Centos7离线安装mysql8

linux版本：Centois7

mysql版本：mysql-8.0.16 主要版本要一致

1、下载

下载地址 ：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

选择：

2、将tar包上传至服务器

3、删除原来的mariadb

先查看一下是否已经安装了，命令：rpm -qa|grep mariadb
删除mariadb，命令：rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs

4、解压mysql离线安装包

cd /home/soft

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

解压后包含如下rpm包：

mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

5、安装rpm

逐个安装，命令如下：

【必须安装】

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

【非必须安装】

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

错误1：

warning: mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    pkgconfig(openssl) is needed by mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64

解决方法1：

yum install openssl-devel.x86_64 openssl.x86_64 -y

 

错误2：

warning: mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    perl(Data::Dumper) is needed by mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64
    perl(JSON) is needed by mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64

解决方法2：

yum install perl.x86_64 perl-devel.x86_64 -y

yum install perl-JSON.noarch -y

yum -y install autoconf

6、mysql服务指令

mysql -V   看长安装版本

systemctl status mysqld 查看状态

systemctl start mysqld  启动mysql

systemctl stop mysqld   停止mysql

7、初始化mysql

关掉mysql：

systemctl stop mysqld

 

初始化先先编辑my.cnf文件：

vim /etc/my.cnf

在文件末尾追加内容：

#无密码登录
skip-grant-tables

#忽略大小写
lower_case_table_names=1

最后初始化：

mysqld --initialize --console --lower-case-table-names=1

8、目录授权

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/

授权完启动mysql:

systemctl start mysqld

9、mysql操作

登录mysql:

mysql -u root -p  注意：直接回车掉过密码输入

登录如果操作报错：

--必须先执行 flush privileges，否则会报The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement

需要先执行指令：

flush privileges;

修改密码：

alter USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

授权远程连接：

show databases;

use mysql;

select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;

update user set host = "%" where user='root';

select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;

flush privileges;

 

尝试远程登录：

远程登录前需要指定防火墙访问端口，这步骤这里先忽略，不动可以去参考 url

解决办法：

mysql -u root -p（回车后，输入更改后的密码123456）

use mysql;

alter USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';

flush privileges;

 

最后记得，把etc/my.cnf 中的   skip-grant-tables 注释掉，重启mysql就可以使用了。