latex 插图图片代码

插入两张图片，1*2

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\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering % 居中
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth} % 第一个子图，宽度为文本宽的45%
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20251019/finalSpectrum0.png} % \linewidth 使图片宽度与子图环境宽度一致
        \caption{The original condition is 0.} % 子图标题
        \label{fig:sub1} % 子图标签
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill % 填充水平空间，将两个子图分开
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth} % 第二个子图
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20251019/finalSpectrum01.png}
        \caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    \caption{A direct comparison was performed using a common color bar for the results under the original condition of 0 and those under the standard normal distribution, N(0,1).} % 总标题
    \label{fig:my_figure} % 总标签
  \end{figure}

插入2*2排版图片

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\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
    % 第一行
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20251026/cgmg/real_solution.png}
        \caption{The original condition is 0.}
        \label{fig:sub1}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20251026/cgmg/num_solution.png}
        \caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    
    % 第二行 - 添加垂直间距
    \vspace{0.5cm}
    
    % 第二行
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20251026/cgmg/2D_error.png}
        \caption{Additional condition 1.}
        \label{fig:sub3}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20251026/cgmg/e_with_its.png}
        \caption{Additional condition 2.}
        \label{fig:sub4}
    \end{subfigure}
    
    \caption{A direct comparison was performed using a common color bar for the results under different initial conditions.}
    \label{fig:my_figure}
\end{figure}

插入两张并排照片，2*1

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\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.9\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Fig/20251123/solution.png}
        \caption{解析解}
        \label{fig:sub1}
    \end{subfigure}
    
    \vspace{0.5cm} % 图片间距
    
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.9\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Fig/20251123/ja_r_with_its.png}
        \caption{only jacobi method}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    %\caption{整体图片标题}
    \label{fig:vertical}
\end{figure}

只插入一张图片，1*1

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\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Fig/20251228/uzawa.png}
\caption{only jacobi method}
\label{fig:vertical}
\end{figure}

给1*2图片加上灰色背景，需要使用宏包\usepackage

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\usepackage{tcolorbox}

\begin{figure}[H]
    \centering
    \begin{tcolorbox}[colback=gray!10, colframe=gray!10, width=\textwidth, boxrule=0pt, arc=0pt, boxsep=5pt]
        \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
            \centering
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{fig/20260203/1.png}
            \label{fig:sub1}
        \end{subfigure}
        \hfill
        \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
            \centering
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{fig/20260203/2.png}
            \label{fig:sub2}
        \end{subfigure}
    \end{tcolorbox}
    \label{fig:my_figure}
\end{figure}

给1*1图片加上灰色背景

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\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
 \begin{tcolorbox}[colback=gray!10, colframe=gray!10, width=\textwidth, boxrule=0pt, arc=0pt, boxsep=5pt]
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{fig/20260203/3.png}
%\caption{only jacobi method}
\end{tcolorbox}
\label{fig:vertical}
\end{figure}

如何将图片固定在代码当前位置

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总结一下，你只需要做两步修改：

    在你的 LaTeX 导言区（\begin{document} 之前）添加宏包：
    \usepackage{float}

    把图片开始的地方 \begin{figure}[htbp] 替换为：
   \end{figure}[H]

插入2*3排列的图片

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\begin{figure}[H]
    \centering
    % 第一行 (case1)
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.34\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260517/case1/maskold.png}
        \caption{case1: mask old}
        \label{fig:case1_maskold}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.34\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260517/case1/masknew.png}
        \caption{case1: mask new}
        \label{fig:case1_masknew}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.3\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260517/case1/freshPoint.png}
        \caption{case1: fresh point}
        \label{fig:case1_freshpoint}
    \end{subfigure}

    \vspace{0.5cm} % 两行之间的垂直间距，可调整

    % 第二行 (case2)
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.34\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260517/case2/maskold.png}
        \caption{case2: mask old}
        \label{fig:case2_maskold}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.34\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260517/case2/masknew.png}
        \caption{case2: mask new}
        \label{fig:case2_masknew}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.3\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260517/case2/freshPoint.png}
        \caption{case2: fresh point}
        \label{fig:case2_freshpoint}
    \end{subfigure}

    \caption{ Two test cases capable of identifying fresh fluid cells. (a)–(c) Case 1, (d)–(f) Case 2. The accuracy of the code in detecting fresh fluid points is validated through these two cases.} % 可修改总标题
    \label{fig:my_figure}
\end{figure}

插入图片 4*4

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\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
    % 第一行
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_1.png}
        %\caption{The original condition is 0.}
        \label{fig:sub1}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_2.png}
        %\caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_3.png}
        %\caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_4.png}
        %\caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    
    % 第二行 - 添加垂直间距
    \vspace{0.5cm}
    
    % 第二行
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_5.png}
        %\caption{Additional condition 1.}
        \label{fig:sub3}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_6.png}
        %\caption{Additional condition 2.}
        \label{fig:sub4}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_7.png}
        %\caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_8.png}
        %\caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}

     % 第三行 - 添加垂直间距
    \vspace{0.5cm}
    
    % 第三行
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_9.png}
        %\caption{Additional condition 1.}
        \label{fig:sub3}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_10.png}
        %\caption{Additional condition 2.}
        \label{fig:sub4}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_11.png}
        %\caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_12.png}
        %\caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    
     % 第四行 - 添加垂直间距
    \vspace{0.5cm}
    
    % 第四行
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_13.png}
        %\caption{Additional condition 1.}
        \label{fig:sub3}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_14.png}
        %\caption{Additional condition 2.}
        \label{fig:sub4}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_15.png}
       % \caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.23\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20260531/all_cylinders_config_16.png}
        %\caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
 
   \caption{几何信息}
    \label{fig:my_figure}
\end{figure}