django 简易版搭建

1、根目录下创建mysql.cnf文件

[client]
database = identimg
user = root
password = root
host = 127.0.0.1
port = 3306
default-character-set = utf8

2、修改settings.py

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'OPTIONS': {
            'read_default_file': os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"mysql.cnf"),
            'init_command': "SET sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES'",
        },
        # 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

3、更新pip 

//  卸载
pip uninstall pip
// 重新安装
easy_install pip

pip -V

// 安装mysql驱动，
pip install mysqlclient     最近装了一次，竟然一直不成功。 555 ~ pip install mysqlclient==1.3.10  这样却是成功的

// 生成数据库表
python manage.py migrate

// 创建 polls应用 
python manage.py startapp polls
// settings.py 中 添加应用
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'polls.apps.PollsConfig',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

// polls下创建urls.py

from django.urls import path
from .SpeakM import test

urlpatterns = [
    path('speak',test)
]

// 修改项目目录下的urls.py 为

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('api/',include('apiService.urls'))
]

// 创建模型
from django.db import models
//  polls/models.py 中

class Question(models.Model):
    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')


class Choice(models.Model):
    question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)

//  创建数据迁移
 python manage.py makemigrations polls

//   数据迁移对应的 sql
python manage.py sqlmigrate polls 0001

// 再次数据迁移
python manage.py migrate

 

 

总结数据库操作流程

• 编辑 models.py 文件，改变模型。
• 运行 python manage.py makemigrations 为模型的改变生成迁移文件。
• 运行 python manage.py migrate 来应用数据库迁移

创建管理员账号

 

python manage.py createsuperuser

// 在 polls/admin.py 中，将Question加入管理

from django.contrib import admin

from .models import Question

admin.site.register(Question)

 创建测试

//  将下面的代码写入 polls 应用里的 tests.py 文件内：

import datetime

from django.test import TestCase
from django.utils import timezone

from .models import Question


class QuestionModelTests(TestCase):

     # 测试方法必须test 开头
    def test_was_published_recently_with_future_question(self):
        """
        was_published_recently() returns False for questions whose pub_date
        is in the future.
        """
        time = timezone.now() + datetime.timedelta(days=30)
        future_question = Question(pub_date=time)
        self.assertIs(future_question.was_published_recently(), False)

运行测试

python manage.py test polls

## 结果
Creating test database for alias 'default'...
System check identified no issues (0 silenced).
F
======================================================================
FAIL: test_was_published_recently_with_future_question (polls.tests.QuestionModelTests)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/path/to/mysite/polls/tests.py", line 16, in test_was_published_recently_with_future_question
    self.assertIs(future_question.was_published_recently(), False)
AssertionError: True is not False

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s

FAILED (failures=1)
Destroying test database for alias 'default'...