NSRegularExpression iOS自带的正则表达式
以前做验证邮箱,电话号码的时候通常用第三方的正则表达式或者NSPredicate(点这里查看以前的文章),在后期,苹果推出了自己的正则表达式来提供给开发者调用,很方便,功能也强大. 具体可以查看官方文档,包括如何书写进行匹配的正则表达式例子,这里我就不多加详述了,因为本人看那一堆符号好烦.....只好直接求助于谷歌了,下面只给出几个常用的. #define KPhoneRegex @"\\d{3}-\\d{8}|\\d{3}-\\d{7}|\\d{4}-\\d{8}|\\d{4}-\\d{7}|1+[358]+\\d{9}|\\d{8}|\\d{7}" #define KWebRegex @"((http[s]{0,1}|ftp)://[a-zA-Z0-9\\.\\-]+\\.([a-zA-Z]{2,4})(:\\d+)?(/[a-zA-Z0-9\\.\\-~!@#$%^&*+?:_/=<>]*)?)|(www.[a-zA-Z0-9\\.\\-]+\\.([a-zA-Z]{2,4})(:\\d+)?(/[a-zA-Z0-9\\.\\-~!@#$%^&*+?:_/=<>]*)?)" #define KWebOtherRegex @"http+:[^\\s]*" #define KEmailRegex @"[A-Z0-9a-z._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\\.[A-Za-z]{2,4}" /** 1. 返回所有匹配结果的集合(适合,从一段字符串中提取我们想要匹配的所有数据) * - (NSArray *)matchesInString:(NSString *)string options:(NSMatchingOptions)options range:(NSRange)range; 2. 返回正确匹配的个数(通过等于0,来验证邮箱,电话什么的,代替NSPredicate) * - (NSUInteger)numberOfMatchesInString:(NSString *)string options:(NSMatchingOptions)options range:(NSRange)range; 3. 返回第一个匹配的结果。注意，匹配的结果保存在 NSTextCheckingResult 类型中 * - (NSTextCheckingResult *)firstMatchInString:(NSString *)string options:(NSMatchingOptions)options range:(NSRange)range; 4. 返回第一个正确匹配结果字符串的NSRange * - (NSRange)rangeOfFirstMatchInString:(NSString *)string options:(NSMatchingOptions)options range:(NSRange)range; 5. block方法 * - (void)enumerateMatchesInString:(NSString *)string options:(NSMatchingOptions)options range:(NSRange)range usingBlock:(void (^)(NSTextCheckingResult *result, NSMatchingFlags flags, BOOL *stop))block; */ /** * enum { NSRegularExpressionCaseInsensitive = 1 << 0, // 不区分大小写的 NSRegularExpressionAllowCommentsAndWhitespace = 1 << 1, // 忽略空格和# - NSRegularExpressionIgnoreMetacharacters = 1 << 2, // 整体化 NSRegularExpressionDotMatchesLineSeparators = 1 << 3, // 匹配任何字符，包括行分隔符 NSRegularExpressionAnchorsMatchLines = 1 << 4, // 允许^和$在匹配的开始和结束行 NSRegularExpressionUseUnixLineSeparators = 1 << 5, // (查找范围为整个的话无效) NSRegularExpressionUseUnicodeWordBoundaries = 1 << 6 // (查找范围为整个的话无效) }; typedef NSUInteger NSRegularExpressionOptions; */ // 下面2个枚举貌似都没什么意义,除了在block方法中,一般情况下,直接给0吧 /** * enum { NSMatchingReportProgress = 1 << 0, NSMatchingReportCompletion = 1 << 1, NSMatchingAnchored = 1 << 2, NSMatchingWithTransparentBounds = 1 << 3, NSMatchingWithoutAnchoringBounds = 1 << 4 }; typedef NSUInteger NSMatchingOptions; */ /** 此枚举值只在5.block方法中用到 * enum { NSMatchingProgress = 1 << 0, NSMatchingCompleted = 1 << 1, NSMatchingHitEnd = 1 << 2, NSMatchingRequiredEnd = 1 << 3, NSMatchingInternalError = 1 << 4 }; typedef NSUInteger NSMatchingFlags; */ // 测试字符串，把里面的电话号码解析出来 NSString *urlString = @"哈哈哈哈呵呵呵s15279107723在这里啊啊啊啊s15279107716"; NSError *error = NULL; // 根据匹配条件,创建了一个正则表达式(类方法,实例方法类似) NSRegularExpression *regex = [NSRegularExpression regularExpressionWithPattern:KPhoneRegex options:NSRegularExpressionCaseInsensitive error:&error]; if (regex != nil) { // 3..... NSTextCheckingResult *firstMatch = [regex firstMatchInString:urlString options:0 range:NSMakeRange(0, [urlString length])]; if (firstMatch) { NSRange resultRange = [firstMatch rangeAtIndex:0]; //从urlString中截取数据 NSString *result = [urlString substringWithRange:resultRange]; NSLog(@"result = %@",result); } // 2..... NSUInteger number = [regex numberOfMatchesInString:urlString options:0 range:NSMakeRange(0, [urlString length])]; NSLog(@"number = %ld",number); // 5.....(坑爹的返回第一个匹配结果) [regex enumerateMatchesInString:urlString options:0 range:NSMakeRange(0, [urlString length]) usingBlock:^(NSTextCheckingResult *result, NSMatchingFlags flags, BOOL *stop) { NSLog(@"---%@",NSStringFromRange([result range])); if (flags != NSMatchingInternalError) { NSRange firstHalfRange = [result rangeAtIndex:0]; if (firstHalfRange.length > 0) { NSString *resultString1 = [urlString substringWithRange:firstHalfRange]; NSLog(@"result1 = %@",resultString1); } } *stop = YES; }]; } // 替换掉你要匹配的字符串 NSString *reString = [regex stringByReplacingMatchesInString:urlString options:0 range:NSMakeRange(0, [urlString length]) withTemplate:@"(我就是替换的值)"]; NSLog(@"reString = %@",reString); // 还有2个方法大家可以去尝试看看 // 1. NSMutableArray *oneArray = [self _matchLinkWithStr:urlString withMatchStr:KPhoneRegex]; for (NSString *phone in oneArray) { NSLog(@"phone = %@",phone); } // 1..... - (NSMutableArray *)_matchLinkWithStr:(NSString *)str withMatchStr:(NSString *)matchRegex; { NSError *error = NULL; NSRegularExpression *reg = [NSRegularExpression regularExpressionWithPattern:matchRegex options:NSRegularExpressionCaseInsensitive error:&error]; NSArray *match = [reg matchesInString:str options:NSMatchingReportCompletion range:NSMakeRange(0, [str length])]; NSMutableArray *rangeArr = [NSMutableArray array]; // 取得所有的NSRange对象 if(match.count != 0) { for (NSTextCheckingResult *matc in match) { NSRange range = [matc range]; NSValue *value = [NSValue valueWithRange:range]; [rangeArr addObject:value]; } } // 将要匹配的值取出来,存入数组当中 __block NSMutableArray *mulArr = [NSMutableArray array]; [rangeArr enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop) { NSValue *value = (NSValue *)obj; NSRange range = [value rangeValue]; [mulArr addObject:[str substringWithRange:range]]; }]; return mulArr; }
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