centos7 安装 cobbler 实现无人值守装机
一.安装
安装 epel-release, CentOS 自带的 yum repo 中不带有 cobbler 与 cobbler-web:
yum install epel-release
安装 cobbler 与依赖：
yum -y install httpd dhcp tftp python-ctypes cobbler xinetd cobbler-web
Running transaction check
cobbler x86_64 2.8.4-4.el7 epel 578 k
cobbler-web noarch 2.8.4-4.el7 epel 289 k
Installing for dependencies:
PyYAML x86_64 3.10-11.el7 base 153 k
libyaml x86_64 0.1.4-11.el7_0 base 55 k
mod_ssl x86_64 1:2.4.6-89.el7.centos updates 112 k
mod_wsgi x86_64 3.4-18.el7 base 77 k
python-cheetah x86_64 2.4.4-5.el7.centos extras 341 k
python-django-bash-completion noarch 1.11.21-1.el7 epel 9.9 k
python-netaddr noarch 0.7.5-9.el7 base 983 k
python-pillow x86_64 2.0.0-19.gitd1c6db8.el7 base 438 k
python-pygments noarch 1.4-10.el7 base 599 k
python2-django noarch 1.11.21-1.el7 epel 4.2 M
python2-markdown noarch 2.4.1-4.el7 epel 250 k
python2-pyyaml noarch 3.10-0.el7 epel 3.0 k
python2-simplejson x86_64 3.10.0-2.el7 epel 188 k
syslinux x86_64 4.05-15.el7 base 990 k
tftp-server x86_64 5.2-22.el7 base 47 k
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================================================
Install 2 Packages (+15 Dependent packages)
关闭防火墙、关闭selinux：
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld setenforce 0
sed -ri 's/(^SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
下载cobbler 缺失文件：
systemctl start cobblerd
systemctl start httpd
cobbler get-loaders
二.配置
修改配置文件：
| /etc/xinetd.d/tftp |
# 1) 修改为 no disable = yes |
| /etc/cobbler/settings |
# 1) 修改为本机 IP server: 127.0.0.1 next_server: 127.0.0.1 # 2) 修改为 1 manage_dhcp: 0 # 3) 修改为使用 openssl passwd -1 -salt "$RANDOM" "passwd" 生成的密码 default_password_crypted:xxx |
| /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template |
1) 将 option routers 与 option domain-name-servers 修改为本机 IP |
启动并允许开机自启各种服务：
systemctl enable xinetd dhcpd httpd rsyncd cobblerd
systemctl restart xinetd dhcpd httpd rsyncd cobblerd
导入镜像：
# /mnt/iso 中已经有系统镜像
cobbler import --path=/mnt/iso --name=CentOS-7.4-1708 --arch=x86_64
# 列出镜像
cobbler list
cobbler profile list
cobbler profile report
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile list
CentOS-7.4-1708-x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile edit --name CentOS-7.4-1708-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/legacy.ks
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler profile report # 或者 cobbler distro report --name=CentOS-7.4-1708-x86_64
Name : CentOS-7.4-1708-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files : {}
Comment :
DHCP Tag : default
Distribution : CentOS-7.4-1708-x86_64
Enable gPXE? : 0
Enable PXE Menu? : 1
Fetchable Files : {}
Kernel Options : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/legacy.ks
Kickstart Metadata : {}
Management Classes : []
Management Parameters : <<inherit>>
Name Servers : []
Name Servers Search Path : []
Owners : ['admin']
Parent Profile :
Internal proxy :
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Repos : []
Server Override : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
Virt Auto Boot : 1
Virt Bridge : xenbr0
Virt CPUs : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type : raw
Virt File Size(GB) : 5
Virt Path :
Virt RAM (MB) : 512
Virt Type : kvm
配置自己的 kickstart 文件到 /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts：
cobbler profile edit --name CentOS-7.4-1708-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/legacy.ks
修改需要同步一下： cobbler sync
注意：
- ks 中一定要指定从网络安装，并指明 url 路径： url --url=$tree ；
- 一般 /root/anaconda-ks.cfg 文件中指明的安装方式为： cdrom ，url 需要在 cdrom 之后出现，后来者覆盖；
至此已经可以通过 pxe 安装系统了。
三.web 访问：
https://<ip>/cobbler_web (账号密码均为 cobbler) 不可用，需要如此如此(参考)：
wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
python get-pip.py
pip install Django==1.8.9
pip install ipaddress
systemctl restart httpd
通过 yum 安装的 django 为 1.11.21,反而不如 1.8.9 能用：
[root@localhost ~]# pip install Django==1.8.9 DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 will reach the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 won't be maintained after that date. A future version of pip will drop support for Python 2.7. Collecting Django==1.8.9 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a7/a2/f4e7926062f5c61d98e87b9d0365ca1a0fab6be599dbea90ce2fab27f395/Django-1.8.9-py2.py3-none-any.whl (6.2MB) |████████████████████████████████| 6.2MB 112kB/s Installing collected packages: Django Found existing installation: Django 1.11.21 Uninstalling Django-1.11.21: Successfully uninstalled Django-1.11.21 Successfully installed Django-1.8.9
四.要点总结
- kickstart 文件中一定要有 url 指明从网络启动；
- /etc/cobbler/modules.conf 文件中不能有行内注释；(可以如此后，systemctl restart cobblerd && cobbler check 即可发现不妥)
- 要先有网卡 ip，/etc/cobbler/setting 文件中的 server 字段指出的 ip 一定要已经配置好，否则：
[root@localhost ~]# cobbler check
^Chttpd does not appear to be running and proxying cobbler, or SELinux is in the way. Original traceback:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cobbler/cli.py", line 251, in check_setup
s.ping()
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/xmlrpclib.py", line 1233, in __call__
return self.__send(self.__name, args)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/xmlrpclib.py", line 1591, in __request
verbose=self.__verbose
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/xmlrpclib.py", line 1273, in request
return self.single_request(host, handler, request_body, verbose)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/xmlrpclib.py", line 1301, in single_request
self.send_content(h, request_body)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/xmlrpclib.py", line 1448, in send_content
connection.endheaders(request_body)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/httplib.py", line 1037, in endheaders
self._send_output(message_body)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/httplib.py", line 881, in _send_output
self.send(msg)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/httplib.py", line 843, in send
self.connect()
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/httplib.py", line 824, in connect
self.timeout, self.source_address) File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/socket.py", line 562, in create_connection
sock.connect(sa)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/socket.py", line 224, in meth
return getattr(self._sock,name)(*args)
KeyboardInterrupt
cobbler 安装与配置参考：
浙公网安备 33010602011771号