shell常见用法

以下是一个rman备份的shell脚本，涉及知识点：

（1）  函数，$1，$#

（2）  变量及引用

（3）  If, case, for

（4）  输出重定向$ command >> file 2>&1

（5）  command << tag  content  tag

 

#!/bin/bash

##############################################################################

#                                       RMAN BACKUPS

##############################################################################

#

# Description: This script create a RMAN backup based on parameter passed

#

##############################################################################

#

# Author: Cyrille MODIANO

#

# Version : 1.0 (2016-07-12)

# Version : 1.1 (2016-12-15) - Added compression

# Version : 1.2 (2017-01-18) - Added parallelism and backup of a list of databases

#

##############################################################################

 

usage () {

echo "Usage : SID BACKUP_TYPE COMPRESSION PARALLELISM

        SID : SID, comma separated list of databases or ALL for all databases (running)

        BACKUP_TYPE : INCR, FULL, COLD or ARCH

        COMPRESS : COMPRESS or NOCOMPRESS to compress or not the backup

        PARALLEL : defines the number of channel to use

        exemple backup full : rman_backup.sh db1 FULL COMPRESS 16

        exemple backup arch : rman_backup.sh db1 ARCH NOCOMPRESS 2

"

}

 

BACKUP_BASE=/Data_Domain/oracle/prod/

 

# Validating du number of parameters passed

if [ $# -lt 4 ]; then

    usage

    exit 1

fi

 

# Parameters provided

DB_LIST=$1

BACKUP_TYPE=$2

PARALLEL=$4

 

# Backup type validation

case $BACKUP_TYPE in

    FULL)

        LEVEL="incremental level 0"

    ;;

    INCR)

        LEVEL="incremental level 1"

    ;;

    ARCH)

        LEVEL=""

    ;;

    COLD)

        LEVEL=""

    ;;

    *)

        usage

    exit 1

    ;;

esac

 

# Compression validation

if [ $3 = 'COMPRESS' ]; then

    COMPRESS='AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET'

else

    if [ $3 = 'NOCOMPRESS' ]; then

        COMPRESS=''

    else

        usage

        exit 1

    fi

fi

 

##Variables definition

export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi:ss'

DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d%H%M%S"`

BASEDIR=$(dirname "$0")

LOGDIR=$BASEDIR/log

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin

 

##backup function

function backup_database() {

    # Set Oracle Environment for database

    ORACLE_SID=$1

    ORAENV_ASK=NO

    . oraenv

 

    OUTPUT_SID=${ORACLE_SID}

    BACKUP_DIR=$BACKUP_BASE/${ORACLE_SID}

    LOGFILE=$LOGDIR/rman_backup_${ORACLE_SID}_${BACKUP_TYPE}_${DATE}.log

   

 

    # Controlfile backup directory

    CF_BACKUP="'$BACKUP_DIR/autobackup/cf_sp_%F'"

    FORMAT_DATA="format '${BACKUP_DIR}/data_%d_${BACKUP_TYPE}_bks%s_%T_%U.bck'"

    FORMAT_ARCHIVE="format '${BACKUP_DIR}/arch_%d_${BACKUP_TYPE}_bks%s_%T_%U.bck'"

 

    if [ $BACKUP_TYPE = 'COLD' ]; then

        sqlplus -s / as sysdba <<EOF

            shutdown immediate;

            startup mount;

            exit

EOF

        rman target /  << EOF >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

            CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

            CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO ${CF_BACKUP};

            CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET PARALLELISM ${PARALLEL};

            run {

                backup ${COMPRESS} database section size 50G $FORMAT_DATA;

                delete noprompt obsolete;

                }

            exit

EOF

 

        sqlplus -s / as sysdba <<EOF

            alter database open;

            exit

EOF

 

    else

        if [  $BACKUP_TYPE = 'ARCH' ]; then

            rman target /  << EOF >> $LOGFILE

                CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

                CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO ${CF_BACKUP};

                CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET PARALLELISM ${PARALLEL};

                run {

                    backup ${COMPRESS} archivelog all $FORMAT_ARCHIVE delete input filesperset 10;

                    delete noprompt obsolete;

                    }

                exit

EOF

        else

            rman target /  << EOF >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

                CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

                CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO ${CF_BACKUP};

                CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET PARALLELISM ${PARALLEL};

                run {

                    backup ${COMPRESS} archivelog all $FORMAT_ARCHIVE delete input filesperset 10;

                    backup ${COMPRESS} ${LEVEL} database section size 50G $FORMAT_DATA include current controlfile;

                    backup ${COMPRESS} archivelog all $FORMAT_ARCHIVE delete input filesperset 10;

                    delete noprompt obsolete;

                    }

                exit

EOF

        fi

    fi

 

    # Validate Errors in the log.

    ERRORLIST=$(egrep "^RMAN-[0-9]*:|^ORA-[0-9]*:" $LOGFILE)

    ERRORLIST=$(echo $ERRORLIST)

    if [ -n "$ERRORLIST" ]

    then

        SUBJECT="$(date +%y)/$(date +%m)/$(date +%d) $(date +%H).$(date +%M).$(date +%S) - `hostname` - Backup Report ${OUTPUT_SID} - ERROR"

    else

        SUBJECT="$(date +%y)/$(date +%m)/$(date +%d) $(date +%H).$(date +%M).$(date +%S) - `hostname` - Backup Report ${OUTPUT_SID}"

    fi

    cat -v $LOGFILE | mail -s "$SUBJECT" example@example.com

}

 

if [ $1 = 'ALL' ]; then

    for database in `ps -ef | grep pmon | egrep -v 'ASM|grep' | awk '{print $8}' | cut -d_ -f3`

    do

        backup_database $database

    done

else

    for database in $(echo $1 | sed "s/,/ /g")

    do

        backup_database $database

    done

fi