本文主要记录阅读HashTable源码的过程。
1、类图结构
2、内部子类
子类 | 作用 |
KeySet | 集合,存放HashTable中所有的key |
Entry | HashTable的元素,以链表的形式存放在HashTable的每一个index处 |
EntrySet | 集合,存放所有的Entry节点 |
Enumerator | |
ValueCollection |
2、初始化
Hashtable的默认大小是11,平衡因子是0.75
3、主要操作
需要注意的是,HashTable类中的方法前面都有synchronized关键字,表明HashTable是可同步的
put:添加元素
public synchronized V put(K key, V value) { // Make sure the value is not null if (value == null) { throw new NullPointerException(); } // Makes sure the key is not already in the hashtable. Entry<?,?> tab[] = table; int hash = key.hashCode();//计算hash值 int index = (hash & 0x7FFFFFFF) % tab.length;//计算对应的index @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") Entry<K,V> entry = (Entry<K,V>)tab[index]; for(; entry != null ; entry = entry.next) {//变量该index对应的“桶”是否已经存在相同的key,如果存在则用value替换原来的value if ((entry.hash == hash) && entry.key.equals(key)) { V old = entry.value; entry.value = value; return old; } } addEntry(hash, key, value, index);//向table中添加元素 return null; } private void addEntry(int hash, K key, V value, int index) { modCount++;//结构修改次数+1 Entry<?,?> tab[] = table; if (count >= threshold) {//如果超过阈值,则重新扩容 // Rehash the table if the threshold is exceeded rehash(); tab = table; hash = key.hashCode();//扩容后重新计算index index = (hash & 0x7FFFFFFF) % tab.length; } // Creates the new entry. @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") Entry<K,V> e = (Entry<K,V>) tab[index]; tab[index] = new Entry<>(hash, key, value, e); count++; } //扩容 protected void rehash() { int oldCapacity = table.length; Entry<?,?>[] oldMap = table; // overflow-conscious code int newCapacity = (oldCapacity << 1) + 1; //capacity翻倍 if (newCapacity - MAX_ARRAY_SIZE > 0) { if (oldCapacity == MAX_ARRAY_SIZE) // Keep running with MAX_ARRAY_SIZE buckets return; newCapacity = MAX_ARRAY_SIZE; } Entry<?,?>[] newMap = new Entry<?,?>[newCapacity]; modCount++; threshold = (int)Math.min(newCapacity * loadFactor, MAX_ARRAY_SIZE + 1); table = newMap; for (int i = oldCapacity ; i-- > 0 ;) {//变量原有table中每一个桶 for (Entry<K,V> old = (Entry<K,V>)oldMap[i] ; old != null ; ) {//遍历桶中每一个元素,重新通过hash值计算index Entry<K,V> e = old; old = old.next; int index = (e.hash & 0x7FFFFFFF) % newCapacity; e.next = (Entry<K,V>)newMap[index]; newMap[index] = e; } } }
remove
//删除元素 public synchronized V remove(Object key) { Entry<?,?> tab[] = table; int hash = key.hashCode(); int index = (hash & 0x7FFFFFFF) % tab.length; @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") Entry<K,V> e = (Entry<K,V>)tab[index];//获取桶中链表头 for(Entry<K,V> prev = null ; e != null ; prev = e, e = e.next) {//下面的算法就是单链表删除元素的算法 if ((e.hash == hash) && e.key.equals(key)) { modCount++; if (prev != null) { prev.next = e.next; } else { tab[index] = e.next; } count--; V oldValue = e.value; e.value = null; return oldValue; } } return null; }