DI依赖注入
依赖注入
构造器注入
环境搭建
- 复杂类型
package com.god.pojo;
public class Address {
private String address;
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
}
- 真实测试对象
public class Student {
private String name;
private Address address;
private String[] books;
private List<String> hobbys;
private Map<String,String> card;
private Set<String> games;
private String wife;
private Properties info;
}
- beans.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="student" class="com.god.pojo.Student">
<!--第一种,普通值注入,value-->
<property name="name" value="Dominus"/>
</bean>
</beans>
- 测试类
import com.god.pojo.Student;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MyTest {
static void main() {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
Student student = (Student)context.getBean("student");
System.out.println(student.getName());
}
}
完善注入信息:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="address" class="com.god.pojo.Address"/>
<bean id="student" class="com.god.pojo.Student">
<!--第一种,普通值注入,value-->
<property name="name" value="Dominus"/>
<!--第二种,Bean注入,ref-->
<property name="address" ref="address"/>
<!--数组注入,array-->
<property name="books">
<array>
<value>红楼梦</value>
<value>寻梦环游记</value>
<value>西游记</value>
</array>
</property>
<!--List-->
<property name="hobbys">
<list>
<value>足球</value>
<value>棒球</value>
</list>
</property>
<!--Map-->
<property name="card">
<map>
<entry key="身份证" value="123123122312312013"/>
<entry key="银行卡" value="99999999999996"/>
</map>
</property>
<!--Set-->
<property name="games">
<set>
<value>洛克王国</value>
<value>GTA</value>
</set>
</property>
<!--null-->
<property name="wife">
<null/>
</property>
<!--Properties-->
<property name="info">
<props>
<prop key="学号">666</prop>
<prop key="身高">1.87</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
拓展方式注入
可以使用p命名空间和c命名空间进行注入
<userbeans.xml>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!--p命名空间注入,可以直接注入属性的值:property-->
<bean id="user" class="com.god.pojo.User" p:name="Zlatan" p:age="38"/>
<!--c命名空间注入,通过构造器注入:construct-args-->
<bean id="user2" class="com.god.pojo.User" c:name="liuyf" c:age="18"/>
</beans>
测试:
@Test
public void test2(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("userbeans.xml");
User user = context.getBean("user2", User.class);
System.out.println(user.toString());
}
注意点:p命名空间和c命名空间不能直接使用,需要导入约束
需要添加:
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
bean的作用域

- 单例模式(Spring默认机制)
<bean id="user2" class="com.god.pojo.User" c:name="liuyf" c:age="18" scope="singleton"/>
- 原型模式:每次从容器中get的时候,都会产生一个新对象
<bean id="user2" class="com.god.pojo.User" c:name="liuyf" c:age="18" scope="prototype"/>
- 其余的,request、session、application,这些只能在web开发中使用到
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