docker网络类型访问原理

• bridge
      –net=bridge 默认网络,Docker启动后创建一个docker0网桥,默认创建的容器也是添加到这个网桥中。
• host –net=host
      容器不会获得一个独立的network namespace,而是与宿主机共用一个。这就意味着容器不会有自己的网卡信息,而是使用宿主
      机的。容器除了网络,其他都是隔离的。
• none
–net=none
      获取独立的network namespace,但不为容器进行任何网络配置,需要我们手动配置。
• container
     –net=container:Name/ID
     与指定的容器使用同一个network namespace,具有同样的网络配置信息,两个容器除了网络,其他都还是隔离的。
     (两个容器公用一个网络一个网络协议栈,即两个容器使用localhost就可以通信,除了网络,两个容器是完全隔离的。)
• 自定义网络 
     与默认的bridge原理一样,但自定义网络具备内部DNS发现,可以通过容器名或者主机名容器之间网络通信。
 
 
================================bridge================================
容器通过docker0网桥进行桥接。
root@bogon: ~ 16:48:28
$ ifconfig
docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        inet6 fe80::42:3ff:fe27:1f7  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 02:42:03:27:01:f7  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 8  bytes 648 (648.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.199  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
        inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe1e:8ac2  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 08:00:27:1e:8a:c2  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 21860  bytes 2196175 (2.0 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 3  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 1589  bytes 182901 (178.6 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 180  bytes 17196 (16.7 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 180  bytes 17196 (16.7 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

vethc2d4dce: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet6 fe80::b8cb:20ff:fe69:4ab8  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether ba:cb:20:69:4a:b8  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 16  bytes 1296 (1.2 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

root@bogon: ~ 16:48:30
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
fab507bd2161        busybox             "sh"                37 seconds ago      Up 37 seconds                           recursing_swartz
root@bogon: ~ 16:48:44
$ docker exec -it fab507bd2161 sh
/ # ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:42:AC:11:00:02  
          inet addr:172.17.0.2  Bcast:172.17.255.255  Mask:255.255.0.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:1296 (1.2 KiB)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

/ # 



================================host================================
跟宿主机公用一个网络,so网卡信息都是一样的
root@bogon: ~ 16:58:59
$ docker run -itd --rm --net=host busybox
6e40617ab30e53fc8849ab580a4e7a60e4f376353a1d65cdd8febc1c8622d24f
root@bogon: ~ 16:59:04
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
6e40617ab30e        busybox             "sh"                2 seconds ago       Up 1 second                             wizardly_brahmagupta
root@bogon: ~ 16:59:06
$ docker exec -it 6e40617ab30e sh
/ # ifconfig
docker0   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:42:03:27:01:F7  
          inet addr:172.17.0.1  Bcast:172.17.255.255  Mask:255.255.0.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::42:3ff:fe27:1f7/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:250 (250.0 B)  TX bytes:1043 (1.0 KiB)

enp0s3    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:1E:8A:C2  
          inet addr:192.168.1.199  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe1e:8ac2/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:24898 errors:0 dropped:3 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:2062 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:2424786 (2.3 MiB)  TX bytes:263987 (257.7 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:180 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:180 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:17196 (16.7 KiB)  TX bytes:17196 (16.7 KiB)

/ # root@bogon: ~ 16:59:24
$ ifconfig
docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        inet6 fe80::42:3ff:fe27:1f7  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 02:42:03:27:01:f7  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 5  bytes 250 (250.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 13  bytes 1043 (1.0 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.199  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
        inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe1e:8ac2  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 08:00:27:1e:8a:c2  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 24920  bytes 2427186 (2.3 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 3  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 2073  bytes 268569 (262.2 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 180  bytes 17196 (16.7 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 180  bytes 17196 (16.7 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

root@bogon: ~ 16:59:26
$ 
================================none================================
不常用,不搞了,要手动配ip
root@bogon: ~ 17:05:41
$ docker run -itd --rm --net=none busybox
ca0e32032a93e4f5562ff027f9077f28071ac0f202497ee60883cc32f715cdfc
root@bogon: ~ 17:05:57
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
ca0e32032a93        busybox             "sh"                4 seconds ago       Up 3 seconds                            focused_ptolemy
root@bogon: ~ 17:06:01
$ docker exec -it ca0e32032a93e4f5562ff027f9077f28071ac0f202497ee60883cc32f715cdfc sh
/ # ifconfig
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

/ # 
================================container================================
创建一个host网络类型容器,然后通过--net=container:容器ID,指定新容器使用同一个网络协议栈network namespace。
root@bogon: ~ 17:15:43
$ docker run -itd --rm --net=host busybox
6f0506776fcca633d70dc7f91010b3c4c049f13aff839bd73e57e6717a8ac391
root@bogon: ~ 17:16:00
$ docker exec -it 6f0506776fcca633d70dc7f91010b3c4c049f13aff839bd73e57e6717a8ac391 sh
/ # ifconfig 
docker0   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:42:03:27:01:F7  
          inet addr:172.17.0.1  Bcast:172.17.255.255  Mask:255.255.0.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::42:3ff:fe27:1f7/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:250 (250.0 B)  TX bytes:1043 (1.0 KiB)

enp0s3    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:1E:8A:C2  
          inet addr:192.168.1.199  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe1e:8ac2/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:31244 errors:0 dropped:3 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:3486 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:2945753 (2.8 MiB)  TX bytes:593015 (579.1 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:180 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:180 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:17196 (16.7 KiB)  TX bytes:17196 (16.7 KiB)

/ # exit
root@bogon: ~ 17:16:18
$ docker run -itd --rm --net=container:6f0506776fcca633d70dc7f91010b3c4c049f13aff839bd73e57e6717a8ac391 busybox
d020d4968fe9fa73d1dfbaef4a7b2672aa18c8806a56c54374c3b9e0ffd9ae9d
root@bogon: ~ 17:16:53
$ docker exec -it d020d4968fe9fa73d1dfbaef4a7b2672aa18c8806a56c54374c3b9e0ffd9ae9d sh
/ # ifconfig
docker0   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:42:03:27:01:F7  
          inet addr:172.17.0.1  Bcast:172.17.255.255  Mask:255.255.0.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::42:3ff:fe27:1f7/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:250 (250.0 B)  TX bytes:1043 (1.0 KiB)

enp0s3    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:1E:8A:C2  
          inet addr:192.168.1.199  Bcast:192.168.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe1e:8ac2/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:31775 errors:0 dropped:3 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:3643 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:2994351 (2.8 MiB)  TX bytes:621099 (606.5 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:180 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:180 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:17196 (16.7 KiB)  TX bytes:17196 (16.7 KiB)

/ # 
================================自定义网络================================
内部有DNS发现,给你写好了hosts,一个自定义网络内部可以直接通过容器name进行访问
root@bogon: ~ 17:28:17 $ docker network create test 2c8ded728719aa5ffeba59c16264954c7eccdad7c435fae34bf39ee41dfb87d4 root@bogon: ~ 17:29:26 $ docker network ls NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE a8f190100335 bridge bridge local 1ff2dd488eff host host local 1c8102042db6 none null local 2c8ded728719 test bridge local root@bogon: ~ 17:29:32 $ docker run -itd --name web01 --net=test busybox 28363b6fdb344d3a70d91a5eb7f6b1a5b839159d811f6caf75a2becd29b8581e root@bogon: ~ 17:30:02 $ docker run -itd --name db01 --net=test busybox 4d7e3565eb53758e6b04c1b53a6e99e5e6f05952d447a8a77e8a62acf1278f42 root@bogon: ~ 17:30:27 $ docker exec -it 28363b6fdb344d3a70d91a5eb7f6b1a5b839159d811f6caf75a2becd29b8581e sh / # ping db01 PING db01 (172.18.0.3): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.070 ms 64 bytes from 172.18.0.3: seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.080 ms ^C --- db01 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0.070/0.075/0.080 ms / # root@bogon: ~ 17:30:50 $ docker exec -it 4d7e3565eb53758e6b04c1b53a6e99e5e6f05952d447a8a77e8a62acf1278f42 sh / # ping web01 PING web01 (172.18.0.2): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 172.18.0.2: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.064 ms ^C --- web01 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0.064/0.064/0.064 ms / # root@bogon: ~ 17:31:10 $ docker network inspect test [ { "Name": "test", "Id": "2c8ded728719aa5ffeba59c16264954c7eccdad7c435fae34bf39ee41dfb87d4", "Created": "2019-03-14T17:29:26.179582934+08:00", "Scope": "local", "Driver": "bridge", "EnableIPv6": false, "IPAM": { "Driver": "default", "Options": {}, "Config": [ { "Subnet": "172.18.0.0/16", "Gateway": "172.18.0.1" } ] }, "Internal": false, "Attachable": false, "Ingress": false, "ConfigFrom": { "Network": "" }, "ConfigOnly": false, "Containers": { "28363b6fdb344d3a70d91a5eb7f6b1a5b839159d811f6caf75a2becd29b8581e": { "Name": "web01", "EndpointID": "081a4d0f669d220cea6e049c0fb8c70f151e03e728f1566c6115ca84b9933fea", "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:02", "IPv4Address": "172.18.0.2/16", "IPv6Address": "" }, "4d7e3565eb53758e6b04c1b53a6e99e5e6f05952d447a8a77e8a62acf1278f42": { "Name": "db01", "EndpointID": "3b696c978c70afe6464ce07a9085b658dfb63330efd80ecfa666cf852b2f96db", "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:03", "IPv4Address": "172.18.0.3/16", "IPv6Address": "" } }, "Options": {}, "Labels": {} } ] root@bogon: ~ 17:31:21 $ ================================traceroute================================ $ traceroute baidu.com traceroute to baidu.com (220.181.57.216), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 bogon (192.168.1.1) 1.418 ms 1.255 ms 1.155 ms 2 * * * 3 * * 10.20.1.113 (10.20.1.113) 4.131 ms 4 bogon (10.30.0.53) 4.800 ms 3.980 ms 4.595 ms 5 1.119.129.1 (1.119.129.1) 7.124 ms 7.235 ms 7.515 ms 6 33.171.143.219.broad.bj.bj.dynamic.163data.com.cn (219.143.171.33) 5.311 ms * * 7 * * * 8 36.110.244.46 (36.110.244.46) 5.232 ms 5.121 ms 220.181.0.54 (220.181.0.54) 6.399 ms 9 36.110.244.102 (36.110.244.102) 14.519 ms *^C root@bogon: ~ 17:36:26 $

 

posted @ 2019-03-14 17:48  kkblog  阅读(454)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报