OpenLDAP安装与配置

OpenLDAP安装与配置

初始化安装环境

sed -i '/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service

为了避免单点故障，通常都会采用双机环境。使用OpenLDAP复制同步功能，保持Master与Slave的数据一致性
Ldap Master ： 提供所有的更新、修改
Ldap Slave ： 提供给各种应用（jira, zabbix, svn ...）调用

安装OpenLDAP

yum -y install openldap compat-openldap openldap-clients openldap-servers openldap-servers-sql openldap-devel migrationtools
# 查看Ldap版本
slapd -VV

启动OpenLDAP

systemctl enable slapd
systemctl start slapd
systemctl status slapd

配置OpenLDAP

设置OpenLDAP的管理员密码

slappasswd -s LDAP@2018

加密后的字段保存下，等在配置文件中会使用到

导入chrootpw.ldif文件

cd /etc/openldap/
vim chrootpw.ldif 
# specify the password generated above for "olcRootPW" section
dn: olcDatabase={0}config,cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcRootPW
olcRootPW: {SSHA}HS5Bu2oNnnGe+G7OaWCtfnPBJUz7G2k2

ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f chrootpw.ldif

导入基本Schema

ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/openldap/schema/cosine.ldif
ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/openldap/schema/nis.ldif
ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/openldap/schema/inetorgperson.ldif

设置Domain Name

首先要生成经处理后的目录管理者明文密码

slappasswd -s LDAP@2018

导入chdomain.ldif文件，使用域名test.com，一定注意修改olcRootPW参数

cd /etc/openldap
vim chdomain.ldif 
# replace to your own domain name for "dc=***,dc=***" section
# specify the password generated above for "olcRootPW" section
dn: olcDatabase={1}monitor,cn=config
changetype: modify
replace: olcAccess
olcAccess: {0}to * by dn.base="gidNumber=0+uidNumber=0,cn=peercred,cn=external,cn=auth"
  read by dn.base="cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com" read by * none

dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
changetype: modify
replace: olcSuffix
olcSuffix: dc=test,dc=com

dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
changetype: modify
replace: olcRootDN
olcRootDN: cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com

dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcRootPW
olcRootPW: {SSHA}eTMA99w62m1Oslr8FjNXwmFplJyZK+ei

dn: olcDatabase={2}hdb,cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcAccess
olcAccess: {0}to attrs=userPassword,shadowLastChange by
  dn="cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com" write by anonymous auth by self write by * none
olcAccess: {1}to dn.base="" by * read
olcAccess: {2}to * by dn="cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com" write by * read

ldapmodify -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f chdomain.ldif

导入basedomain.ldif文件

cd /etc/openldap
vim basedomain.ldif
# replace to your own domain name for "dc=***,dc=***" section
dn: dc=test,dc=com
objectClass: top
objectClass: dcObject
objectclass: organization
o: Server Com
dc: test

dn: cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com
objectClass: organizationalRole
cn: Manager
description: Directory Manager

dn: ou=People,dc=test,dc=com
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: People

dn: ou=Group,dc=test,dc=com
objectClass: organizationalUnit
ou: Group

ldapadd -x -D cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com -W -f basedomain.ldif

向OpenLDAP Server中添加用户

首先要生成经处理后的明文密码

slappasswd -s LDAP@2018

vim ldapuser.ldif
# create new user jerryhuang
# replace to your own domain name for "dc=***,dc=***" section
dn: uid=jerryhuang,ou=People,dc=test,dc=com
objectClass: inetOrgPerson
objectClass: posixAccount
objectClass: shadowAccount
cn: jerryhuang
sn: Linux
userPassword: {SSHA}SFmmNnCFHAyNZ4jFXUmDDsRXams3VABh 
loginShell: /bin/bash
uidNumber: 1000
gidNumber: 1000
homeDirectory: /home/jerryhuang

dn: cn=jerryhuang,ou=Group,dc=test,dc=com
objectClass: posixGroup
cn: jerryhuang
gidNumber: 1000
memberUid: jerryhuang

ldapadd -x -D cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com -W -f ldapuser.ldif

添加本机的系统用户和群组到ldap目录

脚本SUFFIX变量替换为自己的域名

vim ldapuser.sh
# extract local users and groups who have 1000-9999 digit UID
# replace "SUFFIX=***" to your own domain name
# this is an example
 #!/bin/bash

SUFFIX='dc=test,dc=com'
LDIF='ldapuser.ldif'

echo -n > $LDIF
GROUP_IDS=()
grep "x:[1-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]:" /etc/passwd | (while read TARGET_USER
do
    USER_ID="$(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f1)"

    USER_NAME="$(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f5 | cut -d' ' -f1,2)"
    [ ! "$USER_NAME" ] && USER_NAME="$USER_ID"

    LDAP_SN="$(echo "$USER_NAME" | cut -d' ' -f2)"
    [ ! "$LDAP_SN" ] && LDAP_SN="$USER_NAME"

    LASTCHANGE_FLAG="$(grep "${USER_ID}:" /etc/shadow | cut -d':' -f3)"
    [ ! "$LASTCHANGE_FLAG" ] && LASTCHANGE_FLAG="0"

    SHADOW_FLAG="$(grep "${USER_ID}:" /etc/shadow | cut -d':' -f9)"
    [ ! "$SHADOW_FLAG" ] && SHADOW_FLAG="0"

    GROUP_ID="$(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f4)"
    [ ! "$(echo "${GROUP_IDS[@]}" | grep "$GROUP_ID")" ] && GROUP_IDS=("${GROUP_IDS[@]}" "$GROUP_ID")

    echo "dn: uid=$USER_ID,ou=People,$SUFFIX" >> $LDIF
    echo "objectClass: inetOrgPerson" >> $LDIF
    echo "objectClass: posixAccount" >> $LDIF
    echo "objectClass: shadowAccount" >> $LDIF
    echo "sn: $LDAP_SN" >> $LDIF
    echo "givenName: $(echo "$USER_NAME" | awk '{print $1}')" >> $LDIF
    echo "cn: $USER_NAME" >> $LDIF
    echo "displayName: $USER_NAME" >> $LDIF
    echo "uidNumber: $(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f3)" >> $LDIF
    echo "gidNumber: $(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f4)" >> $LDIF
    echo "userPassword: {crypt}$(grep "${USER_ID}:" /etc/shadow | cut -d':' -f2)" >> $LDIF
    echo "gecos: $USER_NAME" >> $LDIF
    echo "loginShell: $(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f7)" >> $LDIF
    echo "homeDirectory: $(echo "$TARGET_USER" | cut -d':' -f6)" >> $LDIF
    echo "shadowExpire: $(passwd -S "$USER_ID" | awk '{print $7}')" >> $LDIF
    echo "shadowFlag: $SHADOW_FLAG" >> $LDIF
    echo "shadowWarning: $(passwd -S "$USER_ID" | awk '{print $6}')" >> $LDIF
    echo "shadowMin: $(passwd -S "$USER_ID" | awk '{print $4}')" >> $LDIF
    echo "shadowMax: $(passwd -S "$USER_ID" | awk '{print $5}')" >> $LDIF
    echo "shadowLastChange: $LASTCHANGE_FLAG" >> $LDIF
    echo >> $LDIF
done

for TARGET_GROUP_ID in "${GROUP_IDS[@]}"
do
    LDAP_CN="$(grep ":${TARGET_GROUP_ID}:" /etc/group | cut -d':' -f1)"

    echo "dn: cn=$LDAP_CN,ou=Group,$SUFFIX" >> $LDIF
    echo "objectClass: posixGroup" >> $LDIF
    echo "cn: $LDAP_CN" >> $LDIF
    echo "gidNumber: $TARGET_GROUP_ID" >> $LDIF

    for MEMBER_UID in $(grep ":${TARGET_GROUP_ID}:" /etc/passwd | cut -d':' -f1,3)
    do
        UID_NUM=$(echo "$MEMBER_UID" | cut -d':' -f2)
        [ $UID_NUM -ge 1000 -a $UID_NUM -le 9999 ] && echo "memberUid: $(echo "$MEMBER_UID" | cut -d':' -f1)" >> $LDIF
    done
    echo >> $LDIF
done
)

执行该脚本，会生成 ldapuser.ldif 文件
导入该文件

ldapadd -x -D cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com -W -f ldapuser.ldif

删除LDAP用户或组

删除用户：

ldapdelete -x -W -D 'cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com' "uid=ldapuser,ou=People,dc=test,dc=com"  

删除组：

ldapdelete -x -W -D 'cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com' "cn=ldapgroup,ou=Group,dc=test,dc=com"  

查询OpenLDAP的相关信息

用户和用户组全部导入完毕后，我们就可以查询OpenLDAP的相关信息
查询OpenLDAP全部信息，使用如下命令：

ldapsearch -x -b "dc=test,dc=com" -H ldap://127.0.0.1

查询添加的OpenLDAP用户信息，使用如下命令：

ldapsearch -LLL -x -D 'cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com' -w "LDAP@2018" -b 'dc=test,dc=com' 'uid=jerryhuang'

把OpenLDAP用户加入到用户组

现在我们要把ldapuser用户加入到ldapgroup用户组，需要新建添加用户到用户组的ldif文件

cat > add_user_to_groups.ldif << "EOF"
dn: cn=ldapgroup,ou=Group,dc=test,dc=com
changetype: modify
add: memberuid
memberuid: ldapuser
EOF

执行如下命令：

ldapadd -x -w "LDAP@2018" -D "cn=Manager,dc=test,dc=com" -f add_user_to_groups.ldif

开启OpenLADP日志访问功能

默认情况下OpenLDAP是没有启用日志记录功能，但是在实际使用过程中，为了定位问题需要使用OpenLDAP日志

cat > loglevel.ldif << "EOF"
dn: cn=config
changetype: modify
replace: olcLogLevel
olcLogLevel: stats
EOF

导入到OpenLDAP中，并重启OpenLDAP服务

ldapmodify -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f loglevel.ldif

修改rsyslog配置文件，并重启rsyslog服务

cat >> /etc/rsyslog.conf << "EOF"
local4.* /var/log/slapd.log
EOF
systemctl restart rsyslog
systemctl restart slapd

查看日志
tail -f /var/log/slapd.log

修改OpenLDAP默认监听端口

例如我们现在把OpenLDAP监听的端口修改为4567

vim /etc/sysconfig/slapd
SLAPD_URLS="ldapi://0.0.0.0:4567/ ldap://0.0.0.0:4567/"
# 重启OpenLDAP服务
systemctl restart slapd.service

配置 LDAP 客户端 (服务器端ip:192.168.1.173)

yum install -y openldap-clients nss-pam-ldapd authconfig authconfig-gtk 

执行命令

authconfig --enableldap \
--enableldapauth \
--ldapserver=192.168.1.173 \
--ldapbasedn="dc=test,dc=com" \
--enablemkhomedir \
--update 

使用LDAP Admin管理OpenLDAP