docekr 常用命令
1：ls 列出容器
$ docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
jdk 8 fec5236a803b 48 seconds ago 643MB
nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 6 days ago 109MB
centos 7 1e1148e4cc2c 3 months ago 202MB
java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 2 years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ 19:41:10
$
2：inspect 查看一个或多个容器详细信息
root@bogon: ~ 19:42:19
$ docker inspect 42d6729d3d02
root@bogon: ~ 20:08:12 #获取正在运行的容器IP
$ docker inspect --format='{{range .NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' 025f1f92a6eb
172.17.0.2
3:exec 进入容器可写层（在容器中执行命令）
root@bogon: ~ 19:43:09
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 80/tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0
root@bogon: ~ 19:43:14
$ docker exec -it 42d6729d3d02 bash
4:commit 在运行的容器制作成镜像显示在docker image ls中
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 80/tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0
root@bogon: ~ 19:44:20
$ docker commit -a "hctest" -m "this is test" e125d0e27a24 jdk:8
5:cp 拷贝文件/文件夹到一个容器
root@bogon: ~ 19:46:01
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 80/tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0
root@bogon: ~ 19:46:04
$ ls
anaconda-ks.cfg ini.sh nginx.tar
root@bogon: ~ 19:46:08
$ docker cp /root/nginx.tar 42d6729d3d02:/root
root@bogon: ~ 19:46:35
$ docker exec -it 42d6729d3d02 bash
root@42d6729d3d02:/# cd /root
root@42d6729d3d02:~# ls
nginx.tar
root@42d6729d3d02:~# cd /tmp
root@42d6729d3d02:/tmp# ls
root@42d6729d3d02:/tmp# mkdir cptest
root@42d6729d3d02:/tmp# exit
exit
root@bogon: ~ 19:47:15
$ docker cp 42d6729d3d02:/tmp/cptest /root
root@bogon: ~ 19:47:29
$ ls
anaconda-ks.cfg cptest ini.sh nginx.tar
root@bogon: ~ 19:47:30
$
6:logs 获取容器日志
root@bogon: ~ 19:49:07
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 80/tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0
root@bogon: ~ 19:49:10
$ docker logs -f 025f1f92a6eb
192.168.1.7 - - [11/Mar/2019:11:49:30 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.121 Safari/537.36" "-"
2019/03/11 11:49:31 [error] 6#6: *1 open() "/usr/share/nginx/html/favicon.ico" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 192.168.1.7, server: localhost, request: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1", host: "192.168.1.199", referrer: "http://192.168.1.199/"
192.168.1.7 - - [11/Mar/2019:11:49:31 +0000] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 555 "http://192.168.1.199/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.121 Safari/537.36" "-"
^C
root@bogon: ~ 19:50:09
$
OPTIONS说明：
-f : 跟踪日志输出
docker logs -f 025f1f92a6eb
--since :显示某个开始时间的所有日志
docker logs --since="2019-03-12" --tail=10 025f1f92a6eb
-t : 显示时间戳
docker logs -t 025f1f92a6eb
--tail :仅列出最新N条容器日志
root@bogon: ~ 19:52:13
$ docker logs --tail 1 025f1f92a6eb
192.168.1.7 - - [11/Mar/2019:11:49:31 +0000] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 555 "http://192.168.1.199/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.121 Safari/537.36" "-"
root@bogon: ~ 19:52:19
$
7 port 列出或者指定容器端口映射
root@bogon: ~ 19:57:59
$ docker port 025f1f92a6eb
80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:80
root@bogon: ~ 19:58:04
$
8: top 显示一个容器运行的进程
root@bogon: ~ 19:58:46
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f58621ab588 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp test99
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 80/tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0
root@bogon: ~ 19:58:48
$ docker top 025f1f92a6eb
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 30271 30255 0 16:57 pts/0 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
101 30300 30271 0 16:57 pts/0 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root@bogon: ~ 19:58:55
$
8:stats 显示容器资源使用统计
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f58621ab588 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp test99
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 80/tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0
root@bogon: ~ 19:59:32
$ docker stats 025f1f92a6eb
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
025f1f92a6eb nginx1.0 0.00% 1.379MiB / 3.701GiB 0.04% 2.5kB / 2.4kB 0B / 0B 2
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
025f1f92a6eb nginx1.0 0.00% 1.379MiB / 3.701GiB 0.04% 2.5kB / 2.4kB 0B / 0B 2
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
025f1f92a6eb nginx1.0 0.00% 1.379MiB / 3.701GiB 0.04% 2.5kB / 2.4kB 0B / 0B 2
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
025f1f92a6eb nginx1.0 0.00% 1.379MiB / 3.701GiB 0.04% 2.5kB / 2.4kB 0B / 0B 2
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
025f1f92a6eb nginx1.0 0.00% 1.379MiB / 3.701GiB 0.04% 2.5kB / 2.4kB 0B / 0B 2
^C
root@bogon: ~ 19:59:41
$
9:stop/start 停止启动一个容器或多个
root@bogon: ~ 20:00:19
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f58621ab588 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp test99
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 80/tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0
root@bogon: ~ 20:00:20
$ docker stop 42d6729d3d02
42d6729d3d02
root@bogon: ~ 20:00:37
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f58621ab588 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 6 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp test99
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Exited (0) 3 seconds ago nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0
root@bogon: ~ 20:00:41
$ docker start 42d6729d3d02
42d6729d3d02
root@bogon: ~ 20:00:50
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f58621ab588 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 6 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp test99
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 3 seconds 80/tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0
root@bogon: ~ 20:00:53
$
10:rm 删除一个或者多个容器(先停止在删除)
root@bogon: ~ 20:01:17
$ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8f58621ab588 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 6 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 0.0.0.0:8888->80/tcp test99
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 29 seconds 80/tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0
root@bogon: ~ 20:01:19
$ docker rm 8f58621ab588
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container 8f58621ab5880a360ea0714a73f0d700b5a9616b1308f0c681ac1d8af91c8437. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
root@bogon: ~ 20:01:24
$ docker stop 8f58621ab588
8f58621ab588
root@bogon: ~ 20:01:28
$ docker rm 8f58621ab588
8f58621ab588
root@bogon: ~ 20:01:32
$
11 ps 列出容器
root@bogon: ~ 20:03:37
$ docker ps -a #列出所有容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 2 minutes 80/tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours test10
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0
root@bogon: ~ 20:03:47
$ docker ps -a -q #只列出容器ID
42d6729d3d02
e125d0e27a24
e2b78fc1b028
025f1f92a6eb
root@bogon: ~ 20:03:53
$ docker ps -n 3 #列出最近创建的3个容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 3 minutes 80/tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours test10
root@bogon: ~ 20:04:01
$ docker ps -s #列出容器显示大小
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES SIZE
42d6729d3d02 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 2 hours ago Up 3 minutes 80/tcp nginx01 113MB (virtual 222MB)
e125d0e27a24 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11 11B (virtual 643MB)
e2b78fc1b028 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours test10 79B (virtual 643MB)
025f1f92a6eb nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0 19B (virtual 109MB)
root@bogon: ~ 20:04:06
$ docker ps --no-trunc #持续不断输出容器
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
42d6729d3d023a649117fba59d2fbd1d9212c3d6d0ce5bbe16c90aa845239574 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon off;'" 2 hours ago Up 3 minutes 80/tcp nginx01
e125d0e27a24040cc89f9e71d52ab6a3c1b22a5c35cf17a5e94de3ce25c84100 java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp test11
e2b78fc1b02881626a0eb40f138eee28f5d0de3f2471b29c2ef8be7eff3d964c java:8 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours test10
025f1f92a6eb887f59d37813b0e251c524b47c645a33a13f72c31b6e082c467b nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon off;'" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp nginx1.0
root@bogon: ~ 20:04:25
$
12：export 将文件系统作为一个tar文档文件导出到stdout
root@bogon: ~ 20:19:45
$ docker export -o nginx-`date +%Y%m%d`.tar 025f1f92a6eb
root@bogon: ~ 20:20:16
$ ls -lh
总用量 214M
-rw-------. 1 root root 1.4K 3月 11 14:59 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 3月 11 19:47 cptest
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1.8K 3月 11 15:35 ini.sh
-rw-------. 1 root root 107M 3月 11 20:20 nginx-20190311.tar
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 108M 3月 11 16:53 nginx.tar
root@bogon: ~ 20:20:17
$
13 images 列出本地镜像
选项说明：
-a：列出本地所有的镜像（含中间映像层，默认情况下，过滤掉中间映像层）;
--digests：显示镜像的摘要信息;
-f：显示满足条件的镜像;
--format：指定返回值的模板文件;
--no-trunc：显示完整的镜像信息;
-q：只显示镜像ID。
root@bogon: ~ 20:22:33 #列出镜像摘要信息DIGEST
$ docker images --digests
REPOSITORY TAG DIGEST IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
jdk 8 <none> fec5236a803b 42 minutes ago 643MB
nginx latest <none> 881bd08c0b08 6 days ago 109MB
centos 7 sha256:365fc7f33107869dfcf2b3ba220ce0aa42e16d3f8e8b3c21d72af1ee622f0cf0 1e1148e4cc2c 3 months ago 202MB
java 8 sha256:34959eed5df6bfe74a17fbf459ed29505d51a48d5cb4a39f215b613c65b8023b d23bdf5b1b1b 2 years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ 20:22:35
$
root@bogon: ~ 20:23:54 #只显示镜像ID
$ docker images -q
fec5236a803b
881bd08c0b08
1e1148e4cc2c
d23bdf5b1b1b
root@bogon: ~ 20:23:59
$
14: rmi 删除镜像
root@bogon: ~ 20:24:51
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
jdk 8 fec5236a803b 44 minutes ago 643MB
nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 6 days ago 109MB
centos 7 1e1148e4cc2c 3 months ago 202MB
java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 2 years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ 20:24:52
$ docker rmi -f jdk:8
Untagged: jdk:8
Deleted: sha256:fec5236a803b351e50de689fb30ad95b76149fdf7e19b885f503ed4c0e46bcbf
Deleted: sha256:2f4402558d7c5639be8e9a6b1ab96659801b23e96de81c251b744bcd1ceb770e
root@bogon: ~ 20:25:06
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 6 days ago 109MB
centos 7 1e1148e4cc2c 3 months ago 202MB
java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 2 years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ 20:25:09
$
15:tag 标记本地金香，将其归入仓库
$ docker tag nginx:latest hctest/nginx:latest
root@bogon: ~ 20:27:02
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hctest/nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 6 days ago 109MB
nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 6 days ago 109MB
centos 7 1e1148e4cc2c 3 months ago 202MB
java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 2 years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ 20:27:04
$
16:save && load 将镜像打包和重新导入
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hctest/nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 6 days ago 109MB
nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 6 days ago 109MB
centos 7 1e1148e4cc2c 3 months ago 202MB
java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 2 years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ 20:29:48
$ docker save nginx:latest >hc_nginx.tar
root@bogon: ~ 20:30:20
$ docker rmi -f nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx:latest
root@bogon: ~ 20:30:26
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hctest/nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 6 days ago 109MB
centos 7 1e1148e4cc2c 3 months ago 202MB
java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 2 years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ 20:30:29
$ docker load <hc_nginx.tar
Loaded image: nginx:latest
root@bogon: ~ 20:30:37
$ docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hctest/nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 6 days ago 109MB
nginx latest 881bd08c0b08 6 days ago 109MB
centos 7 1e1148e4cc2c 3 months ago 202MB
java 8 d23bdf5b1b1b 2 years ago 643MB
root@bogon: ~ 20:30:39
$
浙公网安备 33010602011771号