SpringBoot启动原理 & 自定义starter
SpringBoot启动原理
启动流程
创建SpringApplication对象
initialize(sources);
private void initialize(Object[] sources) {
//保存主配置类
if (sources != null && sources.length > 0) {
this.sources.addAll(Arrays.asList(sources));
}
//判断当前是否一个web应用
this.webEnvironment = deduceWebEnvironment();
//从类路径下找到META-INF/spring.factories配置的所有ApplicationContextInitializer;然后保存起来
setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(
ApplicationContextInitializer.class));
//从类路径下找到ETA-INF/spring.factories配置的所有ApplicationListener
setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));
//从多个配置类中找到有main方法的主配置类
this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();
}
运行run方法
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
stopWatch.start();
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
configureHeadlessProperty();
//获取SpringApplicationRunListeners;从类路径下META-INF/spring.factories
SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
//回调所有的获取SpringApplicationRunListener.starting()方法
listeners.starting();
try {
//封装命令行参数
ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
args);
//准备环境
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
applicationArguments);
//创建环境完成后回调SpringApplicationRunListener.environmentPrepared();表示环境准备完成
Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
//创建ApplicationContext;决定创建web的ioc还是普通的ioc
context = createApplicationContext();
analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
//准备上下文环境;将environment保存到ioc中;而且applyInitializers();
//applyInitializers():回调之前保存的所有的ApplicationContextInitializer的initialize方法
//回调所有的SpringApplicationRunListener的contextPrepared();
//
prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
printedBanner);
//prepareContext运行完成以后回调所有的SpringApplicationRunListener的contextLoaded();
//s刷新容器;ioc容器初始化(如果是web应用还会创建嵌入式的Tomcat);Spring注解版
//扫描,创建,加载所有组件的地方;(配置类,组件,自动配置)
refreshContext(context);
//从ioc容器中获取所有的ApplicationRunner和CommandLineRunner进行回调
//ApplicationRunner先回调,CommandLineRunner再回调
afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
//所有的SpringApplicationRunListener回调finished方法
listeners.finished(context, null);
stopWatch.stop();
if (this.logStartupInfo) {
new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
.logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
}
//整个SpringBoot应用启动完成以后返回启动的ioc容器;
return context;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex);
throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
}
}
事件监听机制
配置META-INF
配置在META-INF/spring.factories (在resources目录下创建META-INF,将spring.factoties文件放到该目录下)
ApplicationContextInitializer
public class HelloApplicationContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {
@Override
public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
System.out.println("ApplicationContextInitializer...initialize..."+applicationContext);
}
}
SpringApplicationRunListener
public class HelloSpringApplicationRunListener implements SpringApplicationRunListener {
//必须有的构造器
public HelloSpringApplicationRunListener(SpringApplication application, String[] args){
}
@Override
public void starting() {
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...starting...");
}
@Override
public void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
Object o = environment.getSystemProperties().get("os.name");
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...environmentPrepared.."+o);
}
@Override
public void contextPrepared(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...contextPrepared...");
}
@Override
public void contextLoaded(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...contextLoaded...");
}
@Override
public void finished(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception) {
System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...finished...");
}
}
配置(META-INF/spring.factories)
org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=\ com.atguigu.springboot.listener.HelloApplicationContextInitializer // 自己定义的监听器的全类名 org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListener=\ com.atguigu.springboot.listener.HelloSpringApplicationRunListener // 自己定义的监听器的全类名
放IOC容器
下面几个不用再sping.factories中注册,只需要将自己定义的Runner放在ioc容器中即可
ApplicationRunner
@Component
public class HelloApplicationRunner implements ApplicationRunner {
@Override
public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
System.out.println("ApplicationRunner...run....");
}
}
CommandLineRunner
@Component
public class HelloCommandLineRunner implements CommandLineRunner {
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
System.out.println("CommandLineRunner...run..."+ Arrays.asList(args));
}
}
自定义starter
自定义starter需要注意的两个问题
-
这个场景需要使用的依赖是什么
-
如何编写自动配置
结合SpringBoot自动配置的经验大致要做的事情有下面这些:
@Configuration //指定这个类是一个配置类 @ConditionalOnXXX //在指定条件成立的情况下自动配置类生效 @AutoConfigureAfter //指定自动配置类的顺序 @Bean //给容器中添加组件 @ConfigurationPropertie结合相关xxxProperties类来绑定相关的配置 @EnableConfigurationProperties //让xxxProperties生效加入到容器中 自动配置类要能加载 将需要启动就加载的自动配置类,配置在META-INF/spring.factories org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\ org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\
模式
启动器只用来做依赖导入
专门来写一个自动配置模块
启动器依赖自动配置模块,别人只需要引入启动器(starter)
命名规则
推荐使用以下命名规则:
- 官方命名
-
前缀:”spring-boot-starter-”
-
模式:spring-boot-starter-模块名
-
举例:spring-boot-starter-web、spring-boot-starter-jdbc
-
- 自定义命名
-
后缀:”-spring-boot-starter”
-
模式:模块名-spring-boot-starter
-
举例:mybatis-spring-boot-starter
-
自定义starter
首先建立两个项目,
一个做启动器,什么都不写,只导入关于配置组件的依赖
另一个项目做配置模块
启动器
只需要在第一个项目中的pom.xml文件中引入配置组件的依赖即可,同时删掉build跟test依赖。其他的任何操作都不需要
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.jinxin.starter</groupId>
<artifactId>jinxin-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<!-- 引入自动配置模块 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.jinxin.starter</groupId>
<artifactId>jinxin-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigure</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
配置模块
首先在pom.xml中引入springboot的starter,这是所有的starter的基本配置
<dependencies>
<!-- 引入springboot的starter:所有starter的基本配置 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
然后创建一个xxxProperties类用来放配置参数
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "jinxin.hello")
public class HelloProperties {
private String prefix;
private String surfix;
public String getPrefix() {
return prefix;
}
public void setPrefix(String prefix) {
this.prefix = prefix;
}
public String getSurfix() {
return surfix;
}
public void setSurfix(String surfix) {
this.surfix = surfix;
}
}
然后创建xxxAutoConfiguration用作自动配置类,并自动配置刚刚的xxxProperties类,并给xxxService设置上导入的xxxProperties类
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication // web应用才生效
@EnableConfigurationProperties(HelloProperties.class) // 让这个属性文件生效
public class HelloServiceAutoConfiguration {
@Autowired
HelloProperties helloProperties;
@Bean
public HelloService helloService(){
HelloService helloService = new HelloService();
helloService.setHelloProperties(helloProperties);
return helloService;
}
}
创建xxxService类用作业务实现类
public class HelloService {
HelloProperties helloProperties;
public String sayHello(String name){
return helloProperties.getPrefix() + "-" + name + "-" + helloProperties.getSurfix();
}
public HelloProperties getHelloProperties() {
return helloProperties;
}
public void setHelloProperties(HelloProperties helloProperties) {
this.helloProperties = helloProperties;
}
}
在resources下创建META-INF目录,并创建spring.factories,并配置刚刚的xxxAutoConfiguration类
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\ com.jinxin.starter.HelloServiceAutoConfiguration
这样一个starter就配置好了,然后将这两个包安装(Install)到Maven仓库即可
测试starter
重新创建一个项目,导入刚刚的starter的依赖
<!-- 引入自定义的starter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.jinxin.starter</groupId>
<artifactId>jinxin-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
使用starter中的xxxService
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
HelloService helloService;
@GetMapping("/hello")
public String hello(){
return helloService.sayHello("hahahaha");
}
}
在配置文件中设置xxxProperties的参数
jinxin.hello.prefix=Jinxin jinxin.hello.surfix=HELLO WORLD

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