2.12

import numpy as np

matrix = np.array([[-1, 1, 0], [-4, 3, 0], [1, 0, 2]])

eigenvalues, eigenvectors = np.linalg.eig(matrix)

print("特征值:", eigenvalues)
print("特征向量:\n", eigenvectors)

symbolic_eigenvalues = np.linalg.eigvals(matrix)
symbolic_eigenvectors = np.linalg.eig(matrix)[1]

print("特征值的符号解:", symbolic_eigenvalues)
print("特征向量的符号解:\n", symbolic_eigenvectors)

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