关于JSP学习中一些记录
【JSP探究】
一、JSP转换后的源文件的位置
- 由于不同版本的IDEA的默认路径不同，所以我们无法统一按照网上所给路径进行查找
- 我们可以创建一个JavaWeb项目并运行，查看日志就能找到运行时文件所放位置
然后就可以找到了！
二、JSP声明变量的位置
在JSP中用两种声明变量的方法，一种是在<%! %>内，一种是在<% %>内。
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$Title$</title>
</head>
<body>
<%@ page language="java" %>
<%! int count = 0; %>
<% count++; %>
Welcome! You are visitor number
<%= count %>
<%@ page language="java" %>
<% int i = 0; %>
<% i++; %>
Welcome! You are visitor number
<%= i %>
</body>
</body>
</html>
刷新页面运行结果：
package org.apache.jsp;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
public final class index_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent,
org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceImports {
int count = 0; //声明在<%!%>中的变量
private static final javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory _jspxFactory =
javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
private static java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> _jspx_dependants;
private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_packages;
private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_classes;
static {
_jspx_imports_packages = new java.util.HashSet<>();
_jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet");
_jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.http");
_jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.jsp");
_jspx_imports_classes = null;
}
private volatile javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;
private volatile org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_instancemanager;
public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> getDependants() {
return _jspx_dependants;
}
public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getPackageImports() {
return _jspx_imports_packages;
}
public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getClassImports() {
return _jspx_imports_classes;
}
public javax.el.ExpressionFactory _jsp_getExpressionFactory() {
if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
_el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();
}
}
}
return _el_expressionfactory;
}
public org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_getInstanceManager() {
if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
_jsp_instancemanager = org.apache.jasper.runtime.InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(getServletConfig());
}
}
}
return _jsp_instancemanager;
}
public void _jspInit() {
}
public void _jspDestroy() {
}
public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response)
throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException {
if (!javax.servlet.DispatcherType.ERROR.equals(request.getDispatcherType())) {
final java.lang.String _jspx_method = request.getMethod();
if ("OPTIONS".equals(_jspx_method)) {
response.setHeader("Allow","GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS");
return;
}
if (!"GET".equals(_jspx_method) && !"POST".equals(_jspx_method) && !"HEAD".equals(_jspx_method)) {
response.setHeader("Allow","GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS");
response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, "JSP 只允许 GET、POST 或 HEAD。Jasper 还允许 OPTIONS");
return;
}
}
final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
final java.lang.Object page = this;
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;
try {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
null, true, 8192, true);
_jspx_page_context = pageContext;
application = pageContext.getServletContext();
config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
session = pageContext.getSession();
out = pageContext.getOut();
_jspx_out = out;
out.write("\n");
out.write("\n");
out.write("<html>\n");
out.write(" <head>\n");
out.write(" <title>$Title$</title>\n");
out.write(" </head>\n");
out.write(" <body>\n");
out.write('\n');
out.write('\n');
out.write(' ');
out.write(' ');
count++;
out.write("\n");
out.write(" Welcome! You are visitor number\n");
out.write(" ");
out.print( count );
out.write("\n");
out.write(" </body>\n");
out.write("\n");
out.write(" \n");
out.write(" ");
int i = 0; //声明在<% %>中的变量
out.write('\n');
out.write(' ');
out.write(' ');
i++;
out.write("\n");
out.write(" Welcome! You are visitor number\n");
out.write(" ");
out.print( i );
out.write("\n");
out.write(" </body>\n");
out.write("\n");
out.write("\n");
out.write("</html>\n");
out.write("\n");
out.write("\n");
} catch (java.lang.Throwable t) {
if (!(t instanceof javax.servlet.jsp.SkipPageException)){
out = _jspx_out;
if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
try {
if (response.isCommitted()) {
out.flush();
} else {
out.clearBuffer();
}
} catch (java.io.IOException e) {}
if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
else throw new ServletException(t);
}
} finally {
_jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
}
}
}
通过观察代码后我们发现，原先声明在<%! %>内的变量和方法是一个类内的变量和方法也就是成员变量和成员方法。声明在<%%>内的变量是一个方法的变量也就是局部变量。
我们学习JAVA的时候就知道成员变量会被多个对象共享，而局部变量单独对象访问。所以count会自动增加，i不递增。
在这里还有个问题需要说明，如果在<% %>内添加一个method()方法那么该程序就会报错，其实原因不难想象，这样声明一个方法等于就是一个类里的方法里又声明了个方法
结果肯定是错误的。
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