c++中CreateEvent函数详解及实例
HANDLE CreateEvent(
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpEventAttributes,
BOOL bManualReset,
BOOL bInitialState,
LPCSTR lpName
);
bManualReset:TRUE,使用ResetEvent()手动重置为无信号状态;FALSE,当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置状态为无信号状态。
bInitialState:指定事件对象的初始状态,当TRUE,初始状态为有信号状态;当FALSE,初始状态为无信号状态。
下面主要演示一下采用CreateEvent实现多线程。
例子很简单,主要测试CreateEvent中bManualReset:和bInitialState参数的取值在线程调用中信号状态的情况。
测试1:
bManualReset:TRUE
bInitialState:TRUE
CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL); //使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时有信号状态
example.cpp
01.#include "iostream" 02.#include "windows.h" 03.using namespace std; 04. 05.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam); 06.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam); 07.HANDLE hEvent = NULL; 08.HANDLE hThread1 = NULL; 09.HANDLE hThread2 = NULL; 10.int main(int argc, char *args[]) 11.{ 12. <span style="color:#ff0000;">hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL)</span>; //使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时有信号状态 13. //hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); //当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置为无信号状态,初始是有信号状态 14. //if (SetEvent(hEvent)) 15. //{ 16. // cout << "setEvent 成功" <<endl; 17. //} 18. hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc1, NULL, 0,NULL); 19. Sleep(200); 20. hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc2, NULL, 0,NULL); 21. Sleep(200); 22. if ( NULL == hThread1) 23. { 24. cout <<"create thread fail!"; 25. } 26. //DWORD dCount = ResumeThread(hThread); 27. //cout << LOWORD(dCount) << endl; 28. return 0; 29.} 30.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam) 31.{ 32. cout <<"in thread1@!"<<endl; 33. 34. DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE); 35. 36. if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn) 37. { 38. cout <<" thread1 signaled ! "<<endl; 39. } 40. cout <<"in thread1 --signal"<<endl; 41. 42. //SetEvent(hEvent); 43. return 0; 44.} 45.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam) 46.{ 47. cout <<"in thread2@!"<<endl; 48. 49. DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE); 50. 51. if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn) 52. { 53. cout <<"thread2 signaled ! "<<endl; 54. } 55. cout <<"in thread2--signal"<<endl; 56. 57. return 0; 58.}
执行结果:

从结果中看,执行完线程1又执行了线程2.
由于hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL),使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时有信号状态
所以hEvent一直处于有信号状态,无论是线程1释放后,hEvent仍处于有信号状态,所以线程2正常执行了。
测试2:
bManualReset:FALSE
bInitialState:TRUE
hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); //当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置为无信号状态,初始是有信号状态
example2.cpp
01.#include "iostream" 02.#include "windows.h" 03.using namespace std; 04. 05.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam); 06.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam); 07.HANDLE hEvent = NULL; 08.HANDLE hThread1 = NULL; 09.HANDLE hThread2 = NULL; 10.int main(int argc, char *args[]) 11.{ 12. //hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL); //使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时有信号状态 13. <span style="color:#ff0000;">hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); </span>//当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置为无信号状态,初始是有信号状态 14. //if (SetEvent(hEvent)) 15. //{ 16. // cout << "setEvent 成功" <<endl; 17. //} 18. hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc1, NULL, 0,NULL); 19. Sleep(200); 20. hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc2, NULL, 0,NULL); 21. Sleep(200); 22. if ( NULL == hThread1) 23. { 24. cout <<"create thread fail!"; 25. } 26. //DWORD dCount = ResumeThread(hThread); 27. //cout << LOWORD(dCount) << endl; 28. return 0; 29.} 30.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam) 31.{ 32. cout <<"in thread1@!"<<endl; 33. 34. DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE); 35. 36. if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn) 37. { 38. cout <<" thread1 signaled ! "<<endl; 39. } 40. cout <<"in thread1 --signal"<<endl; 41. 42. //SetEvent(hEvent); 43. return 0; 44.} 45.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam) 46.{ 47. cout <<"in thread2@!"<<endl; 48. 49. DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE); 50. 51. if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn) 52. { 53. cout <<"thread2 signaled ! "<<endl; 54. } 55. cout <<"in thread2--signal"<<endl; 56. 57. return 0; 58.}
执行结果:

从执行结果中分析,执行了线程1,线程2一直在等待,直到主线程结束。
由于hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL),当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置为无信号状态,初始是有信号状态
初始执行线程1的时候,hEvent是有信号的,所以线程1正常执行;又由于bManualReset=FALSE,所以执行完线程1后,hEvent自动重置为无信号状态,所以在线程2中,
WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE);
WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE);函数一直在等待hEvent变为有信号状态,但是当主线程执行完,还没等待到,线程2程序一直没有走下去。
测试3:
bManualReset:TRUE
bInitialState:FALSE
hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);//使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时为无信号状态
example3.cpp
01.#include "iostream" 02.#include "windows.h" 03.using namespace std; 04. 05.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam); 06.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam); 07.HANDLE hEvent = NULL; 08.HANDLE hThread1 = NULL; 09.HANDLE hThread2 = NULL; 10.int main(int argc, char *args[]) 11.{ 12. //hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL); //使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时有信号状态 13. //hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); //当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置为无信号状态,初始是有信号状态 14. <span style="color:#ff0000;">hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);//使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时为无信号状态</span> 15. //if (SetEvent(hEvent)) 16. //{ 17. // cout << "setEvent 成功" <<endl; 18. //} 19. hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc1, NULL, 0,NULL); 20. Sleep(200); 21. hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc2, NULL, 0,NULL); 22. Sleep(200); 23. if ( NULL == hThread1) 24. { 25. cout <<"create thread fail!"; 26. } 27. //DWORD dCount = ResumeThread(hThread); 28. //cout << LOWORD(dCount) << endl; 29. return 0; 30.} 31.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam) 32.{ 33. cout <<"in thread1@!"<<endl; 34. 35. DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE); 36. 37. if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn) 38. { 39. cout <<" thread1 signaled ! "<<endl; 40. } 41. cout <<"in thread1 --signal"<<endl; 42. 43. //SetEvent(hEvent); 44. return 0; 45.} 46.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam) 47.{ 48. cout <<"in thread2@!"<<endl; 49. 50. DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE); 51. 52. if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn) 53. { 54. cout <<"thread2 signaled ! "<<endl; 55. } 56. cout <<"in thread2--signal"<<endl; 57. 58. return 0; 59.}
执行结果,可想而知,只能输出:
in thread1@!
in thread1@![cpp] view plaincopyprint?in thread2@!
in thread2@!因为初始为无信号状态,所以hEvent一直处于无信号状态,因此这两个线程一直在等待,直到主线程结束。
修改:放开例子中的注释部分:
if (SetEvent(hEvent))//设置信号为有信号状态
{
cout << "setEvent 成功" <<endl;
}
执行结果:

可见,线程1和线程2都执行了。
因为调用SetEvent,事件变为有信号状态,线程1执行;又由于线程1释放后,hEvent仍旧处于有信号状态,所以线程2也执行了。
再修改:在线程1中,添加ResetEvent(hEvent)(手动设置事件为无信号状态),则线程2不会执行。
测试4:
bManualReset:FALSE
bInitialState:FALSE
hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);//线程释放后自动重置为无信号状态,初始化时为无信号状态
example4.cpp
01.#include "iostream" 02.#include "windows.h" 03.using namespace std; 04. 05.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam); 06.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam); 07.HANDLE hEvent = NULL; 08.HANDLE hThread1 = NULL; 09.HANDLE hThread2 = NULL; 10.int main(int argc, char *args[]) 11.{ 12. //hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, TRUE, NULL); //使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时有信号状态 13. //hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, TRUE, NULL); //当一个等待线程被释放时,自动重置为无信号状态,初始是有信号状态 14. //hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);//使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时为无信号状态 15. hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);//使用手动重置为无信号状态,初始化时为无信号状态 16. if (SetEvent(hEvent)) 17. { 18. cout << "setEvent 成功" <<endl; 19. } 20. hThread1 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc1, NULL, 0,NULL); 21. Sleep(200); 22. hThread2 = CreateThread(NULL, 0, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)ThreadProc2, NULL, 0,NULL); 23. Sleep(200); 24. if ( NULL == hThread1) 25. { 26. cout <<"create thread fail!"; 27. } 28. //DWORD dCount = ResumeThread(hThread); 29. //cout << LOWORD(dCount) << endl; 30. return 0; 31.} 32.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc1(LPVOID lpParam) 33.{ 34. cout <<"in thread1@!"<<endl; 35. 36. DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE); 37. 38. if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn) 39. { 40. cout <<" thread1 signaled ! "<<endl; 41. } 42. cout <<"in thread1 --signal"<<endl; 43. 44. //SetEvent(hEvent); 45. return 0; 46.} 47.DWORD WINAPI ThreadProc2(LPVOID lpParam) 48.{ 49. cout <<"in thread2@!"<<endl; 50. 51. DWORD dReturn = WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE); 52. 53. if ( WAIT_OBJECT_0 == dReturn) 54. { 55. cout <<"thread2 signaled ! "<<endl; 56. } 57. cout <<"in thread2--signal"<<endl; 58. 59. return 0; 60.}
执行结果:

由于调用SetEvent,hEvent为有信号状态,线程1正常执行,又由于调用完线程1后,hEvent自动重置为无信号状态,所以线程2只能在等待,直到主线程退出。
修改:线程1中的SetEvent(hEvent);的注释去掉,再运行,则线程1和线程2 都会执行。
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