程序设计实验2

运行结果1

问题1:

不能运行，因为func函数未声明

问题2:

普通构造函数可以初始化，复制构造函数是对同类对象的引用，移动构造函数是对参数右值的引用，编译周期结束时，自动调用析构函数

问题3:

不能运行

实验任务2

//Complex.h
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
// 类Complex: 声明
class Complex {
public:
    Complex();
    Complex(double r);
    Complex(double r, double i);
    Complex(const Complex& c);
    double get_real()const;
    double get_imag()const;
    void add(const Complex& c);
    //~Complex();           // 析构函数
    //     void output(const Complex& c);
    void output()const;
    //void Complex add(const Complex& c);
    static const std::string doc;
    friend Complex add(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2);
    friend bool is_equal(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2);
    friend bool is_not_equal(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2);
    friend double abs(const Complex& c);
    //friend Complex output(const Complex& c);
    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Complex& c);

private:
    double real;
    double imag;

};

//Complex.cpp
#include "Complex.h"
// 普通函数实现
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;
// static成员数据类外初始化
const std::string Complex::doc = " a simplified complex class";


// 对象方法
Complex::Complex() :real(0), imag(0) {}
Complex::Complex(double r) :real(r), imag(0) {}
Complex::Complex(double r, double i) :real(r), imag(i) {}
Complex::Complex(const Complex& c) : real(c.real), imag(c.imag) {}


// 类方法
double Complex::get_real()const {
    return real;
}
double Complex::get_imag() const {
    return imag;
}
void Complex::add(const Complex& c) {
    real += c.real;
    imag += c.imag;
}//将复数加到自身
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Complex& c) {
    os << c.real << (c.imag >= 0 ? "+" : "") << c.imag << "i";
    return os;
}// 输出流重载
Complex add(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {
    return Complex(c1.real + c2.real, c1.imag + c2.imag);
}//加法友元
bool is_equal(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {
    if ((c1.real == c2.real) && (c1.imag == c2.imag))
        return true;
    return false;
}//判等友元
bool is_not_equal(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {
    return !is_equal(c1, c2);
}//判不等友元
double abs(const Complex& c) {
    return std::sqrt(c.real * c.real + c.imag * c.imag);
}//取模友元
void Complex::output() const {
    if (imag >= 0)
        std::cout << real << " + " << imag << "i" << std::endl;
    else
        std::cout << real << " - " << imag * (-1) << "i" << std::endl;
}//输出

//task2.cpp
#include "Complex.h"
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::boolalpha;

void test() {
    cout << "类成员测试: " << endl;
    cout << Complex::doc << endl;

    cout << endl;

    cout << "Complex对象测试: " << endl;
    Complex c1;
    Complex c2(3, -4);
    const Complex c3(3.5);
    Complex c4(c3);

    cout << "c1 = "; c1.output(); cout << endl;
    cout << "c2 = "; c2.output(); cout << endl;
    cout << "c3 = "; c3.output(); cout << endl;
    cout << "c4 = "; c4.output(); cout << endl;
    cout << "c4.real = " << c4.get_real() << ", c4.imag = " << c4.get_imag() << endl;

    cout << endl;

    cout << "复数运算测试: " << endl;
    cout << "abs(c2) = " << abs(c2) << endl;
    c1.add(c2);
    cout << "c1 += c2, c1 = "; c1.output(); cout << endl;
    cout << boolalpha;
    cout << "c1 == c2 : " << is_equal(c1, c2) << endl;
    cout << "c1 != c3 : " << is_not_equal(c1, c3) << endl;
    c4 = add(c2, c3);
    cout << "c4 = c2 + c3, c4 = "; c4.output(); cout << endl;

}

int main() {
    test();

}

运行结果2

实验任务3

提供Complex<返回值类型> Complex+名称+real/imag直接返回虚部实部的值，虚数运算c1+c2,判等直接比较

在虚数计算和判等时直接用+-代替而不是另外编写函数

实验任务4

#pragma once
#include<string>

class Fraction{
public:
        static const std::string doc;
        Fraction(int up = 0, int down = 1);
        Fraction(const Fraction& f);
        int get_up()const;
        int get_down()const;
        int gcd(int m,int n)const;
        Fraction negative()const;
        friend Fraction add(const Fraction& f1, const Fraction& f2);
        friend Fraction sub(const Fraction& f1,const Fraction& f2);
        friend Fraction mul(const Fraction& f1,const Fraction& f2);
        friend Fraction div(const Fraction& f1, const Fraction& f2);
        friend void output(const Fraction& f);
　　　　　void simplify();
private:
    int up, down;
    int m, n;
};

#include "Fraction.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include <numeric>

using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;

const std::string Fraction::doc = "Fraction类 v 0.01版.\n目前仅支持分数对象的构造、输出、加/减/乘/除运算.";


Fraction::Fraction(int u, int d) : up(u), down(d) {
    simplify();
}

Fraction::Fraction(const Fraction& f) :up(f.up), down(f.down) {}

int gcd(int a, int b) {
    while (b != 0) {
        int temp = b;
        b = a % b;
        a = temp;
    }
    return abs(a); // 返回绝对值
}

void Fraction::simplify() {
    if (down < 0) { // 保证分母为正
        up = -up;
        down = -down;
    }
    int divisor = gcd(abs(up), abs(down));
    up /= divisor;
    down /= divisor;
}


int Fraction::get_up()const {
    return up;
}
int Fraction::get_down()const {
    return down;
}
Fraction Fraction::negative()const {
    return Fraction(-up, down);
}

//友元
void output(const Fraction& f)
{
    if (f.get_up() == 0 && f.get_down() == 0)
        printf("分母不能为0\n");
    else if (f.get_up() == 0 && f.get_down() != 0)
        std::cout << "0" << std::endl;
    else
        std::cout << f.get_up() << "/" << f.get_down() << std::endl;
}
Fraction add(const Fraction& f1, const  Fraction& f2)
{
    return Fraction(f1.get_up() * f2.get_down() + f2.get_up() * f1.get_down(), f1.get_down() * f2.get_down());
}
Fraction sub(const Fraction& f1, const  Fraction& f2)
{
    return Fraction(f1.get_up() * f2.get_down() - f2.get_up() * f1.get_down(), f1.get_down() * f2.get_down());
}
Fraction mul(const Fraction& f1, const  Fraction& f2)
{
    return Fraction(f1.get_up() * f2.get_up(), f1.get_down() * f2.get_down());
}
Fraction div(const Fraction& f1, const  Fraction& f2) {
    if (f2.get_up() == 0) {
        //throw std::invalid_argument("除数不能为零");
        printf("分母不能为0\n");
        Fraction f(0, 0);
        return f;
    }
    return Fraction(f1.get_up() * f2.get_down(), f1.get_down() * f2.get_up());
}

#include "Fraction.h"
#include <iostream>

using std::cout;

using std::endl;

void test1() {
    cout << "Fraction类测试: " << endl;
    cout << Fraction::doc << endl << endl;
    Fraction f1(5);
    Fraction f2(3, -4), f3(-18, 12);
    Fraction f4(f3);
    cout << "f1 = "; output(f1); cout << endl;
    cout << "f2 = "; output(f2); cout << endl;
    cout << "f3 = "; output(f3); cout << endl;
    cout << "f4 = "; output(f4); cout << endl;
    Fraction f5(f4.negative());
    cout << "f5 = "; output(f5); cout << endl;
    cout << "f5.get_up() = " << f5.get_up() << ", f5.get_down() = " <<

        f5.get_down() << endl;
    cout << "f1 + f2 = "; output(add(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
    cout << "f1 - f2 = "; output(sub(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
    cout << "f1 * f2 = "; output(mul(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
    cout << "f1 / f2 = "; output(div(f1, f2)); cout << endl;
    cout << "f4 + f5 = "; output(add(f4, f5)); cout << endl;
}

void test2() {
    Fraction f6(42, 55), f7(0, 3);
    cout << "f6 = "; output(f6); cout << endl;
    cout << "f7 = "; output(f7); cout << endl;
    cout << "f6 / f7 = "; output(div(f6, f7)); cout << endl;
}
int main() {
    cout << "测试1: Fraction类基础功能测试\n";
    test1();
    cout << "\n测试2: 分母为0测试: \n";
    test2();
}

运行结果4

实验任务5

#pragma once
class SavingsAccount {
private:
    int id;
    double balance;
    double rate;
    int lastDate;
    double accumulation;
    static double total;
    void record(int date, double amount);
    double accumulate(int date)const {
        return accumulation + balance * (date - lastDate);
    }
public:
    SavingsAccount(int date, int id, double rate);
    int getId()const { return id; }
    double getBalance()const { return balance;}
    double getRate()const { return rate;}
    static double getTotal() { return total; }
    void deposit(int date, double amount);
    void withdraw(int date, double amount);
    void settle(int date);
    void show()const;
};

#include"account.h"
#include<cmath>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

double SavingsAccount::total = 0;
SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(int date, int id, double rate) :
    id(id), balance(0), rate(rate), lastDate(date), accumulation(0) {
    cout << date << "\t#" << id << "is created" << endl;
}
void SavingsAccount::record(int date, double amount) {
    accumulation = accumulate(date);
    lastDate = date;
    amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
    balance += amount;
    total += amount;
    cout << date << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << endl;
}
void SavingsAccount::deposit(int date, double amount) {
    record(date, amount);
}
void SavingsAccount::withdraw(int date, double amount) {
    if (amount > getBalance())
        cout << "Error:not enough money" << endl;
    else
        record(date, -amount);
}
void SavingsAccount::settle(int date) {
    double interest = accumulate(date) * rate / 365;
    if (interest != 0)
        record(date, interest);
    accumulation = 0;
}
void SavingsAccount::show()const {
    cout << "#" << id << "\tBalance:" << balance;
}

#include"account.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    SavingsAccount sa0(1, 21325302, 0.015);
    SavingsAccount sa1(1, 58320212, 0.015);
    sa0.deposit(5, 5000);
    sa1.deposit(25, 10000);
    sa0.deposit(45, 5500);
    sa1.withdraw(60,4000);
    sa0.settle(90);
    sa1.settle(90);
    sa0.show(); cout << endl;
    sa1.show(); cout << endl;
    cout << "Total:" << SavingsAccount::getTotal() << endl;
    return 0;
}

运行结果5