Docker学习笔记之docker-save vs docker-export vs docker-commit

之前对这几个command是忘了记,记了混~所以写下笔记以巩固之。

1.docker save

docker save -h

Usage:  docker save [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]

Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)

  --help             Print usage
  -o, --output       Write to a file, instead of STDOUT

从接的参数就可以猜到,直接接image,不太可能导出单纯的文件系统(因为镜像本身就是分层存储的)

简单测试一下

docker save -o busybox.tar busybox && mkdir busybox && tar xf busybox.tar -C busybox
tree busybox
busybox
├── 2b8fd9751c4c0f5dd266fcae00707e67a2545ef34f9a29354585f93dac906749.json
├── 374004614a75c2c4afd41a3050b5217e282155eb1eb7b4ce8f22aa9f4b17ee57
│   ├── VERSION
│   ├── json
│   └── layer.tar
├── manifest.json
└── repositories

docker load 与之匹配,将其(带历史地)导入到docker images中

docker load -i busybox.tar

 

2.docker export

docker export -h
Usage:  docker export [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive

  --help             Print usage
  -o, --output       Write to a file, instead of STDOUT

从接的参数猜测,直接接container,多半就是dump rootfs了

栗子测试一下:

docker run --name container -d busybox
docker export -o busybox.tar container && mkdir busybox && tar xf busybox.tar -C busybox
tree busybox -L 1
busybox
├── bin
├── dev
├── etc
├── home
├── proc
├── root
├── sys
├── tmp
├── usr
└── var

docker import 与之匹配

docker import busybox.tar my-busybox:1.0
docker images
# REPOSITORY     TAG    IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
# my-busybox     1.0   5bfea374dd5c        3 seconds ago       1.093 MB

注意:docker import后面接的是docker export导出的文件,也就是一个文件系统,所以导入的镜像是不带历史的
使用docker history $image_name 查看镜像,只有一层

 

3.docker commit

docker commit -h       /tmp/pkg_debian (debian) choldrim-pc

Usage:  docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

Create a new image from a container's changes

  -a, --author        Author (e.g., "John Hannibal Smith <hannibal@a-team.com>")
  -c, --change=[]     Apply Dockerfile instruction to the created image
  --help              Print usage
  -m, --message       Commit message
  -p, --pause=true    Pause container during commit

commit是合并了save、load、export、import这几个特性的一个综合性的命令,它主要做了:

  • 将container当前的读写层保存下来,保存成一个新层
  • 和镜像的历史层一起合并成一个新的镜像

如果原本的镜像有3层,commit之后就会有4层,最新的一层为从镜像运行到commit之间对文件系统的修改

docker commit container my-commit-image
docker history my-commit-image
IMAGE          CREATED            CREATED BY                                      SIZE       COMMENT
e86539128c67   5 seconds ago       sh                                              0 B                 
2b8fd9751c4c   9 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["sh"]                    0 B                 
<missing>      9 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:9ca60502d646bdd815   1.093 MB

 

参考

 

posted @ 2019-03-12 17:26  时光飞逝,逝者如斯  阅读(1708)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报