nivacat之单表 sql语句
单表(sql语句)
1.查询所有内容
格式:select * from 表名 ; * 表示的所有
案例:select * from student2 ;
2.查询部分字段内容
格式:select 字段1,字段2 from 表名
案例:select name,age from student2 ;
3.查询的字段设置成别名 as
格式:select 字段名1 as "别名1",字段2 "别名2" from 表;
案例:select name as "姓名",age as"年龄" from student2 ;注意点:as 可写可不写
4.查询内容可以接条件where +条件
select * from student2 where 字段 “=,!=,>,<,<>,>=,<=”
条件1:=(等于);!=(不等于);>(大于);<(小于),<>(不等于),>=(大于等于);<=(小于等于)
例如:select * from student2 where age>23;
条件2:and(同时满足); or(满足 一个条件,或者多个条件);between...and(在什么范围之间) ;in (在一个范围集内);not in(不在一个范围集内);is null(为空);is not null (不为空)
例如:select * from student2 where math>=70 and age>21; >and
select * from student2 where math>=70 or age>21;>or
select * from student2 where age between 19 and 24;==>betwen....and
5.order by 排序
a、降序 desc
格式:select * from 表名 order by 字段名 desc;
案例:select * from student2 ORDER BY english desc ;
b·升序asc
可以省略不写select * from student2 ORDER BY english asc ;
升序select * from student2 ORDER BY english ;(省略不写
c、二次排序
(第一次排序存在相同,就排第二个字段)
案例:select * from student2 ORDER BY english desc,chinese asc;
6.like 模糊查询% :表示匹配1个字符或多个字符_:下划线表示一个字符
案例:#like 模糊匹配
select * from student2 where chinese LIKE "8%" # 匹配8开头的分数
select * from student2 where chinese LIKE "%8" -- 匹配8结尾的分数
select * from student2 where chinese LIKE "%8%" -- 匹配包含8的数据
select * from student2 where chinese LIKE "1__" 匹配1开头下划线几下,100(下划线2下)
7.limit 显示指定的行数,
格式:limt (索引位,步长)索引:一个表格中的索引位从0开始,
举例:第一行索引就0步长:显示多少行
案例:1、select * from student2 limit 2; ==》 显示两行,默认从索引0开始,显示两行
2、select * from student2 limit 1,2; ==》1是显示从第2行开始索引1开始,2是显行
3、先降序在取指定的行数 select * from student2 ORDER BY english desc LIMIT 0,3(3行)
8.#max最大值select max(id) from student2 ;
min最小值select min(id) from student2 ;
avg平均值select avg(id) from student2 ;
-- sum 求和select sum(id) from student2 ;
-- count 统计select count(id) from student2 ;
-- distinct 去重select DISTINCT(class) from student2 ;
9.分组 group by
案例:select class,sum(id) from student2 group by class
10.having 和where的意思是一样,也是接条件案例:分组后接having 再接条件#GROUP BY
select count(name) from student2 GROUP BY sexselect sum(english),sex from student2 GROUP BY sex#接条件:having ,与where意思,group by 后面接havingselect sum(english),sex from student2 GROUP BY sex HAVING sum(english) >260;select sum(english) as s,sex from student2 GROUP BY sex HAVING s >260;
having一般接在group by后面
10.改
格式:UPDATE 表名 set 字段名=新值 where 条件 ;
案例:UPDATE student2 set name="xiaohong" where id =1

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