Oracle Linux 配置 UDEV SCSI Rules 说明

Oracle RAC中ASM 的配置可以有2种方式实现：raw和asmlib。在实际的维护中，更推荐使用raw。

使用raw又有两种方法：使用multipath和UDEV。在Redhat 平台下参考：

Redhat 5.4 +ASM + RAW+ Oracle 10g RAC 安装文档

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/5872593

Redhat 5.4Oracle 10g RAC Openfiler+Multipath + RAW+ ASM 安装文档

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6048792

对于ASMLIB，参考：

RAW+ASM 的RAC 安装文档

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/5332909

这篇看一下OracleLinux 系统下UDEV的配置。

参考文档：

http://www.oracle-base.com/articles/linux/UdevScsiRulesConfigurationInOracleLinux5and6.php

http://www.oracle-base.com/articles/11g/OracleDB11gR2RACInstallationOnOracleLinux6UsingVirtualBox.php

我这里的实验平台是OracleLinux 6.1+Virtual Box。

OracleVirtual Box 安装使用说明

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/6826389

一.准备工作

1.1 创建共享磁盘

这里直接使用VirtualBox命令来创建。创建之前需要先关闭虚拟机。

1.1.1 创建共享目录sharedisk：

F:\VBox\sharedisk

1.1.2 创建虚拟介质

C:\Users\Administrator.DavidDai>cdF:\VBox\sharedisk

C:\Users\Administrator.DavidDai>F:

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManage createhd --filename asm01.vdi --size 5120 --format VDI --variant Fixed

0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

Disk image created. UUID:83552343-5254-4fe0-8f4d-949389a4d528

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManage createhd --filename asm02.vdi --size 5120 --format VDI --variant Fixed

0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

Disk image created. UUID:b96d5ecb-168a-4eaf-851e-0f21961dae4e

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManage createhd --filename asm03.vdi --size 5120 --format VDI --variant Fixed

0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

Disk image created. UUID:fd7bba6c-9530-433f-a7e0-24d470ba1fb9

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManage createhd --filename asm04.vdi --size 5120 --format VDI --variant Fixed

0%...10%...20%...30%...40%...50%...60%...70%...80%...90%...100%

Disk image created. UUID:3239ed0d-bd0b-4124-a389-db21ecbb15db

1.1.3 将虚拟介质匹配到虚拟机上

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManage storageattach OraLinuxRAC1 --storagectl "SATA 控制器" --port 1 --device 0 --type hdd --medium asm01.vdi --mtype shareable

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManage storageattach OraLinuxRAC1 --storagectl "SATA 控制器" --port 2 --device 0 --type hdd --medium asm02.vdi --mtype shareable

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManage storageattach OraLinuxRAC1 --storagectl "SATA 控制器" --port 3 --device 0 --type hdd --medium asm03.vdi --mtype shareable

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManage storageattach OraLinuxRAC1 --storagectl "SATA 控制器" --port 4 --device 0 --type hdd --medium asm04.vdi --mtype shareable

几点注意的地方：

（1）控制器名称

我这里写的是："SATA控制器"，因为我的虚拟机是中文显示的，如下图：

如果是英语的，这里名称就要写成："SATA Controller"，如：

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManagestorageattach OraLinuxRAC1 --storagectl "SATA Controller" --port 1--device 0 --type hdd --medium asm04.vdi --mtype shareable

（2）storageattach 对应的是VM中显示的虚拟机的名称，我这里OraLinuxRAC1.

（3）如果要将磁盘加到其他的节点上，只需要更改这里的虚拟机名称即可。如：

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManagestorageattach OraLinuxRAC2 --storagectl "SATA 控制器" --port 1 --device 0 --typehdd --medium asm04.vdi --mtype shareable

1.1.4 配置虚拟介质共享，这个在VBOX界面也可以操作，这里使用命令

此信息将被记入到每个虚拟磁盘文件的文件头中，故其他其他再使用的时候就无需再设置成共享了。

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManage modifyhdasm01.vdi --type shareable

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManage modifyhdasm02.vdi --type shareable

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManage modifyhdasm03.vdi --type shareable

F:\VBox\sharedisk>VBoxManage modifyhdasm04.vdi --type shareable

1.2 格式化共享介质

启动虚拟机，进行格式化操作

[root@rac1 ~]# cd /dev

[root@rac1 dev]# ls sd*

sda sda1 sda2 sda3 sdb sdc sdd sde

--这里的sdb,sdc,sdd,sde就是我们添加的虚拟介质。

[root@rac1 dev]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x0008dd19

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinderboundary.

/dev/sda2 26 154 1024000 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Partition 2 does not end on cylinderboundary.

/dev/sda3 154 1959 14498816 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a validpartition table

Disk /dev/sdc: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a validpartition table

Disk /dev/sdd: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdd doesn't contain a validpartition table

Disk /dev/sde: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sde doesn't contain a validpartition table

[root@rac1 dev]#

开始格式化介质：

[root@rac1 dev]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOSpartition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with diskidentifier 0xbe1b86b0.

Changes will remain in memory only, untilyou decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous contentwon't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partitiontable 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated.It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-652, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G}(1-652, default 652):

Using default value 652

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

[root@rac1 dev]#

重复以上操作，格式化剩下的3个介质。

验证：

[root@rac1 dev]# ls sd*

sda sda1 sda2 sda3 sdb sdb1 sdc sdc1 sdd sdd1 sde sde1

[root@rac1 dev]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x0008dd19

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinderboundary.

/dev/sda2 26 154 1024000 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Partition 2 does not end on cylinderboundary.

/dev/sda3 154 1959 14498816 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0xbe1b86b0

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 652 5237158+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdc: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x52c60017

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdc1 1 652 5237158+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sdd: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0xb3564300

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdd1 1 652 5237158+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sde: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes /512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512bytes

Disk identifier: 0x688384a0

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sde1 1 652 5237158+ 83 Linux

You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

[root@rac1 dev]#

二. 配置UDEV

2.1 确定SCSI ID

在Oracle Linux 5下，可以使用如下命令：

# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sdb/sdb1

SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBd306dbe0-df3367e3_

# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sdc/sdc1

SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB46dec7e0-192e8000_

# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sdd/sdd1

SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBce8c63bb-ac67a172_

# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u -s /block/sde/sde1

SATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB7437a3b7-95b199cd_

这里的-s 选项，在Oracle Linux 6 中已经不可用了，我这里的环境也是OracleLinux 6的，所以使用命令如下：

[root@rac1 dev]# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u/dev/sdb1

1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83552343-28d5a489

[root@rac1 dev]# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u/dev/sdc1

1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBb96d5ecb-4eae1d96

[root@rac1 dev]# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u/dev/sdd1

1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBfd7bba6c-b91fba70

[root@rac1 dev]# /sbin/scsi_id -g -u/dev/sde1

1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB3239ed0d-db15bbec

2.2 创建并配置UDEVRules 文件

[root@rac1 rules.d]# touch /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

添加如下内容：

KERNEL=="sd?1",BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u /dev/$name",RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB83552343-28d5a489",NAME="asm-disk1", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="dba",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd?1",BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u /dev/$name", RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBb96d5ecb-4eae1d96",NAME="asm-disk2", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="dba",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd?1",BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u /dev/$name",RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBfd7bba6c-b91fba70",NAME="asm-disk3", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="dba",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd?1",BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u /dev/$name",RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB3239ed0d-db15bbec",NAME="asm-disk4", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="dba",MODE="0660"

2.3 Load updated block device partition tables.

# /sbin/partprobe /dev/sdb1

# /sbin/partprobe /dev/sdc1

# /sbin/partprobe /dev/sdd1

# /sbin/partprobe /dev/sde1

2.4 重启UDEV

[root@rac1 dev]# start_udev

Starting udev: [ OK ]

2.5 检查共享设备的所属关系和权限

[root@rac1 rules.d]# cd /dev

[root@rac1 dev]# ls -al asm-disk*

brw-rw----. 1 oracle dba 8, 17 Apr 6 18:04 asm-disk1

brw-rw----. 1 oracle dba 8, 33 Apr 6 18:04 asm-disk2

brw-rw----. 1 oracle dba 8, 49 Apr 6 18:04 asm-disk3

brw-rw----. 1 oracle dba 8, 65 Apr 6 18:04 asm-disk4

至此配置结束，在ASM的配置中，ASM_DISKSTRING参数指向'/dev/asm-disk*'就可以了。

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Oracle Linux 配置 UDEV SCSI Rules 说明

一.准备工作

1.1 创建共享磁盘

几点注意的地方：

1.2 格式化共享介质

开始格式化介质：

验证：

二. 配置UDEV

2.1 确定SCSI ID

2.2 创建并配置UDEVRules 文件

2.3 Load updated block device partition tables.

2.4 重启UDEV

2.5 检查共享设备的所属关系和权限

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