10. 法国数学家梅齐亚克的砝码题目:

有位商人有40磅重的砝码,不小心摔成4块碎片.每块都是整磅数,能秤1-40之间任意重量的物品(整磅).请问四块碎片的重量各是多少?
program exExhaustive10_1;
const All = 40;
var
     p1, p2, p3, p4, p1s, p2s, p3s, p4s, w : integer;
         // p1 ~ p4 为4块的重量，它们可能放在被称物体一边或另一边，即既可以加这个重量也可以减这个重量，当然某块也可以不用
         // p1s ~ p4s 为正负符号或零，用来分别表示某块放在被称物体一边或另一边，零表示某块未用
     flag : boolean;
begin
     for p1 := 1 to All do
         for p2 := p1+1 to All-p1 do
             for p3 := p2+1 to All-p1-p2 do
             begin
                  p4 := All-p1-p2-p3;
                  if p4 > p3 then
                  begin
                       flag := true;
                       for w := 1 to All do
                           if flag then
                           begin
                                flag := false;
                                for p1s := -1 to 1 do
                                    if not flag then
                                    for p2s := -1 to 1 do
                                        if not flag then
                                        for p3s := -1 to 1 do
                                            if not flag then
                                            for p4s := -1 to 1 do
                                                if not flag then
                                                if w = abs(p1s*p1 + p2s*p2 + p3s*p3 + p4s*p4) then flag := true;
                           end;
                       if flag then writeln('4 pieces: ', p1, ' ', p2, ' ', p3, ' ', p4);
                  end;
             end;
     readln;
end.