 extends JFrame {
public TestTextDemo1(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
/*文本框
JTextField textField = new JTextField("111");
密码框
JPasswordField textField = new JPasswordField("mima");
*/
TextArea textArea = new TextArea(20, 40);
textArea.setText("wzw");
container.add(textArea,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
setVisible(true);
setSize(400,400);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new TestTextDemo1();
}
}
贪吃蛇
帧，如果时间片足够小，就是动画，拆开就是静态的图片
键盘监听
定时器
主页面
package snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class StartGame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JFrame frame=new JFrame();
frame.setBounds(500,200,900,720);
frame.setResizable(false);//窗口大小不可变
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new GamePanel());
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
面板
package snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener , ActionListener {
//定义蛇的数据结构
int length;//蛇的长度
int[] snakeX=new int[600];// 蛇的x坐标
int[] snakeY=new int[500];// 蛇的y坐标
String direction;//方向
//食物的坐标
int foodx;
int foody;
//游戏当前的状态：开始 停止
boolean isStart=false;
//是否失败
boolean isFail=false;
//游戏积分
int score=0;
//定时器 以ms为单位
Timer timer=new Timer(100,this);//100毫秒执行一次
//构造器
public GamePanel(){
init();
this.setFocusable(true);
this.addKeyListener(this);//获得键盘监听事件
timer.start();
}
//初始化
public void init(){
length=3;
snakeX[0]=150; snakeY[0]=100;
snakeX[1]=125; snakeY[1]=100;
snakeX[2]=100; snakeY[2]=100;
direction="R";
foodx=25+25*(new Random().nextInt(34));
foody=75+25*(new Random().nextInt(24));
score=0;
}
//绘制面板
public void paint(Graphics g){
if(ui!=null){
Graphics graphics=(g==null)?null:g.create();
try{
ui.update(graphics,this);
}
finally {
graphics.dispose();
}
}
//绘制静态面板
this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);//头部
g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);
//画积分
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,20));
g.drawString("长度"+length,750,30);
g.drawString("分数"+score,750,50);
//画食物
Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodx,foody);
//把小蛇画上去
if(direction.equals("R"))
Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
else if(direction.equals("L"))
Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
else if(direction.equals("U"))
Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
else if(direction.equals("D"))
Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);
for(int i=1;i<length;i++){
Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);
}
//游戏状态
if(isStart==false){
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
//设置字体
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏",300,300);
}
if(isFail==true){
g.setColor(Color.RED);
//设置字体
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
g.drawString("游戏失败",300,300);
}
}
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
//获取空格
if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){
if(isFail){
isFail=false;
init();
}
isStart=!isStart;
repaint();
}
if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_UP){
direction="U";
}else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
direction="D";
}else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
direction="R";
}else if(keyCode==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
direction="L";
}
}
@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}
//事件监听-----通过
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if(isStart&&isFail==false){ //如果游戏是开始状态
//吃食物
if(snakeX[0]==foodx&&snakeY[0]==foody){
length++;//长度+1
score+=10;//分数+10
foodx=25+25*(new Random().nextInt(34));
foody=75+25*(new Random().nextInt(24));
}
//移动
for(int i=length-1;i>0;i--){// 后一节移到前一节的位置
snakeX[i]=snakeX[i-1];
snakeY[i]=snakeY[i-1];
}
//走向
if(direction.equals("R")){ //右
snakeX[0]+=25;
if(snakeX[0]>850) snakeX[0]=25;
}else if(direction.equals("L")){ //左
snakeX[0]-=25;
if(snakeX[0]<25) snakeX[0]=850;
}
else if(direction.equals("U")){ //上
snakeY[0]-=25;
if(snakeY[0]<75) snakeY[0]=650;
}
else if(direction.equals("D")){ //下
snakeY[0]+=25;
if(snakeY[0]>650) snakeY[0]=75;
}
//失败判定
for(int i=1;i<length;i++){
if(snakeY[0]==snakeY[i]&&snakeX[0]==snakeX[i])
isFail=true;
}
repaint();
}
timer.start();//定时器开启
}
}
//键盘监听器
数据
package snake;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class Data {
public static URL headerURL=Data.class.getResource("header.png");
public static ImageIcon header=new ImageIcon(headerURL);
//头部：上下左右
public static URL upURL=Data.class.getResource("up.png");
public static ImageIcon up=new ImageIcon(upURL);
public static URL downURL=Data.class.getResource("down.png");
public static ImageIcon down=new ImageIcon(downURL);
public static URL leftURL=Data.class.getResource("left.png");
public static ImageIcon left=new ImageIcon(leftURL);
public static URL rightURL=Data.class.getResource("right.png");
public static ImageIcon right=new ImageIcon(rightURL);
//身体
public static URL bodyURL=Data.class.getResource("body.png");
public static ImageIcon body=new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
//食物
public static URL foodURL=Data.class.getResource("food.png");
public static ImageIcon food=new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}
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