[洛谷P5169]xtq的异或和
题目大意:给你一张$n(n\leqslant10^5)$个点$m(m\leqslant3\times10^5)$条边的无向图,每条边有一个权值,$q(q\leqslant2^{18})$次询问,每次询问给你一个$x(x<2^{18})$,问有多少个有序点对$(u,v)$,满足有一条$u$到$v$的路径异或和为$x$
题解:先建一棵生成树,把图中所有环丢进线性基,发现一条$u->v$的路径就是树上$u->v$的距离异或上一些环。
发现$x<2^{18}$,所以可以把线性基中所有可以表示出来的数求出来为集合$S$,令多项式$A(x)$,满足$[x^n]A(x)=\sum\limits_{i=1}^n[dis_i=n]$;令多项式$B(x)$,满足$[x^n]B(x)=[n\in S]$,$dis_i$表示第$i$个点到根的路径异或值
然后答案就是$A*A*B$,$*$表示异或卷积
卡点:无
C++ Code:
#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#define maxn 100010
#define maxm 300010
#define N 262144
const int mod = 998244353;
int head[maxn], cnt;
struct Edge {
int to, nxt, w;
} e[maxm << 1];
inline void addedge(int a, int b, int c) {
e[++cnt] = (Edge) { b, head[a], c }; head[a] = cnt;
e[++cnt] = (Edge) { a, head[b], c }; head[b] = cnt;
}
long long A[N], B[N];
namespace Base {
#define M 18
int p[M + 1];
inline void insert(int x) {
for (int i = M; ~i; --i) if (x >> i & 1) {
if (p[i]) x ^= p[i];
else { p[i] = x; break; }
}
}
void dfs(int dep, int val) {
if (dep > M) {
++B[val];
return ;
}
dfs(dep + 1, val);
if (p[dep]) dfs(dep + 1, val ^ p[dep]);
}
#undef M
}
int n, m, q;
int dis[maxn];
bool vis[maxn];
void dfs(int u, int fa = 0) {
vis[u] = true;
for (int i = head[u]; i; i = e[i].nxt) {
int v = e[i].to;
if (!vis[v]) {
dis[v] = dis[u] ^ e[i].w;
dfs(v, u);
} else Base::insert(dis[u] ^ dis[v] ^ e[i].w);
}
}
const int lim = N;
inline void FWT(long long *A) {
for (register int mid = 1; mid < lim; mid <<= 1)
for (register int i = 0; i < lim; i += mid << 1)
for (register int j = 0; j < mid; ++j) {
const long long X = A[i + j], Y = A[i + j + mid];
A[i + j] = X + Y, A[i + j + mid] = X - Y;
}
}
int main() {
std::ios::sync_with_stdio(false), std::cin.tie(0), std::cout.tie(0);
std::cin >> n >> m >> q;
for (int i = 0, a, b, c; i < m; ++i) {
std::cin >> a >> b >> c;
addedge(a, b, c);
}
dfs(1), Base::dfs(0, 0);
for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) ++A[dis[i]];
FWT(A), FWT(B);
for (int i = 0; i < lim; ++i) A[i] = A[i] * A[i] * B[i];
FWT(A);
for (int i = 0; i < lim; ++i) A[i] >>= 18;
while (q --> 0) {
static int x;
std::cin >> x;
std::cout << A[x] % mod << '\n';
}
return 0;
}

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