实验1 类和对象

实验任务1

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <array>

template<typename T>
void output1(const T &obj) {
for(auto i: obj)
std::cout << i << ", ";
std::cout << "\b\b \n";
}

template<typename T>
void output2(const T &obj) {
for(auto p = obj.begin(); p != obj.end(); ++p)
std::cout << *p << ", ";
std::cout << "\b\b \n";
}

void test_array() {
using namespace std;
array<int, 5> x1; 
cout << "x1.size() = " << x1.size() << endl; 
x1.fill(42); 
x1.at(0) = 999;
x1[4] = -999; 
cout << "x1: ";
output1(x1); 
cout << "x1: ";
output2(x1); 
array<int, 5> x2(x1);
cout << boolalpha << (x1 == x2) << endl;
x2.fill(22);
cout << "x2: ";
output1(x2);
swap(x1, x2);
cout << "x1: ";
output1(x1);
cout << "x2: ";
output1(x2);
}

void test_vector() {
using namespace std;
vector<int> v1;
cout << v1.size() << endl; 
cout << v1.max_size() << endl; 
v1.push_back(55); 
cout << "v1: ";
output1(v1);
vector<int> v2 {1, 0, 5, 2};
v2.pop_back(); 
v2.erase(v2.begin()); 
v2.insert(v2.begin(), 999); 
v2.insert(v2.end(), -999); 
cout << v2.size() << endl;
cout << "v2: ";
output2(v2);
vector<int> v3(5, 42); 
cout << "v3: ";
output1(v3);
vector<int> v4(v3.begin(), v3.end()-2); 
cout << "v4: ";
output1(v4);
}

void test_string() {
using namespace std;
string s1{"oop"};
cout << s1.size() << endl;
for(auto &i: s1)
i -= 32;
s1 += "2023";
s1.append(", hello");
cout << s1 << endl;
}

int main() {
using namespace std;
cout << "===========测试1: array模板类基础用法===========" << endl;
test_array();
cout << "\n===========测试2: vector模板类基础用法===========" << endl;
test_vector();
cout << "\n===========测试3: string类基础用法===========" << endl;
test_string();
}

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实验任务2

#include <iostream>
#include <complex>

void test_std_complex() {
using namespace std;
complex<double> c1{3, 4}, c2{4.5};
const complex<double> c3{c2};

cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
cout << "c3 = " << c3 << endl;
cout << "c3.real = " << c3.real() << ", " << "c3.imag = " << c3.imag() << endl;

cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2 << endl;
cout << "c1 - c2 = " << c1 - c2 << endl;
cout << "abs(c1) = " << 
abs(c1) << endl; 
cout << boolalpha; 
cout << "c1 == c2: " << (c1 == c2) << endl;
cout << "c3 == c2: " << (c3 == c2) << endl;

complex<double> c4 = 2;
cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
c4 += c1;
cout << "c4 = " << c4 << endl;
}
int main() {
test_std_complex();
}

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实验任务3

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class T {
public:
T(int x = 0, int y = 0);
T(const T &t); 
T(T &&t); 
~T();
void set_m1(int x);
int get_m1() const; 
int get_m2() const; 
void display() const; 
friend void func(); 
private:
int m1, m2;
public:
static void disply_count();
public:
static const string doc;
static const int max_count; 
private:
static int count; 
};

const string T::doc{"a simple class"};
const int T::max_count = 99;
int T::count = 0;

T::T(int x, int y): m1{x}, m2{y} {
++count;
cout << "constructor called.\n";
}
T::T(const T &t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
++count;
cout << "copy constructor called.\n";
}
T::T(T &&t): m1{t.m1}, m2{t.m2} {
++count;
cout << "move constructor called.\n";
}
T::~T() {
--count;
cout << "destructor called.\n";
}
void T::set_m1(int x) {
m1 = x;
}
int T::get_m1() const {
return m1;
}
int T::get_m2() const {
return m2;
}
void T::display() const {
cout << m1 << ", " << m2 << endl;
}

void T::disply_count() {
cout << "T objects: " << count << endl;
}

void func() {
T t1;
t1.set_m1(55);
t1.m2 = 77; 
t1.display();
}

void test() {
cout << "T class info: " << T::doc << endl;
cout << "T objects max_count: " << T::max_count << endl;
T::disply_count();
T t1;
t1.display();
t1.set_m1(42);
T t2{t1};
t2.display();
T t3{std::move(t1)};
t3.display();
t1.display();
T::disply_count();
}

int main() {
cout << "============测试类T============" << endl;
test();
cout << endl;
cout << "============测试友元函数func()============" << endl;
func();
}

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实验任务4

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

class Rect {
public:
    Rect() ;
    Rect(int l, int w) ;
    Rect(const Rect &r); 
    
    double len() const {return length;}
    double wide() const {return width;}
    double area()  const { return length * width;}
    double circumference() const { return 2 * (length + width);}
    void resize(double times);
    void resize(double l_times, double w_times);
    
    static string doc;
    static int size_info() { return count;}
    ~Rect() {count--;}
private:
    double length, width;
    static int count;
};

Rect::Rect()
{
    length = 2.0;
    width = 1.0;
    count++;
}
Rect::Rect(int l, int w)
{
    length = l;
    width = w;
    count++;
}
Rect::Rect(const Rect &r)
{
    length = r.length;
    width = r.width;
    count++;
}

void Rect::resize(double times){
    length *= times;
    width *= times;
}

void Rect::resize(double l_times, double w_times) {
    length *= l_times;
    width *= w_times;
}

int Rect::count = 0;
string Rect::doc = "a simple Rect class";

void output(const Rect &r) {
cout << "矩形信息: " << endl;
cout << fixed << setprecision(2); 
cout << "长:     " << r.len() << endl;
cout << "宽:     " << r.wide() << endl;
cout << "面积:   " << r.area() << endl;
cout << "周长:   " << r.circumference() << endl;
}

void test() {
cout << "矩形类信息: " << Rect::doc << endl;
cout << "当前矩形对象数目: " << Rect::size_info() << endl;
Rect r1;
output(r1);
Rect r2(4, 3);
output(r2);
Rect r3(r2);
r3.resize(2);
output(r3);
r3.resize(5, 2);
output(r3);
cout << "当前矩形对象数目: " << Rect::size_info() << endl;
}

int main() {
test();
cout << "当前矩形对象数目: " << Rect::size_info() << endl;
}

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实验任务5

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>

class Complex {
public:
    Complex(double r = 0, double i = 0) {
        real = r;
        imag = i; 
    }
    
    Complex(const Complex &x) {
        real = x.real;
        imag = x.imag;
    }
    
    double get_real() const {return real;}
    double get_imag() const {return imag;}
    
    void add(const Complex &x) {
        real += x.real;
        imag += x.imag;
    }
    
    void show() const {
        using namespace std; 
        if(real == 0 && imag == 0) {cout << 0; }
        else if(real == 0) {cout << imag << "i";}
        else if(imag == 0) {cout << real;}
        else {
            if(imag > 0){
                cout << real << " + " << imag << "i";
            }
            else if(imag < 0) {
                cout << real << " - " << -imag << "i";
            }
        }
    }
    
    friend Complex add(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2);
    friend bool is_equal(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2);
    friend double abs(const Complex &c1);
    
private:
    double real;
    double imag;
}; 

Complex add(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2) {
    double real = c1.real + c2.real;
    double imag = c1.imag + c2.imag;
    return Complex(real, imag);
}

bool is_equal(const Complex &c1, const Complex &c2) {
    if(c1.real == c2.real && c1.imag == c2.imag)  
      return true;
    else
      return false;
}

double abs(const Complex &c1) {
    return sqrt(c1.real * c1.real + c1.imag * c1.imag);
}

void test() {
    using namespace std;
    
    Complex c1(3, -4);
    const Complex c2(4.5);
    Complex c3(c1);
    
    cout << "c1 = ";
    c1.show();
    cout << endl;
    
    cout << "c2 = ";
    c2.show();
    cout << endl;
    cout << "c2.imag = " << c2.get_imag() << endl;
    
    cout << "c3 = ";
    c3.show();
    cout << endl;
    
    cout << "abs(c1) = ";
    cout << abs(c1) << endl;
    
    cout << boolalpha;
    cout << "c1 == c3 : " << is_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
    cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
    
    Complex c4;
    c4 = add(c1, c2);
    cout << "c4 = c1 + c2 = ";
    c4.show();
    cout << endl;
    
    c1.add(c2);
    cout << "c1 += c2, " << "c1 = ";
    c1.show();
    cout << endl;
}

int main() {
    test();
}

View Code

posted @ 2023-10-16 16:39 ~Lucky 阅读(29) 评论(0) 收藏举报

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实验1 类和对象

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