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简单的.NET 8 Web API使用Kafka 发布订阅模式,示例api示例
简单的.NET 8 Web API使用Kafka 发布订阅模式,示例api示例
  • kafka

当使用Kafka时,我们需要使用Kafka的客户端库来与Kafka集群进行通信。在.NET Core中,可以使用Confluent.Kafka客户端库来实现与Kafka的集成。首先,我们需要在项目中添加Confluent.Kafka库的引用。

首先,使用NuGet包管理器或者命令行工具添加Confluent.Kafka库的引用:

dotnet add package Confluent.Kafka

  

接下来,我们可以创建一个名为WeatherUpdatesProducer的类,用于生成天气预报数据并将其发布到Kafka的主题中:


// WeatherUpdatesProducer.csusing Confluent.Kafka; using System; using System.Threading; namespaceWebApiDemo { publicclassWeatherUpdatesProducer { privatereadonly IProducer<Null, string> _producer; privatereadonlystring _topicName; public WeatherUpdatesProducer(string bootstrapServers, string topicName) { _topicName = topicName; var config = new ProducerConfig { BootstrapServers = bootstrapServers }; _producer = new ProducerBuilder<Null, string>(config).Build(); } public void ProduceWeatherUpdates() { var rng = new Random(); for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { var forecast = new { Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(i), TemperatureC = rng.Next(-20, 55), Summary = Summaries[rng.Next(Summaries.Length)] }; var message = $"{forecast.Date}: {forecast.Summary}"; _producer.Produce(_topicName, new Message<Null, string> { Value = message }); Thread.Sleep(1000); // 模拟每秒发布一次消息 } } privatestaticreadonlystring[] Summaries = new[] { "Freezing", "Bracing", "Chilly", "Cool", "Mild", "Warm", "Balmy", "Hot", "Sweltering", "Scorching" }; } }

  在这个示例中,我们创建了一个名为WeatherUpdatesProducer的类,它负责生成天气预报数据并将其发布到Kafka的主题中。我们使用Confluent.Kafka库中的IProducer接口来实现与Kafka的通信。

接下来,我们可以创建一个名为WeatherUpdatesConsumer的类,用于订阅Kafka的主题并处理接收到的天气更新消息:


// WeatherUpdatesConsumer.csusing Confluent.Kafka; using System; namespaceWebApiDemo { publicclassWeatherUpdatesConsumer { privatereadonly IConsumer<Ignore, string> _consumer; public WeatherUpdatesConsumer(string bootstrapServers, string groupId, string topicName) { var config = new ConsumerConfig { BootstrapServers = bootstrapServers, GroupId = groupId, AutoOffsetReset = AutoOffsetReset.Earliest }; _consumer = new ConsumerBuilder<Ignore, string>(config).Build(); _consumer.Subscribe(topicName); } public void ConsumeWeatherUpdates() { try { while (true) { try { var message = _consumer.Consume(); Console.WriteLine($"Received weather update: {message.Value}"); } catch (ConsumeException e) { Console.WriteLine($"Error occurred: {e.Error.Reason}"); } } } catch (OperationCanceledException) { _consumer.Close(); } } } }

  

在这个示例中,我们创建了一个名为WeatherUpdatesConsumer的类,它负责订阅Kafka的主题并处理接收到的天气更新消息。我们使用Confluent.Kafka库中的IConsumer接口来实现消费者的功能。

接下来,在Startup.cs中注册WeatherUpdatesProducer和WeatherUpdatesConsumer服务,并在应用启动时分别调用ProduceWeatherUpdates和ConsumeWeatherUpdates方法:

// Startup.csusing Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;

namespaceWebApiDemo
{
    publicclassStartup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllers();

            // 注册WeatherUpdatesProducer服务
            services.AddSingleton<WeatherUpdatesProducer>(provider =>
            {
                var bootstrapServers = Configuration["Kafka:BootstrapServers"];
                var topicName = Configuration["Kafka:TopicName"];
                returnnew WeatherUpdatesProducer(bootstrapServers, topicName);
            });

            // 注册WeatherUpdatesConsumer服务
            services.AddSingleton<WeatherUpdatesConsumer>(provider =>
            {
                var bootstrapServers = Configuration["Kafka:BootstrapServers"];
                var groupId = Configuration["Kafka:GroupId"];
                var topicName = Configuration["Kafka:TopicName"];
                returnnew WeatherUpdatesConsumer(bootstrapServers, groupId, topicName);
            });
        }

        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env, WeatherUpdatesProducer weatherUpdatesProducer, WeatherUpdatesConsumer weatherUpdatesConsumer)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllers();
            });

            // 在应用启动时生成天气预报数据并发布到Kafka
            weatherUpdatesProducer.ProduceWeatherUpdates();

            // 在应用启动时订阅Kafka主题并处理天气更新消息
            weatherUpdatesConsumer.ConsumeWeatherUpdates();
        }
    }
}

 在这个示例中,我们使用Configuration来获取Kafka的连接配置信息,并在应用启动时分别调用WeatherUpdatesProducer的ProduceWeatherUpdates方法来生成天气预报数据并发布到Kafka,以及调用WeatherUpdatesConsumer的ConsumeWeatherUpdates方法来订阅Kafka的主题并处理接收到的天气更新消息。

这样,我们就实现了基于Kafka的消息发布和订阅功能。当应用启动时,会生成天气预报数据并发布到Kafka的主题中,同时也会订阅Kafka的主题并处理接收到的天气更新消息。

 

// WeatherUpdatesProducer.cs

 

using Confluent.Kafka;

using System;

using System.Threading;

namespace WebApiDemo
{

    public class WeatherUpdatesProducer

    {

        private readonly IProducer<Null, string> _producer;

        private readonly string _topicName;

        public WeatherUpdatesProducer(string bootstrapServers, string topicName)

        {

            _topicName = topicName;

            var config = new ProducerConfig { BootstrapServers = bootstrapServers };

            _producer = new ProducerBuilder<Null, string>(config).Build();

        }

        public void ProduceWeatherUpdates()

        {

            var rng = new Random();

            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
            {
                var forecast = new { Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(i), TemperatureC = rng.Next(-20, 55), Summary = Summaries[rng.Next(Summaries.Length)] }; var message = $"{forecast.Date}: {forecast.Summary}"; _producer.Produce(_topicName, new Message<Null, string> { Value = message }); Thread.Sleep(1000); // 模拟每秒发布一次消息
            }
        }
        private static readonly string[] Summaries = new[] { "Freezing", "Bracing", "Chilly", "Cool", "Mild", "Warm", "Balmy", "Hot", "Sweltering", "Scorching" };
    }
}

 

  

 

posted on 2024-01-16 22:17  HackerVirus  阅读(423)  评论(0)    收藏  举报