linux-mysql的安装配置数据库和表的操作

mariadb安装

1.安装mariadb服务

 dnf -y install mariadb-server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:51:34 ago on Wed 28 Apr 2021 03:06:50 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
===========================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                            Architecture                   Version                                                         Repository                         Size
===========================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mariadb-server                                     x86_64                         3:10.3.28-1.module_el8.3.0+757+d382997d                         appstream                          16 M
Installing dependencies:
 mariadb                                            x86_64                         3:10.3.28-1.module_el8.3.0+757+d382997d                         appstream                         6.0 M
 mariadb-common                                     x86_64                         3:10.3.28-1.module_el8.3.0+757+d382997d                         appstream                          64 k
 mariadb-connector-c                                x86_64                         3.1.11-2.el8_3                                                  appstream                         200 k
 mariadb-connector-c-config                         noarch                         3.1.11-2.el8_3                                                  appstream                          15 k
 mariadb-errmsg                                     x86_64                         3:10.3.28-1.module_el8.3.0+757+d382997d                         appstream                         234 k
 perl-DBD-MySQL                                     x86_64                         4.046-3.module_el8.1.0+203+e45423dc                             appstream   
后面省略...

2.启动服务

[root@zwy1 ~]# systemctl start mariadb

3.配置和工具的使用

#启动mysql并设置开机自动启动
systemctl enable --now mysqld
systemctl status mysqld

#确保3306端口已经监听起来

ss -antl

#语法：mysql [OPTIONS] [database]
#常用的OPTIONS：
#    -uUSERNAME      指定用户名，默认为root
#    -hHOST          指定服务器主机，默认为localhost，推荐使用ip地址
#    -pPASSWORD      指定用户的密码
#    -P#             指定数据库监听的端口，这里的#需用实际的端口号代替，如-P3307
#    -V              查看当前使用的mysql版本
#    -e          不登录mysql执行sql语句后退出，常用于脚本

[root@zwy1 ~]# mysql  #进入mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 14
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> set password = password('4564949a'); #设置密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> quit  
Bye
[root@zwy1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p  #通过用户密码登录
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 16
Server version: 10.3.28-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

[root@zwy1 ~]# mysql -V    #远程查看
mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.3.28-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using readline 5.1

[root@zwy1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p4564949a -e 'show databases;'
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+

4.创建数据库

MariaDB [(none)]> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.000 sec)

创建表

MariaDB [(none)]> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use test
Database changed

MariaDB [test]> create table zwy1(id int not null,name varchar(60) null,age tinyint);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.004 sec)

　　输入数据

MariaDB [test]> insert into zwy1 (id,name,age) values(1,'zhangsan',21),(2,'lisi',22),(3,'wangwu',23),(4,'xyq',24),(5,'zwy',24),(6,'cyx',24);
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.001 sec)
Records: 6  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

MariaDB [test]> desc zwy1;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | int(11)     | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| name  | varchar(60) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| age   | tinyint(4)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [test]> select * from zwy1;
+----+----------+------+
| id | name     | age  |
+----+----------+------+
|  1 | zhangsan |   21 |
|  2 | lisi     |   22 |
|  3 | wangwu   |   23 |
|  4 | xyq      |   24 |
|  5 | zwy      |   24 |
|  6 | cyx      |   24 |
+----+----------+------+
6 rows in set (0.000 sec)