django Admin

admin是django强大功能之一，它能共从数据库中读取数据，呈现在页面中，进行管理。可以理解为数据库的web版

 

正常情况下创建超级用户，默认以name为用户名登陆

python manage.py createsuperuser

 

默认为英文界面，如果想用中文

#settings.py 设置

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'  #LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

 

将models里的模型注册到admin后台里

在admin.py里注册

①、使用register的方法
admin.site.register(Book,MyAdmin)

②、使用register的装饰器
@admin.register(Book)

 

示例一（search_fields,list_display）

#admin.py

from django.contrib import admin
from web import models

class HostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    search_fields = ('hostname','ip_addr')　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#search_fields表示搜索的时候的搜索依据如下图所示
    list_display = ('hostname','ip_addr','port','system_type','enabled')　　　　　　#list_display表示在菜单里列出的字段

admin.site.register(models.Hosts,HostAdmin)　　　　#这里的HostAdmin为上面定义的HostAdmin类
admin.site.register(models.IDC)
admin.site.register(models.Department)
admin.site.register(models.Session)

 

 

示例二(__str__)

#models.py

class IDC(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True)

    #def __str__(self):        　　　　　　　　　　#这里定义了idc字段在web界面里返回的是一个值，而不是一个对象，如下图所示
        #return self.name

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = 'IDC'
        verbose_name_plural = 'IDC'    

 

 

 示例三 list_filter

#models.py

class Hosts(models.Model):
    hostname = models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True)
    ip_addr = models.GenericIPAddressField(unique=True)
    system_type_choices = (
        ('windows', 'Windows'),
        ('linux', 'Linux/Unix')
    )
    idc = models.ForeignKey('IDC')
    system_type = models.CharField(choices=system_type_choices, max_length=32, default='linux')
    port = models.IntegerField(default=22)
    enabled = models.BooleanField(default=True, help_text='主机若不想被用户访问可以去掉此选项')
    # host_users = models.ForeignKey('HostUsers')
    # host_groups = models.ForeignKey('HostGroups')
    memo = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=True, null=True)
    created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s(%s)' % (self.hostname, self.ip_addr)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '主机'
        verbose_name_plural = '主机'


#admin.py

from django.contrib import admin
from web import models

class HostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    search_fields = ('hostname','ip_addr')
    list_display = ('hostname','ip_addr','port','system_type','enabled')
    list_filter = ("ip_addr",)　　　　　　　　　　#表示作为过滤条件的字段，这里写上字段后，默认会以字段的内容结果作为过滤条件，如下图

 

 在看一个示例

#models.py

class AuditLog(models.Model):
    session = models.ForeignKey(SessionTrack)
    user = models.ForeignKey('UserProfile')
    host = models.ForeignKey('BindHosts')
    action_choices = (
        (0, 'CMD'),
        (1, 'Login'),
        (2, 'Logout'),
        (3, 'GetFile'),
        (4, 'SendFile'),
        (5, 'exception'),
    )
    action_type = models.IntegerField(choices=action_choices, default=0)
    cmd = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    memo = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=True, null=True)
    date = models.DateTimeField()

    def __str__(self):
        return '%s-->%s@%s:%s' % (self.user.email, self.host.host_user.username, self.host.host.ip_addr, self.cmd)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = '审计日志'
        verbose_name_plural = '审计日志'


# admin.py

class AuditLogAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('id','session','user','host','action_type','cmd','date')
    list_filter = ('session','user','host','action_type','date')
    search_fields = ['user__user__username','host__host__hostname','host__host__ip_addr','cmd']　　　　#看下图
    actions = ['make_published']
　　 ordering = ("-id",)　　　　　　　　　　#表示将数据根据id排序
    list_per_page =20
    choice_fields = ('action_type',)
    fk_fields = ('user','host')

    colored_fields = {
        'action_type':{'Login':'#83e277','Logout':'orange'}
    }

    def get_actions(self, request):
        actions = super(AuditLogAdmin, self).get_actions(request)

        if 'delete_selected' in actions:
            del actions['delete_selected']
        return actions

    def make_published(self, request, queryset):
        rows_deleted = models.AuditLog.objects.all()
        #if rows_updated == 1:
        message_bit = "1 story was"
        #else:
        #    message_bit = "%s stories were" % rows_updated
        self.message_user(request, "%s successfully marked as published." % message_bit)
    make_published.short_description = '删除3个月以前的审计日志' #

    def suit_row_attributes(self, obj, request):
        css_class = {
            1: 'success',
            2: 'warning',
            5: 'error',
        }.get(obj.action_type)
        if css_class:
            return {'class': css_class, 'data': obj.action_type}


    def has_add_permission(self, request, obj=None):
        return False

    def has_delete_permission(self, request, obj=None):
        return False