Android的JSON数据解析
一、 使用原生方式解析
准备工作：准备一个布局文件，用来显示元数据与转换之后的数据
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_String2JOSNObject"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="使用原生方式：String2JOSNObject " />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_String2JOSNArray"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="使用原生方式：String2JOSNArray " />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_String2Bean_Gson"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="使用Gson方式：String2Bean " />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_String2List_Gson"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="使用Gson方式：String2List " />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_String2Arrays_Gson"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="使用Gson方式：String2Arrays " />
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="元数据"
android:textColor="@android:color/holo_red_light"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_metadata"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="转换后的数据"
android:textColor="@android:color/holo_red_light"
android:textSize="20sp" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_data"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="20sp" />
</LinearLayout>
1. 使用原生方式---将String转换为JOSNObject
1.1 准备元数据
//使用原生方式： JSONObject2String
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
try {
jsonObject.put("name","小米");
jsonObject.put("age",1);
JSONObject familyJOSN = new JSONObject();
familyJOSN.put("father","米爸");
familyJOSN.put("mother","米妈");
jsonObject.put("family",familyJOSN);
JSONArray hobbyArray = new JSONArray();
hobbyArray.put("篮球");
hobbyArray.put("看书");
jsonObject.put("hobby",hobbyArray);
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
metaDataStr = jsonObject.toString();
tv_metadata.setText(jsonObject.toString());
1.2 开始转换数据
//使用原生方式：String2JOSNObject
findViewById(R.id.btn_String2JOSNObject).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
try {
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(metaDataStr);
Log.e(JOSNActivity.class.getName(),jsonObject.toString());
String name = jsonObject.getString("name");
String age = jsonObject.getString("age");
JSONObject familyJOSN = new JSONObject(String.valueOf(jsonObject.getJSONObject("family")));
String father = familyJOSN.getString("father");
String mother = familyJOSN.getString("mother");
JSONArray hobbyArray = new JSONArray(jsonObject.getJSONArray("hobby").toString());
String hobby = "";
for(int i = 0; i < hobbyArray.length(); i ++){
if(i != hobbyArray.length() -1){
hobby = hobby + (String) hobbyArray.get(i)+"、";
}else {
hobby = hobby + (String) hobbyArray.get(i);
}
}
String resultStr = "姓名:"+name+",年龄："+age+",家庭成员："+father+"、"+mother+",爱好："+hobby;
tv_data.setText(resultStr);
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
2. 使用原生方式：将String转换为JOSNArray
2.1 准备元数据
// JSONArray2String
JSONArray array = new JSONArray();
for(int i = 0; i < 2; i ++){
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
try {
jsonObject.put("name","小米"+i);
jsonObject.put("age",22+i);
array.put(jsonObject);
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
metaDataStr = array.toString();
tv_metadata.setText(metaDataStr);
2.2 开始转换数据
//使用原生方式：String2JOSNArray
findViewById(R.id.btn_String2JOSNArray).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
try {
String resultStr = "";
JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(metaDataStr);
for(int i = 0; i < jsonArray.length(); i ++){
JSONObject jsonObject = (JSONObject) jsonArray.get(i);
resultStr = resultStr + "第" + i + "组姓名："+ jsonObject.getString("name") +
",年龄:"+ jsonObject.getString("age")+"\n";
}
tv_data.setText(resultStr);
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
二、 使用GSON解析JSON数据
1. 使用Gson方式：将String转换为Bean
1.1 准备Bean类
static class Bean{
public Bean(String name,int age,List<String> hobby){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.hobby = hobby;
Family family = new Family();
family.setFather(name+"爸");
family.setMother(name+"妈");
this.family = family;
}
/**
* name : 小米
* family : {"mother":"米妈","father":"米爸"}
* age : 1
* hobby : ["篮球","看书"]
*/
private String name;
private Family family;
private int age;
private List<String> hobby;
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void setFamily(Family family) {
this.family = family;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public void setHobby(List<String> hobby) {
this.hobby = hobby;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public Family getFamily() {
return family;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public List<String> getHobby() {
return hobby;
}
public static class Family {
/**
* mother : 米妈
* father : 米爸
*/
private String mother;
private String father;
public void setMother(String mother) {
this.mother = mother;
}
public void setFather(String father) {
this.father = father;
}
public String getMother() {
return mother;
}
public String getFather() {
return father;
}
}
}
1.2 准备元数据
//使用Gson方式：Bean2String
Gson gson = new Gson();
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add("篮球");
list.add("看书");
Bean bean = new Bean("小米",23,list);
metaDataStr = gson.toJson(bean).toString();
tv_metadata.setText(metaDataStr);
1.3 开始转换数据
//使用Gson方式：String2Bean
findViewById(R.id.btn_String2Bean_Gson).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Gson gson = new Gson();
Bean resultBean = gson.fromJson(metaDataStr,Bean.class);
String name = resultBean.getName();
int age = resultBean.getAge();
String father = resultBean.getFamily().getFather();
String mother = resultBean.getFamily().getMother();
List<String> list = resultBean.getHobby();
String hobby = "";
for(int i = 0; i < list.size(); i ++){
if(i != list.size() -1){
hobby = hobby + (String) list.get(i)+"、";
}else {
hobby = hobby + (String) list.get(i);
}
}
String resultStr = "姓名:"+name+",年龄："+age+",家庭成员："+father+"、"+mother+",爱好："+hobby;
tv_data.setText(resultStr);
}
});
2. 使用Gson方式：将String转换为List
2.1 准备元数据
//使用Gson方式：List2String
Gson gson = new Gson();
List<Bean> beans = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add("篮球");
list.add("看书");
Bean bean1 = new Bean("小米",23,list);
Bean bean2 = new Bean("菲菲",24,list);
beans.add(bean1);
beans.add(bean2);
metaDataStr = gson.toJson(beans);
tv_metadata.setText(metaDataStr);
2.2 开始转换数据
//使用Gson方式：String2List
findViewById(R.id.btn_String2List_Gson).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Gson gson = new Gson();
// Gson为我们提供了TypeToken来实现对泛型的支持，
List<Bean> beans = gson.fromJson(metaDataStr,new TypeToken<List<Bean>>(){}.getType());
String resultStr ="";
for(int i = 0; i < beans.size() ; i++){
String name = beans.get(i).getName();
int age = beans.get(i).getAge();
String father = beans.get(i).getFamily().getFather();
String mother = beans.get(i).getFamily().getMother();
resultStr = resultStr + "姓名:"+name+",年龄："+age+",家庭成员："+father+"、"+mother+"\n";
}
tv_data.setText(resultStr);
}
});
3. 使用Gson方式：将String转换为Arrays
3.1 准备元数据
//使用Gson方式：Arrays2String
String[] arrays = {"张三","李四","王五","赵六"};
Gson gson = new Gson();
metaDataStr = gson.toJson(arrays);
tv_metadata.setText(metaDataStr);
3.2 开始转换数据
//使用Gson方式：String2Arrays
findViewById(R.id.btn_String2Arrays_Gson).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Gson gson = new Gson();
//此时String[]当成一个实体类
String[] arrays = gson.fromJson(metaDataStr,String[].class);
String resultStr = "";
for(int i = 0; i < arrays.length;i ++){
resultStr = resultStr + arrays[i] +";";
}
tv_data.setText(resultStr);
}
});
