自定义model类插拔式字段

#model.py

from django.db import models
from drf_demo02 import settings

class BaseModel(models.Model):
    is_delete = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name='是否删除')
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, blank=True, verbose_name='创建时间')

    class Meta:
        abstract = True

#db_constraint=False 去除表与表之间的管理关系
#on_delete=models.CASCADE  级联删除
#related_name='books' 反向查询
class Book(BaseModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name='书名')
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5,decimal_places=2,verbose_name='价格')
    author = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author',verbose_name='作者们',db_constraint=False,related_name='books')
    publish = models.ForeignKey(to='Publish',verbose_name='出版社',on_delete=models.CASCADE,db_constraint=False,
                                related_name='books'
                                )

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'book'
        verbose_name = '书表'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    @property   #好处：可以进行插拔式操作
    def join(self):
        return '123'

    #用于跨表查询,可查询出该对象的出版社名字
    @property
    def publish_name(self):
        return self.publish.name

    @property
    def author_list(self):
        author_arr = []
        for author in self.author.all():
            author_arr.append(author.name)
        return author_arr

    @property
    def author_detail_list(self):
        author_detail_arr = []
        for author  in self.author.all():
            author_dic = {}
            author_dic['name'] = author.name
            author_dic['age'] = author.detail.age
            author_dic['phone'] = author.phone
            # print(author.icon,type(author.icon))
            # print(author.detail.icon)     #icon/icon.jpg <class 'django.db.models.fields.files.FieldFile'>
            #icon是FieldFile类型不能序列化，需要转字符串
            author_dic['icon'] = settings.MEDIA_URL + str(author.icon)
            author_detail_arr.append(author_dic)
        return author_detail_arr




class Publish(BaseModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name='出版社名')
    address = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name='地址')
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=11,verbose_name='电话')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'publish'
        verbose_name = '出版社表'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Author(BaseModel):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name='作者名')
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=11,verbose_name='电话')
    icon = models.FileField(upload_to='icon', default='icon/icon.jpg')

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'author'
        verbose_name = '作者表'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class AuthDetail(BaseModel):
    age = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='年龄')
    info = models.TextField(verbose_name='个人信息')
    CHOICES = (
        (0,'女'),
        (1,'男')
    )
    sex = models.IntegerField(choices=CHOICES,default=0,verbose_name='性别')
    author = models.OneToOneField(to='Author',verbose_name='作者',related_name='detail',
                                  on_delete=models.CASCADE,db_constraint=False,null=True)

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'authdetail'
        verbose_name = '作者详情表'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return self.author.name+'的详情表'

 

序列化类：

from . import models
from rest_framework import serializers

class BooksModelsSerailizer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    #自定义字段 不建议书写在Serializer类中，迁移到model
    #在ModelSerailizer类中fields字段不能用__all__，必须自定义，且必须包含自定义字段
    # join = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    # def get_join(self,obj):
    #     return '66666'

    class Meta:
        #显示所有字段
        # fields = '__all__'
        #抛除
        # exclude = ('id','is_delete','create_time')
        #深度显示
        # depth = 1
        #指定字段显示
        fields = ('name','price','publish_name','author_list','author_detail_list')
        model = models.Book

class AuthorsModelsSerailizer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        fields = ('name','phone','icon')
        model = models.Author