链表（模板）类
链表类依赖于cmath头文件，使用ListNode，List四个文件实现：
ListNode.h:
1 /********************************************* 2 ListNode.h 3 链表节点（模板）类 ListNode 4 T 节点数据 5 pred 前节点指针 6 succ 后节点指针 7 ListNode / ListNode(T, T*, T*) 构造 8 InsertPred(T) 前插入节点 9 InsertSucc(T) 后插入节点 10 11 * Created by QSY 2020.10.11 12 * Shiyuan Qu, qsy19@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn 13 * Department Of Automation, Tsinghua University 14 * Copyright (c) 2020. All rights reserved. 15 **********************************************/ 16 #pragma once 17 18 typedef int Rank; //秩 19 #define Posi(T) ListNode<T>* //列表节点指针 20 21 template<typename T> 22 struct ListNode 23 { 24 T data;//节点数据 25 Posi(T) pred;//前驱节点引用 26 Posi(T) succ;//后继节点引用 27 ListNode() {};//空构造 28 ListNode(T e, Posi(T) p = nullptr, Posi(T) s = nullptr) 29 :date(e), pred(p), succ(s) {}; 30 Posi(T) InsertPred(T const& e);//前插入节点 31 Posi(T) InsertSucc(T const& e);//后插入节点 32 };
ListNode.cpp:
1 /********************************************* 2 ListNode.cpp 3 4 * Created by QSY 2020.10.11 5 * Shiyuan Qu, qsy19@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn 6 * Department Of Automation, Tsinghua University 7 * Copyright (c) 2020. All rights reserved. 8 **********************************************/ 9 10 #include "ListNode.h" 11 12 template<typename T> 13 Posi(T) ListNode<T>::InsertPred(T const& e) { 14 Posi(T) x = new ListNode(e, pred, this); 15 pred->succ = x; 16 this->pred = x; 17 return x; 18 } 19 20 template<typename T> 21 Posi(T) ListNode<T>::InsertSucc(T const& e) { 22 Posi(T) x = new ListNode(e, this, succ); 23 succ->pred = x; 24 this->succ = x; 25 return x; 26 }
List.h:
1 /********************************************* 2 链表（模板）类 List 3 本文件绝大多数函数未考虑非法输入情况，调用前请先依据源代码避免非法输入，否则程序的行为将不可预测 4 5 * Created by QSY 2020.10.14 6 * Shiyuan Qu, qsy19@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn 7 * Department Of Automation, Tsinghua University 8 * Copyright (c) 2020. All rights reserved. 9 **********************************************/ 10 #pragma once 11 #include "ListNode.h" 12 13 template<typename T> 14 class List 15 { 16 private: 17 Rank _size;//链表长度，不计头尾 18 Posi(T) header; 19 Posi(T) trailer; 20 //header first …… last trailer 21 // -1 0 n n + 1 22 //内部方法 23 //可以将p后的n个节点拷贝至当前对象 24 void CopyNodes(Posi(T) p, int n); 25 //重载swap函数作为内部方法 26 void swap(T, T); 27 void swap(Posi(T), Posi(T)); 28 protected: 29 //初始化整个列表 30 void init(); 31 //清除整个链表的数据，恢复为混沌初开的状态 32 void clear(); 33 34 public: 35 //构造函数 36 List() { init(); }; 37 List(List<T> const& L);//整体复制列表L 38 List(List<T> const& L, Rank r, int n);//复制L中自第r项起的n项 39 List(Posi(T) p, int n);//复制列表中自位置p起的n项 40 //析构函数 41 ~List(); 42 // 43 const Rank& const size = _size; 44 Rank size() const { return _size; } 45 bool empty() const { return _size <= 0; } 46 //节点操作接口 47 //r->data 48 T& operator[] (Rank r) const;//重载下标操作符，以通过秩直接访问列表节点数据 49 //r->p 50 Posi(T) posi(Rank r);//返回r节点的指针 51 Posi(T) posi(List<T> const& L, Rank r);//返回r节点的指针 52 //p->r 53 Rank rank(Posi(T) p);//返回当前指针的秩 54 //data->p 55 Posi(T) find(T const& e) const; 56 57 Rank distance(Posi(T) p, Posi(T) q);//p在q前！ 58 Posi(T) first() const; 59 Posi(T) last() const; 60 Posi(T) selectMax(Posi(T) p, int n); 61 62 //写入删除接口 63 Posi(T) InsertFirst(T const& e); 64 Posi(T) InsertLast(T const& e); 65 Posi(T) InsertBefore(Posi(T) p, T const& e); 66 Posi(T) InsertAfter(Posi(T) p, T const& e); 67 T Remove(Posi(T) p); 68 //排序接口 69 void insert_sort();//invalid 70 void merge_sort();//o(nlogn) 71 Posi(T) merge_sort(Posi(T) p, int n); 72 Posi(T) merge(List<T> L, Posi(T) p, int n, Posi(T) q, int m); 73 void select_sort();//o(n^2) 74 void radix_sort();//invalid 75 //转置接口 76 void reverse(); 77 void reverse(Posi(T) p1, Posi(T) p2);//p1在p2之前 78 void reverse(Rank r1, Rank r2); 79 };
List.cpp:
1 /********************************************* 2 List.cpp 3 4 * Created by QSY 2020.10.11 5 * Shiyuan Qu, qsy19@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn 6 * Department Of Automation, Tsinghua University 7 * Copyright (c) 2020. All rights reserved. 8 **********************************************/ 9 10 #include "List.h" 11 #include <cmath> 12 13 template<typename T> 14 void List<T>::CopyNodes(Posi(T) p, int n) { 15 if (!_size) { 16 init(); 17 } 18 else { 19 clear(); 20 } 21 while (n--) { 22 InsertLast(p->data); 23 p = p->succ; 24 } 25 }//有改进空间，栈空间占用过多 26 27 template<typename T> 28 void List<T>::swap(T t1, T t2) { 29 T tt = t1; 30 t1 = t2; 31 t2 = tt; 32 } 33 34 template<typename T> 35 void List<T>::swap(Posi(T) p1, Posi(T) p2) { 36 Posi(T) pt = p1; 37 p1 = p2; 38 p2 = pt; 39 } 40 41 template<typename T> 42 void List<T>::init() { 43 header = new ListNode<T>; 44 trailer = new ListNode<T>; 45 header->succ = trailer; 46 header->pred = nullptr; 47 trailer->succ = nullptr; 48 trailer->pred = header; 49 _size = 0; 50 } 51 52 template<typename T> 53 void List<T>::clear() { 54 int oldsize = _size; 55 while (0 < _size) { 56 Remove(header->succ); 57 } 58 } 59 60 template<typename T> 61 List<T>::List(List<T> const& L) { 62 CopyNodes(L.first(), L._size); 63 } 64 65 template<typename T> 66 List<T>::List(List<T> const& L, Rank r, int n) { 67 Posi(T) p = Pos(L, r); 68 CopyNodes(p, n); 69 } 70 71 template<typename T> 72 List<T>::List(Posi(T) p, int n) { 73 CopyNodes(p, n); 74 } 75 76 template<typename T> 77 List<T>::~List() { 78 clear(); 79 delete header; 80 delete trailer; 81 } 82 83 template <typename T> 84 T& List<T>::operator[] (Rank r) const { 85 return Pos(r)->data; 86 } 87 88 template<typename T> 89 Posi(T) List<T>::posi(Rank r) { 90 if (_size <= r) { 91 return nullptr; 92 }//特判，防止请求越界 93 Posi(T) p = this->first(); 94 while (0 < r--) { 95 p = p->succ; 96 } 97 return p; 98 } 99 100 template<typename T> 101 Posi(T) List<T>::posi(List<T> const& L, Rank r) { 102 if (L.size <= r) { 103 return nullptr; 104 }//特判，防止请求越界 105 Posi(T) p = L.first(); 106 while (0 < r--) { 107 p = p->succ; 108 } 109 return p; 110 } 111 112 template<typename T> 113 Rank List<T>::rank(Posi(T) p) { 114 Rank r = 0; 115 Posi(T) ptr = trailer->succ; 116 while (p != ptr) { 117 ptr = ptr->succ; 118 ++r; 119 } 120 return 0; 121 } 122 123 template<typename T> 124 Posi(T) List<T>::find(T const& e)const { 125 Posi(T) p = trailer->succ; 126 for (int i = 0; i < _size; ++i) { 127 if (p->data == T) { 128 return p; 129 } 130 p = p->succ; 131 } 132 return nullptr; 133 } 134 135 template<typename T> 136 Rank List<T>::distance(Posi(T) p, Posi(T) q) { 137 Rank r = 0; 138 while (p != q) { 139 p = p->succ; 140 ++r; 141 } 142 return r; 143 } 144 145 template<typename T> 146 Posi(T) List<T>::first() const { 147 if (_size) { 148 return header->succ; 149 }//特判，防止无长度 150 return nullptr; 151 } 152 153 template<typename T> 154 Posi(T) List<T>::last() const { 155 if (_size) { 156 return trailer->pred; 157 } 158 return nullptr; 159 } 160 161 template<typename T> 162 Posi(T) List<T>::selectMax(Posi(T) p, int n) { 163 Posi(T) max = p; 164 for (; 1 < n; n--) { 165 if (max->data <= p->data) { 166 max = p; 167 } 168 p = p->succ; 169 } 170 return max; 171 } 172 173 template<typename T> 174 Posi(T) List<T>::InsertFirst(T const& e) { 175 _size++; 176 return header->InsertSucc(T); 177 } 178 179 template<typename T> 180 Posi(T) List<T>::InsertLast(T const& e) { 181 _size++; 182 return trailer->InsertPred(T); 183 } 184 185 template<typename T> 186 Posi(T) List<T>::InsertBefore(Posi(T) p, T const& e) { 187 _size++; 188 return p->InsertPred(T); 189 } 190 191 template<typename T> 192 Posi(T) List<T>::InsertAfter(Posi(T) p, T const& e) { 193 _size++; 194 return p->InsertSucc(T); 195 } 196 197 template<typename T> 198 T List<T>::Remove(Posi(T) p) { 199 T e = p->data;//备份数据 200 //更新指针指向，拆出链表 201 p->pred->succ = p->succ; 202 p->succ->pred = p->pred; 203 delete p;//释放空间 204 _size--; 205 return e; 206 } 207 208 template<typename T> 209 void List<T>::insert_sort() { 210 // 211 } 212 213 template<typename T> 214 void List<T>::merge_sort() { 215 merge_sort(first(), _size); 216 } 217 218 template<typename T> 219 Posi(T) List<T>::merge_sort(Posi(T) p, int n) { 220 Posi(T) pp = p->pred; 221 Posi(T) q = p; 222 int m = n >> 2; 223 for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) { 224 q = q->succ; 225 } 226 merge_sort(p, m); 227 merge_sort(q, n - m); 228 merge(this, p, m, q, n - m); 229 return pp->succ; 230 } 231 232 template<typename T> 233 Posi(T) merge(List<T> L, Posi(T) p, int n, Posi(T) q, int m) { 234 Posi(T) pp = p->pred; 235 while (0 < m) {//在q未移出区间之前 236 if ((0 < n) && p->data <= q->data) {//p未移出区间且p的数据更小 237 p = p->succ; 238 --n; 239 } 240 else { 241 q = q->succ; 242 InsertBefore(p, L.Remove(q->pred)); 243 --m; 244 } 245 } 246 return pp->succ; 247 } 248 249 template<typename T> 250 void List<T>::select_sort() { 251 int n = _size; 252 Posi(T) first = first(); 253 Posi(T) tail = trailer; 254 while (1 < n) { 255 Posi(T) max = selectMax(first, n); 256 InsertBefore(tail, Remove(max); 257 tail = tail->pred; 258 --n; 259 } 260 } 261 262 template<typename T> 263 void List<T>::radix_sort() { 264 // 265 } 266 267 template<typename T> 268 void List<T>::reverse() { 269 if (_size < 2) { 270 return; 271 } 272 Posi(T) p = header; 273 Posi(T) q = trailer; 274 for (int i = 1; i < _size; i += 2) { 275 p = p->succ; 276 q = q->pred; 277 swap(p->data, q->data); 278 } 279 } 280 281 template<typename T> 282 void List<T>::reverse(Posi(T) p1, Posi(T) p2) { 283 int n = distance(p1, p2) + 1; 284 for (int i = 1; i < n; i += 2) { 285 swap(p1->data, p2->data); 286 p1 = p1->succ; 287 p2 = p2->pred; 288 } 289 } 290 291 template<typename T> 292 void List<T>::reverse(Rank r1, Rank r2) { 293 int n = abs(r2 - r1); 294 if (n < 2) { 295 return; 296 } 297 if (r1 < r2) { 298 Posi(T) p = posi(r1); 299 Posi(T) q = posi(r2); 300 } 301 else { 302 Posi(T) q = posi(r1); 303 Posi(T) p = posi(r2); 304 } 305 for (int i = 1; i < n; i += 2) { 306 swap(p->data, q->data); 307 p = p->succ; 308 q = q->pred; 309 } 310 }
//2020.10.15更新，暂未测试
