我的Python之路-day11
一、paramiko模块
该模块基于SSH用于连接远程服务器并执行相关操作
SSHClient
用语连接远程服务器，并执行基本命令
基于用户名密码连接：
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import paramiko #创建ssh对象 ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() #允许连接不再know_hosts文件中的主机 ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) #连接服务器 ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.2.62',port=22,username='root',password='redhat') #执行命令 stdin,stdout,stderr = ssh.exec_command('df -Th ') #获取命令结果 result = stdout.read() #打印反馈回来的结果 print result #关闭连接 ssh.close()
执行结果：
C:\Python27\python.exe "C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/Python S11/day11/para.py" Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 ext4 71G 4.8G 63G 8% / tmpfs tmpfs 495M 0 495M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 ext4 194M 25M 159M 14% /boot Process finished with exit code 0
SSHClient 封装 Transport
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import paramiko transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.2.62', 22)) transport.connect(username='root', password='redhat') ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = transport stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ifconfig eht0') print stdout.read() transport.close()
执行结果：
C:\Python27\python.exe "C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/Python S11/day11/para.py" eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:1D:61:FC inet addr:192.168.2.62 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe1d:61fc/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:9534 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:728 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:783649 (765.2 KiB) TX bytes:64004 (62.5 KiB) Process finished with exit code 0
基于公钥密钥连接
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import paramiko keys = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/zhanglei/.ssh/id_rsa') #创建ssh对象 ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() #允许连接不再know_hosts文件中的主机 ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) #连接服务器 ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.2.62',port=22,username='root',pkey = keys) #执行命令 stdin,stdout,stderr = ssh.exec_command('df -Th ') #获取命令结果 result = stdout.read() #打印反馈回来的结果 print result #关闭连接 ssh.close()
SSHClient 基于公钥密钥封装 Transport
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import paramiko
keys = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/zhanglei/.ssh/id_rsa')
transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.2.62', 22))
transport.connect(username='zhanglei',pkey = keys)
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh._transport = transport
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('ifconfig eht0')
print stdout.read() transport.close()
SFTPClient：用于连接远程服务器执行上传下载
基于用户名密码上传下载
import paramiko transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.2.62',22)) transport.connect(username='root',password='redhat') sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py') # 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path') transport.close()
基于公钥密钥上传下载
import paramiko private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/zhanglei/.ssh/id_rsa') transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.2.62', 22)) transport.connect(username='zhanglei', pkey=private_key ) sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py sftp.put('/tmp/location.py', '/tmp/test.py') # 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path sftp.get('remove_path', 'local_path') transport.close()
使用paramiko上传等操作文件demo
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import paramiko import uuid class Haproxy(object): def __init__(self): self.host = '192.168.2.62' self.port = 22 self.username = 'zhanglei' self.pwd = 'zhanglei' self.__k = None def create_file(self): file_name = str(uuid.uuid4()) with open(file_name,'w') as f: f.write('nb') return file_name def run(self): self.connect() self.upload() self.rename() self.close() def connect(self): transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port)) transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd) self.__transport = transport def close(self): self.__transport.close() def upload(self): # 连接，上传 file_name = self.create_file() sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport) # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py sftp.put(file_name, '/home/zhanglei/t.py') def rename(self): ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = self.__transport # 执行命令 stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('mv /home/wupeiqi/t.py /home/zhanglei/o.py') # 获取命令结果 result = stdout.read() ha = Haproxy() ha.run()
二、堡垒机的初步实现
实现思路：（盗取武sir的图片）
堡垒机执行流程：
1、管理员为用户在服务器上创建帐号（将公钥放置在服务器，或者用户名和密码）
2、用户登录堡垒机，输入堡垒机的用户名和密码，显示当前用户管理的服务器列表
3、用户选择服务器，并自动登录
4、执行操作，并记录用户的操作记录
注：配置.brashrc实现ssh登陆后自动执行脚本，如：/home/zhanglei/menus.py
过程：
用户登录实现：
import getpass user = raw_input('username:') pwd = getpass.getpass('password') if user == 'zhanglei' and pwd == '123': print '登陆成功' else: print '登陆失败'
根据用户获取相关服务器列表：
dic = { 'alex': [ '1.1.1.1', '2.2.2.2', '3.3.3.3', ], 'zhanglei': [ '4.4.4.4', ] } host_list = dic['alex'] print 'please select:' for index, item in enumerate(host_list, 1): print index, item inp = raw_input('your select (No):') inp = int(inp) hostname = host_list[inp-1] port = 22
根据用户名、私钥登陆服务器：
tran = paramiko.Transport((hostname, port,)) tran.start_client() default_path = os.path.join(os.environ['HOME'], '.ssh', 'id_rsa') key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(default_path) tran.auth_publickey('zhanglei', key) # 打开一个通道 chan = tran.open_session() # 获取一个终端 chan.get_pty() # 激活器 chan.invoke_shell() ######### # 利用sys.stdin,肆意妄为执行操作 # 用户在终端输入内容，并将内容发送至远程服务器 # 远程服务器执行命令，并将结果返回 # 用户终端显示内容 ######### chan.close() tran.close()
三、数据库基本操作
SQL基本使用：
1、数据库操作
show databases; 显示数据库里面的数据库
use databasename;使用数据库
create databasename; 建立一个数据库
2、数据表操作
show tables;
create table students ( id int not null auto_increment primary key, name char(8) not null, sex char(4) not null, age tinyint unsigned not null, tel char(13) null default "-" ); 3、数据操作
增加数据：
insert into students(name,sex,age,tel) values('alex','man',18,'123456789'); 删除数据：
delete from students where id =2; 更新数据：
update students set name = 'sb' where id =1; 查询数据：
select * from students四、python操作数据库
1、插入数据
1 import MySQLdb 2 3 conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='redhat',db='mydb') 4 5 cur = conn.cursor() 6 7 reCount = cur.execute('insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%s,%s)',('zhanglei','usa')) 8 # reCount = cur.execute('insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%(id)s, %(name)s)',{'id':12345,'name':'zhanglei'}) 9 10 conn.commit() 11 12 cur.close() 13 conn.close() 14 15 print reCount
2、删除数据
import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='redhat',db='mydb') cur = conn.cursor() reCount = cur.execute('delete from UserInfo') conn.commit() cur.close() conn.close() print reCount
3、修改数据
import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='redhat',db='mydb') cur = conn.cursor() reCount = cur.execute('update UserInfo set Name = %s',('zhangsan',)) conn.commit() cur.close() conn.close() print reCount
4、查询数据
1 # ############################## fetchone/fetchmany(num) ############################## 2 3 import MySQLdb 4 5 conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='redhat',db='mydb') 6 cur = conn.cursor() 7 8 reCount = cur.execute('select * from UserInfo') 9 10 print cur.fetchone() 11 print cur.fetchone() 12 cur.scroll(-1,mode='relative') 13 print cur.fetchone() 14 print cur.fetchone() 15 cur.scroll(0,mode='absolute') 16 print cur.fetchone() 17 print cur.fetchone() 18 19 cur.close() 20 conn.close() 21 22 print reCount 23 24 25 26 # ############################## fetchall ############################## 27 28 import MySQLdb 29 30 conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='redhat',db='mydb') 31 #cur = conn.cursor(cursorclass = MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor) 32 cur = conn.cursor() 33 34 reCount = cur.execute('select Name,Address from UserInfo') 35 36 nRet = cur.fetchall() 37 38 cur.close() 39 conn.close() 40 41 print reCount 42 print nRet 43 for i in nRet: 44 print i[0],i[1]
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