latex 插图图片代码

插入两张图片，1*2

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\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering % 居中
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth} % 第一个子图，宽度为文本宽的45%
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20251019/finalSpectrum0.png} % \linewidth 使图片宽度与子图环境宽度一致
        \caption{The original condition is 0.} % 子图标题
        \label{fig:sub1} % 子图标签
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill % 填充水平空间，将两个子图分开
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth} % 第二个子图
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20251019/finalSpectrum01.png}
        \caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    \caption{A direct comparison was performed using a common color bar for the results under the original condition of 0 and those under the standard normal distribution, N(0,1).} % 总标题
    \label{fig:my_figure} % 总标签
  \end{figure}

插入2*2排版图片

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\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
    % 第一行
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20251026/cgmg/real_solution.png}
        \caption{The original condition is 0.}
        \label{fig:sub1}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20251026/cgmg/num_solution.png}
        \caption{The original condition is N(0,1).}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    
    % 第二行 - 添加垂直间距
    \vspace{0.5cm}
    
    % 第二行
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20251026/cgmg/2D_error.png}
        \caption{Additional condition 1.}
        \label{fig:sub3}
    \end{subfigure}
    \hfill
    \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{Fig/20251026/cgmg/e_with_its.png}
        \caption{Additional condition 2.}
        \label{fig:sub4}
    \end{subfigure}
    
    \caption{A direct comparison was performed using a common color bar for the results under different initial conditions.}
    \label{fig:my_figure}
\end{figure}

插入两张并排照片，2*1

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\begin{figure}[htbp]
    \centering
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.9\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Fig/20251123/solution.png}
        \caption{解析解}
        \label{fig:sub1}
    \end{subfigure}
    
    \vspace{0.5cm} % 图片间距
    
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.9\textwidth}
        \centering
        \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Fig/20251123/ja_r_with_its.png}
        \caption{only jacobi method}
        \label{fig:sub2}
    \end{subfigure}
    %\caption{整体图片标题}
    \label{fig:vertical}
\end{figure}

只插入一张图片，1*1

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\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Fig/20251228/uzawa.png}
\caption{only jacobi method}
\label{fig:vertical}
\end{figure}

给图片加上灰色背景，需要使用宏包\usepackage

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\usepackage{tcolorbox}

\begin{figure}[H]
    \centering
    \begin{tcolorbox}[colback=gray!10, colframe=gray!10, width=\textwidth, boxrule=0pt, arc=0pt, boxsep=5pt]
        \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
            \centering
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{fig/20260203/1.png}
            \label{fig:sub1}
        \end{subfigure}
        \hfill
        \begin{subfigure}[t]{0.49\textwidth}
            \centering
            \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{fig/20260203/2.png}
            \label{fig:sub2}
        \end{subfigure}
    \end{tcolorbox}
    \label{fig:my_figure}
\end{figure}

如何将图片固定在代码当前位置

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总结一下，你只需要做两步修改：

    在你的 LaTeX 导言区（\begin{document} 之前）添加宏包：
    \usepackage{float}

    把图片开始的地方 \begin{figure}[htbp] 替换为：
   \end{figure}[H]