【whk英语】非谓语动词

特殊情况:to do 和 doing 都能用但是意思不同的词:

1. 核心必背组

remember

形式 含义 例句
remember to do 记得要去做(未做) Remember to post the letter. 记得去寄信。
remember doing 记得做过(已做) I remember posting the letter. 我记得把信寄了。

forget

形式 含义 例句
forget to do 忘记要去做(未做) I forgot to turn off the light. 我忘关灯了。
forget doing 忘记做过(已做) I forgot locking the door. 我忘了已经锁过门了。

⚠️ forget doing 多用于否定句或疑问句,肯定句较少见。

regret

形式 含义 例句
regret to do 遗憾地要去做(常接 tell/say/inform) I regret to tell you that you failed. 很遗憾地告诉你,你没通过。
regret doing 后悔做过(已做) I regret telling him the truth. 我后悔告诉了他真相。

stop

形式 含义 例句
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事(to do 是目的状语) He stopped to smoke. 他停下来去抽烟。
stop doing 停止正在做的事 He stopped smoking. 他戒烟了。

go on

形式 含义 例句
go on to do (做完一事)接着去做另一件事 After reading, he went on to write. 读完书,他接着去写字。
go on doing 继续做同一件事(可含短暂停顿,但不换事) After a short break, he went on reading. 短暂休息后,他继续读书。

continue

形式 含义 例句
continue to do (中断后)继续做,强调后续动作 After the break, he continued to read. 休息后,他继续读书。
continue doing 不间断地持续做同一件事 He continued reading for hours. 他连续读了几个小时。

⚠️ 多数情况下可互换,区别不如 go on 明显。

try

形式 含义 例句
try to do 努力/试图去做(付出努力,克服困难) I tried to lift the box. 我努力想把箱子举起来。
try doing 尝试去做(试试某种方法,看看效果) Try lifting the box with both hands. 试试用两只手举箱子。

mean

形式 含义 例句
mean to do 打算/意欲做(主观意图) I meant to call you. 我本来打算给你打电话。
mean doing 意味着做(客观结果) Success means working hard. 成功意味着努力工作。

💡 补充:mean to have done = 本来打算做(但未做)。如:I meant to have called you, but I forgot.

can't help

形式 含义 例句
can't help doing 情不自禁做(忍不住) I can't help crying. 我忍不住哭了。

⚠️ 高考只考 doing 形式。

2. 结构特殊组

need / want / require

形式 含义 例句
人 + need/want to do 主语(人)需要去做 I need to wash my car. 我需要洗车。
物 + need/want/require doing 主语(物)需要被做(主动形式表被动) The car needs washing. 车需要洗了。
物 + need/want/require to be done 同上,被动形式 The car needs to be washed. 车需要洗了。

⚠️ 主语是「物」时,不能用主动式 to do(✗ The car needs to wash.),但可以用 to be done。require 和 want 同理。

used to

形式 含义 例句
used to do 过去常常做(现在不做了) I used to get up late. 我过去常晚起。
be/get used to doing 习惯于做(to 是介词) He is used to making paper. 他习惯造纸。
be used to do 被用来做(被动语态) Wood is used to make paper. 木头被用来造纸。

⚠️ 对比记忆:

Wood is used to make paper. 木头被用来造纸。

He is used to making paper. 他习惯造纸。

be afraid

形式 含义 例句
be afraid to do 不敢做(主观缺乏勇气) She was afraid to jump. 她不敢跳。
be afraid of doing 担心/害怕会发生某事(担心意外发生) She was afraid of falling. 她担心会摔下去。

⚠️ 两者常可互换,但表「担心被动发生的意外」时倾向用 of doing。

3. 补充高频组

begin / start

形式 含义 例句
begin/start to do 多数情况下可互换 It began to rain. 开始下雨了。
begin/start doing 多数情况下可互换 He began reading. 他开始读书。

⚠️ 三种情况倾向用 to do:

  1. 主语是物,描述天气/自然现象:It began to rain.
  2. begin 本身是进行时:I'm beginning to understand.
  3. 后面接状态动词(know, realize, understand, like):She began to realize her mistake.

prefer

形式 含义 例句
prefer to do 宁愿做某件特定的事(具体某次) I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我宁愿待在家。
prefer doing 更喜欢做(一般习惯) I prefer staying at home. 我一贯喜欢待在家。

⚠️ 两个必考结构:

prefer doing A to doing B —— 比起做 B 更喜欢做 A(to 是介词)

prefer to do A rather than do B —— 宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B(rather than 后接动词原形)

allow / permit / forbid

形式 含义 例句
allow/permit/forbid doing 允许/禁止做某事(无宾语直接跟) They forbid smoking here. 这里禁止吸烟。
allow/permit/forbid sb to do 允许/禁止某人做某事(有宾语) They forbid students to smoke here. 他们禁止学生在这里吸烟。

advise

形式 含义 例句
advise doing 建议做某事(无宾语直接跟) I advise leaving early. 我建议早点出发。
advise sb to do 建议某人做某事(有宾语) I advise you to leave early. 我建议你早点出发。

like / love / hate

形式 含义 例句
like/love/hate to do 某次具体想做/不想做 I like to swim today. 我今天想去游泳。
like/love/hate doing 一贯喜欢/讨厌做(习惯爱好) I like swimming. 我喜欢游泳。

⚠️ would like / would love / would hate 后面只能接 to do。

4. 感官动词特别组

see / hear / watch / feel / notice / observe

形式 含义 例句
感官动词 + 宾语 + do 看见/听见全过程(动作已完成) I saw him cross the road. 我看见他过了马路。
感官动词 + 宾语 + doing 看见/听见正在做(强调片段) I saw him crossing the road. 我看见他正在过马路。

⚠️ 被动语态要还原 to:

He was seen to cross the road. 有人看见他过了马路。

She was heard to sing in the next room. 有人听见她在隔壁唱歌。

5. 一页纸速记清单

动词 to do 记法 doing 记法
remember 要去做(未做) 做过(已做)
forget 要去做(未做) 做过(已做,多用于否定/疑问)
regret 遗憾要说 后悔已做
stop 停下去做另一件 停止当前
go on 接着做另一件 继续做同一件(可含短暂停顿)
continue 中断后继续 不间断持续
try 努力做 试试方法
mean 打算做 意味着
can't help —— 忍不住做
need(物) ✗ 不能用主动 to do 需要被做(= to be done)
used to 过去常常 be used to doing 习惯做
be afraid 不敢做 担心发生
begin/start 多可互换,三种情况倾向 to do 多可互换
prefer 宁愿(具体) 更喜欢(习惯)
allow/permit/forbid (有宾语)sb to do (无宾语)doing
advise (有宾语)sb to do (无宾语)doing
like / love / hate 某次具体想/不想 一贯喜欢/讨厌
see/hear/watch 看见/听见全过程 看见/听见正在做
posted @ 2026-09-08 22:14  MistyPost  阅读(28)  评论(0)    收藏  举报