excel导入/出（反射）

1.EXCEL注解

package com.common.util.annotation;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

/**
 * Excel注解定义
 * @author szf
 * @version 
 */
@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface ExcelField {

    /**
     * 导出字段名（默认调用当前字段的“get”方法，如指定导出字段为对象，请填写“对象名.对象属性”，例：“area.name”、“office.name”）
     */
    String value() default "";
    
    /**
     * 导出字段标题（需要添加批注请用“**”分隔，标题**批注，仅对导出模板有效）
     */
    String title();
    
    /**
     * 字段类型（0：导出导入；1：仅导出；2：仅导入）
     */
    int type() default 0;

    /**
     * 导出字段对齐方式（0：自动；1：靠左；2：居中；3：靠右）
     */
    int align() default 0;
    
    /**
     * 导出字段字段排序（升序）
     */
    int sort() default 0;

    /**
     * 如果是字典类型，请设置字典的type值
     */
    String dictType() default "";
    
    /**
     * 反射类型
     */
    Class<?> fieldType() default Class.class;
    
    /**
     * 字段归属组（根据分组导出导入）
     */
    int[] groups() default {};
}

2.导出对象实体

package com.model;

import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;

import com.common.util.annotation.ExcelField;

/**
 *  @Author SZF
 *
 * @Date 2018-10-09
 *
 */
public class ExcelModelTest {
    
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private String firstField;
    private String secondField;
    private String thirdField;
    
    @ExcelField(title="第一列", align=2, sort=1)
    public String getFirstField() {
        return firstField;
    }
    public void setFirstField(String firstField) {
        this.firstField = firstField;
    }
    @ExcelField(title="第二列", align=2, sort=2)
    public String getSecondField() {
        return secondField;
    }
    public void setSecondField(String secondField) {
        this.secondField = secondField;
    }
    @ExcelField(title="第三列", align=2, sort=3)
    public String getThirdField() {
        return thirdField;
    }
    public void setThirdField(String thirdField) {
        this.thirdField = thirdField;
    }
    
}

 

3.反射工具类

package com.common.util;


import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
import java.lang.reflect.Type;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.Validate;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;

/**
 * 反射工具类.
 * 提供调用getter/setter方法, 访问私有变量, 调用私有方法, 获取泛型类型Class, 被AOP过的真实类等工具函数.
 * @author 
 * @version 
 */
@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public class Reflections {
    
    private static final String SETTER_PREFIX = "set";

    private static final String GETTER_PREFIX = "get";

    private static final String CGLIB_CLASS_SEPARATOR = "$$";
    
    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Reflections.class);

    /**
     * 调用Getter方法.
     * 支持多级，如：对象名.对象名.方法
     */
    public static Object invokeGetter(Object obj, String propertyName) {
        Object object = obj;
        for (String name : StringUtils.split(propertyName, ".")){
            String getterMethodName = GETTER_PREFIX + StringUtils.capitalize(name);
            object = invokeMethod(object, getterMethodName, new Class[] {}, new Object[] {});
        }
        return object;
    }

    /**
     * 调用Setter方法, 仅匹配方法名。
     * 支持多级，如：对象名.对象名.方法
     */
    public static void invokeSetter(Object obj, String propertyName, Object value) {
        Object object = obj;
        String[] names = StringUtils.split(propertyName, ".");
        for (int i=0; i<names.length; i++){
            if(i<names.length-1){
                String getterMethodName = GETTER_PREFIX + StringUtils.capitalize(names[i]);
                object = invokeMethod(object, getterMethodName, new Class[] {}, new Object[] {});
            }else{
                String setterMethodName = SETTER_PREFIX + StringUtils.capitalize(names[i]);
                invokeMethodByName(object, setterMethodName, new Object[] { value });
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 直接读取对象属性值, 无视private/protected修饰符, 不经过getter函数.
     */
    public static Object getFieldValue(final Object obj, final String fieldName) {
        Field field = getAccessibleField(obj, fieldName);

        if (field == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Could not find field [" + fieldName + "] on target [" + obj + "]");
        }

        Object result = null;
        try {
            result = field.get(obj);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            logger.error("不可能抛出的异常{}", e.getMessage());
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 直接设置对象属性值, 无视private/protected修饰符, 不经过setter函数.
     */
    public static void setFieldValue(final Object obj, final String fieldName, final Object value) {
        Field field = getAccessibleField(obj, fieldName);

        if (field == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Could not find field [" + fieldName + "] on target [" + obj + "]");
        }

        try {
            field.set(obj, value);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            logger.error("不可能抛出的异常:{}", e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 直接调用对象方法, 无视private/protected修饰符.
     * 用于一次性调用的情况，否则应使用getAccessibleMethod()函数获得Method后反复调用.
     * 同时匹配方法名+参数类型，
     */
    public static Object invokeMethod(final Object obj, final String methodName, final Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
            final Object[] args) {
        Method method = getAccessibleMethod(obj, methodName, parameterTypes);
        if (method == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Could not find method [" + methodName + "] on target [" + obj + "]");
        }

        try {
            return method.invoke(obj, args);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw convertReflectionExceptionToUnchecked(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 直接调用对象方法, 无视private/protected修饰符，
     * 用于一次性调用的情况，否则应使用getAccessibleMethodByName()函数获得Method后反复调用.
     * 只匹配函数名，如果有多个同名函数调用第一个。
     */
    public static Object invokeMethodByName(final Object obj, final String methodName, final Object[] args) {
        Method method = getAccessibleMethodByName(obj, methodName);
        if (method == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Could not find method [" + methodName + "] on target [" + obj + "]");
        }

        try {
            return method.invoke(obj, args);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw convertReflectionExceptionToUnchecked(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 循环向上转型, 获取对象的DeclaredField, 并强制设置为可访问.
     * 
     * 如向上转型到Object仍无法找到, 返回null.
     */
    public static Field getAccessibleField(final Object obj, final String fieldName) {
        Validate.notNull(obj, "object can't be null");
        Validate.notBlank(fieldName, "fieldName can't be blank");
        for (Class<?> superClass = obj.getClass(); superClass != Object.class; superClass = superClass.getSuperclass()) {
            try {
                Field field = superClass.getDeclaredField(fieldName);
                makeAccessible(field);
                return field;
            } catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {//NOSONAR
                // Field不在当前类定义,继续向上转型
                continue;// new add
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 循环向上转型, 获取对象的DeclaredMethod,并强制设置为可访问.
     * 如向上转型到Object仍无法找到, 返回null.
     * 匹配函数名+参数类型。
     * 
     * 用于方法需要被多次调用的情况. 先使用本函数先取得Method,然后调用Method.invoke(Object obj, Object... args)
     */
    public static Method getAccessibleMethod(final Object obj, final String methodName,
            final Class<?>... parameterTypes) {
        Validate.notNull(obj, "object can't be null");
        Validate.notBlank(methodName, "methodName can't be blank");

        for (Class<?> searchType = obj.getClass(); searchType != Object.class; searchType = searchType.getSuperclass()) {
            try {
                Method method = searchType.getDeclaredMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
                makeAccessible(method);
                return method;
            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                // Method不在当前类定义,继续向上转型
                continue;// new add
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 循环向上转型, 获取对象的DeclaredMethod,并强制设置为可访问.
     * 如向上转型到Object仍无法找到, 返回null.
     * 只匹配函数名。
     * 
     * 用于方法需要被多次调用的情况. 先使用本函数先取得Method,然后调用Method.invoke(Object obj, Object... args)
     */
    public static Method getAccessibleMethodByName(final Object obj, final String methodName) {
        Validate.notNull(obj, "object can't be null");
        Validate.notBlank(methodName, "methodName can't be blank");

        for (Class<?> searchType = obj.getClass(); searchType != Object.class; searchType = searchType.getSuperclass()) {
            Method[] methods = searchType.getDeclaredMethods();
            for (Method method : methods) {
                if (method.getName().equals(methodName)) {
                    makeAccessible(method);
                    return method;
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 改变private/protected的方法为public，尽量不调用实际改动的语句，避免JDK的SecurityManager抱怨。
     */
    public static void makeAccessible(Method method) {
        if ((!Modifier.isPublic(method.getModifiers()) || !Modifier.isPublic(method.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers()))
                && !method.isAccessible()) {
            method.setAccessible(true);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 改变private/protected的成员变量为public，尽量不调用实际改动的语句，避免JDK的SecurityManager抱怨。
     */
    public static void makeAccessible(Field field) {
        if ((!Modifier.isPublic(field.getModifiers()) || !Modifier.isPublic(field.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers()) || Modifier
                .isFinal(field.getModifiers())) && !field.isAccessible()) {
            field.setAccessible(true);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 通过反射, 获得Class定义中声明的泛型参数的类型, 注意泛型必须定义在父类处
     * 如无法找到, 返回Object.class.
     * eg.
     * public UserDao extends HibernateDao<User>
     *
     * @param clazz The class to introspect
     * @return the first generic declaration, or Object.class if cannot be determined
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static <T> Class<T> getClassGenricType(final Class clazz) {
        return getClassGenricType(clazz, 0);
    }

    /**
     * 通过反射, 获得Class定义中声明的父类的泛型参数的类型.
     * 如无法找到, 返回Object.class.
     * 
     * 如public UserDao extends HibernateDao<User,Long>
     *
     * @param clazz clazz The class to introspect
     * @param index the Index of the generic ddeclaration,start from 0.
     * @return the index generic declaration, or Object.class if cannot be determined
     */
    public static Class getClassGenricType(final Class clazz, final int index) {

        Type genType = clazz.getGenericSuperclass();

        if (!(genType instanceof ParameterizedType)) {
            logger.warn(clazz.getSimpleName() + "'s superclass not ParameterizedType");
            return Object.class;
        }

        Type[] params = ((ParameterizedType) genType).getActualTypeArguments();

        if (index >= params.length || index < 0) {
            logger.warn("Index: " + index + ", Size of " + clazz.getSimpleName() + "'s Parameterized Type: "
                    + params.length);
            return Object.class;
        }
        if (!(params[index] instanceof Class)) {
            logger.warn(clazz.getSimpleName() + " not set the actual class on superclass generic parameter");
            return Object.class;
        }

        return (Class) params[index];
    }
    
    public static Class<?> getUserClass(Object instance) {
        Assert.notNull(instance, "Instance must not be null");
        Class clazz = instance.getClass();
        if (clazz != null && clazz.getName().contains(CGLIB_CLASS_SEPARATOR)) {
            Class<?> superClass = clazz.getSuperclass();
            if (superClass != null && !Object.class.equals(superClass)) {
                return superClass;
            }
        }
        return clazz;

    }
    
    /**
     * 将反射时的checked exception转换为unchecked exception.
     */
    public static RuntimeException convertReflectionExceptionToUnchecked(Exception e) {
        if (e instanceof IllegalAccessException || e instanceof IllegalArgumentException
                || e instanceof NoSuchMethodException) {
            return new IllegalArgumentException(e);
        } else if (e instanceof InvocationTargetException) {
            return new RuntimeException(((InvocationTargetException) e).getTargetException());
        } else if (e instanceof RuntimeException) {
            return (RuntimeException) e;
        }
        return new RuntimeException("Unexpected Checked Exception.", e);
    }
}

4.导出类

package com.util;


import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Comment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormat;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRichTextString;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import com.common.util.Reflections;
import com.common.util.annotation.ExcelField;
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import com.model.ExcelModelTest;


/**
 * 导出Excel文件（导出“XLSX”格式，支持大数据量导出   @see org.apache.poi.ss.SpreadsheetVersion）
 * @author 
 * @version*/
public class ExportExcel {
    
    private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExportExcel.class);
            
    /**
     * 工作薄对象
     */
    private SXSSFWorkbook wb;
    
    /**
     * 工作表对象
     */
    private Sheet sheet;
    
    /**
     * 样式列表
     */
    private Map<String, CellStyle> styles;
    
    /**
     * 当前行号
     */
    private int rownum;
    
    /**
     * 注解列表（Object[]{ ExcelField, Field/Method }）
     */
    List<Object[]> annotationList = Lists.newArrayList();
    
    /**
     * 构造函数
     * @param title 表格标题，传“空值”，表示无标题
     * @param cls 实体对象，通过annotation.ExportField获取标题
     */
    public ExportExcel(String title, Class<?> cls){
        this(title, cls, 1);
    }
    
    /**
     * 构造函数
     * @param title 表格标题，传“空值”，表示无标题
     * @param cls 实体对象，通过annotation.ExportField获取标题
     * @param type 导出类型（1:导出数据；2：导出模板）
     * @param groups 导入分组
     */
    public ExportExcel(String title, Class<?> cls, int type, int... groups){
        // Get annotation field 
        Field[] fs = cls.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field f : fs){
            ExcelField ef = f.getAnnotation(ExcelField.class);
            if (ef != null && (ef.type()==0 || ef.type()==type)){
                if (groups!=null && groups.length>0){
                    boolean inGroup = false;
                    for (int g : groups){
                        if (inGroup){
                            break;
                        }
                        for (int efg : ef.groups()){
                            if (g == efg){
                                inGroup = true;
                                annotationList.add(new Object[]{ef, f});
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }else{
                    annotationList.add(new Object[]{ef, f});
                }
            }
        }
        // Get annotation method
        Method[] ms = cls.getDeclaredMethods();
        for (Method m : ms){
            ExcelField ef = m.getAnnotation(ExcelField.class);
            if (ef != null && (ef.type()==0 || ef.type()==type)){
                if (groups!=null && groups.length>0){
                    boolean inGroup = false;
                    for (int g : groups){
                        if (inGroup){
                            break;
                        }
                        for (int efg : ef.groups()){
                            if (g == efg){
                                inGroup = true;
                                annotationList.add(new Object[]{ef, m});
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }else{
                    annotationList.add(new Object[]{ef, m});
                }
            }
        }
        // Field sorting
        Collections.sort(annotationList, new Comparator<Object[]>() {
            public int compare(Object[] o1, Object[] o2) {
                return new Integer(((ExcelField)o1[0]).sort()).compareTo(
                        new Integer(((ExcelField)o2[0]).sort()));
            };
        });
        // Initialize
        List<String> headerList = Lists.newArrayList();
        for (Object[] os : annotationList){
            String t = ((ExcelField)os[0]).title();
            // 如果是导出，则去掉注释
            if (type==1){
                String[] ss = StringUtils.split(t, "**", 2);
                if (ss.length==2){
                    t = ss[0];
                }
            }
            headerList.add(t);
        }
        initialize(title, headerList);
    }
    
    /**
     * 构造函数
     * @param title 表格标题，传“空值”，表示无标题
     * @param headers 表头数组
     */
    public ExportExcel(String title, String[] headers) {
        initialize(title, Lists.newArrayList(headers));
    }
    
    /**
     * 构造函数
     * @param title 表格标题，传“空值”，表示无标题
     * @param headerList 表头列表
     */
    public ExportExcel(String title, List<String> headerList) {
        initialize(title, headerList);
    }
    
    /**
     * 初始化函数
     * @param title 表格标题，传“空值”，表示无标题
     * @param headerList 表头列表
     */
    private void initialize(String title, List<String> headerList) {
        this.wb = new SXSSFWorkbook(500);
        this.sheet = wb.createSheet("Export");
        this.styles = createStyles(wb);
        // Create title
        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(title)){
            Row titleRow = sheet.createRow(rownum++);
            titleRow.setHeightInPoints(30);
            Cell titleCell = titleRow.createCell(0);
            titleCell.setCellStyle(styles.get("title"));
            titleCell.setCellValue(title);
            sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(titleRow.getRowNum(),
                    titleRow.getRowNum(), titleRow.getRowNum(), headerList.size()-1));
        }
        // Create header
        if (headerList == null){
            throw new RuntimeException("headerList not null!");
        }
        Row headerRow = sheet.createRow(rownum++);
        headerRow.setHeightInPoints(16);
        for (int i = 0; i < headerList.size(); i++) {
            Cell cell = headerRow.createCell(i);
            cell.setCellStyle(styles.get("header"));
            String[] ss = StringUtils.split(headerList.get(i), "**", 2);
            if (ss.length==2){
                cell.setCellValue(ss[0]);
                Comment comment = this.sheet.createDrawingPatriarch().createCellComment(
                        new XSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, (short) 3, 3, (short) 5, 6));
                comment.setString(new XSSFRichTextString(ss[1]));
                cell.setCellComment(comment);
            }else{
                cell.setCellValue(headerList.get(i));
            }
            sheet.autoSizeColumn(i);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < headerList.size(); i++) {  
            int colWidth = sheet.getColumnWidth(i)*2;
            sheet.setColumnWidth(i, colWidth < 3000 ? 3000 : colWidth);  
        }
        log.debug("Initialize success.");
    }
    
    /**
     * 创建表格样式
     * @param wb 工作薄对象
     * @return 样式列表
     */
    private Map<String, CellStyle> createStyles(Workbook wb) {
        Map<String, CellStyle> styles = new HashMap<String, CellStyle>();
        
        CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
        style.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
        style.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
        Font titleFont = wb.createFont();
        titleFont.setFontName("Arial");
        titleFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 16);
        titleFont.setBoldweight(Font.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
        style.setFont(titleFont);
        styles.put("title", style);

        style = wb.createCellStyle();
        style.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
        style.setBorderRight(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        style.setRightBorderColor(IndexedColors.GREY_50_PERCENT.getIndex());
        style.setBorderLeft(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        style.setLeftBorderColor(IndexedColors.GREY_50_PERCENT.getIndex());
        style.setBorderTop(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        style.setTopBorderColor(IndexedColors.GREY_50_PERCENT.getIndex());
        style.setBorderBottom(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        style.setBottomBorderColor(IndexedColors.GREY_50_PERCENT.getIndex());
        Font dataFont = wb.createFont();
        dataFont.setFontName("Arial");
        dataFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 10);
        style.setFont(dataFont);
        styles.put("data", style);
        
        style = wb.createCellStyle();
        style.cloneStyleFrom(styles.get("data"));
        style.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
        styles.put("data1", style);

        style = wb.createCellStyle();
        style.cloneStyleFrom(styles.get("data"));
        style.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
        styles.put("data2", style);

        style = wb.createCellStyle();
        style.cloneStyleFrom(styles.get("data"));
        style.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_RIGHT);
        styles.put("data3", style);
        
        style = wb.createCellStyle();
        style.cloneStyleFrom(styles.get("data"));
//        style.setWrapText(true);
        style.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
        style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREY_50_PERCENT.getIndex());
        style.setFillPattern(CellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        Font headerFont = wb.createFont();
        headerFont.setFontName("Arial");
        headerFont.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 10);
        headerFont.setBoldweight(Font.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
        headerFont.setColor(IndexedColors.WHITE.getIndex());
        style.setFont(headerFont);
        styles.put("header", style);
        
        return styles;
    }

    /**
     * 添加一行
     * @return 行对象
     */
    public Row addRow(){
        return sheet.createRow(rownum++);
    }
    

    /**
     * 添加一个单元格
     * @param row 添加的行
     * @param column 添加列号
     * @param val 添加值
     * @return 单元格对象
     */
    public Cell addCell(Row row, int column, Object val){
        return this.addCell(row, column, val, 0, Class.class);
    }
    
    /**
     * 添加一个单元格
     * @param row 添加的行
     * @param column 添加列号
     * @param val 添加值
     * @param align 对齐方式（1：靠左；2：居中；3：靠右）
     * @return 单元格对象
     */
    public Cell addCell(Row row, int column, Object val, int align, Class<?> fieldType){
        Cell cell = row.createCell(column);
        CellStyle style = styles.get("data"+(align>=1&&align<=3?align:""));
        try {
            if (val == null){
                cell.setCellValue("");
            } else if (val instanceof String) {
                cell.setCellValue((String) val);
            } else if (val instanceof Integer) {
                cell.setCellValue((Integer) val);
            } else if (val instanceof Long) {
                cell.setCellValue((Long) val);
            } else if (val instanceof Double) {
                cell.setCellValue((Double) val);
            } else if (val instanceof Float) {
                cell.setCellValue((Float) val);
            } else if (val instanceof Date) {
                DataFormat format = wb.createDataFormat();
                style.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"));
                cell.setCellValue((Date) val);
            } else {
                if (fieldType != Class.class){
                    cell.setCellValue((String)fieldType.getMethod("setValue", Object.class).invoke(null, val));
                }else{
                    cell.setCellValue((String)Class.forName(this.getClass().getName().replaceAll(this.getClass().getSimpleName(), 
                        "fieldtype."+val.getClass().getSimpleName()+"Type")).getMethod("setValue", Object.class).invoke(null, val));
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            log.info("Set cell value ["+row.getRowNum()+","+column+"] error: " + ex.toString());
            cell.setCellValue(val.toString());
        }
        cell.setCellStyle(style);
        return cell;
    }

    /**
     * 添加数据（通过annotation.ExportField添加数据）
     * @return list 数据列表
     */
    public <E> ExportExcel setDataList(List<E> list){
        for (E e : list){
            int colunm = 0;
            Row row = this.addRow();
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (Object[] os : annotationList){
                ExcelField ef = (ExcelField)os[0];
                Object val = null;
                // Get entity value
                try{
                    if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(ef.value())){
                        val = Reflections.invokeGetter(e, ef.value());
                    }else{
                        if (os[1] instanceof Field){
                            val = Reflections.invokeGetter(e, ((Field)os[1]).getName());
                        }else if (os[1] instanceof Method){
                            val = Reflections.invokeMethod(e, ((Method)os[1]).getName(), new Class[] {}, new Object[] {});
                        }
                    }
                    /*// If is dict, get dict label
                    if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(ef.dictType())){
                        val = DictUtils.getDictLabel(val==null?"":val.toString(), ef.dictType(), "");
                    }*/
                }catch(Exception ex) {
                    // Failure to ignore
                    log.info(ex.toString());
                    val = "";
                }
                this.addCell(row, colunm++, val, ef.align(), ef.fieldType());
                sb.append(val + ", ");
            }
            log.debug("Write success: ["+row.getRowNum()+"] "+sb.toString());
        }
        return this;
    }
    
    /**
     * 输出数据流
     * @param os 输出数据流
     */
    public ExportExcel write(OutputStream os) throws IOException{
        wb.write(os);
        return this;
    }
    
    /**
     * 输出到客户端
     * @param fileName 输出文件名
     */
    public ExportExcel write(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName) throws IOException{
        response.reset();
        response.setContentType("application/octet-stream; charset=utf-8");
        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename="+URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
        write(response.getOutputStream());
        return this;
    }
    
    /**
     * 输出到文件
     * @param fileName 输出文件名
     */
    public ExportExcel writeFile(String name) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException{
        FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(name);
        this.write(os);
        return this;
    }
    
    /**
     * 清理临时文件
     */
    public ExportExcel dispose(){
        wb.dispose();
        return this;
    }
    
    /**
     * 导出测试
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
        /*
        List<String> headerList = Lists.newArrayList();
        for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
            headerList.add("表头"+i);
        }
        
        List<String> dataRowList = Lists.newArrayList();
        for (int i = 1; i <= headerList.size(); i++) {
            dataRowList.add("数据"+i);
        }
        
        List<List<String>> dataList = Lists.newArrayList();
        for (int i = 1; i <=10; i++) {
            dataList.add(dataRowList);
        }

        ExportExcel ee = new ExportExcel("表格标题", headerList);
        
        for (int i = 0; i < dataList.size(); i++) {
            Row row = ee.addRow();
            for (int j = 0; j < dataList.get(i).size(); j++) {
                ee.addCell(row, j, dataList.get(i).get(j));
            }
        }
        
        ee.writeFile("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\1.xlsx");

        ee.dispose();
        
        log.debug("Export success.");*/
        List<ExcelModelTest> list=new ArrayList<>();
        String fileName="C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\exportTest.xlsx";
        ExportExcel ee=new ExportExcel("题库管理数据", ExcelModelTest.class, 2).setDataList(list);
        ee.writeFile(fileName);
        ee.dispose();
        
    }

}

结果示例：

5.导入类

package com.util;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import com.model.ExcelModelTest;
import com.common.util.Reflections;
import com.common.util.annotation.ExcelField;


/**
 * 导入Excel文件（支持“XLS”和“XLSX”格式）
 * @author 
 * @version
 */
public class ImportExcel {
    
    private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ImportExcel.class);
            
    /**
     * 工作薄对象
     */
    private Workbook wb;
    
    /**
     * 工作表对象
     */
    private Sheet sheet;
    
    /**
     * 标题行号
     */
    private int headerNum;
    
    /**
     * 构造函数
     * @param path 导入文件，读取第一个工作表
     * @param headerNum 标题行号，数据行号=标题行号+1
     * @throws InvalidFormatException 
     * @throws IOException 
     */
    public ImportExcel(String fileName, int headerNum) 
            throws InvalidFormatException, IOException {
        this(new File(fileName), headerNum);
    }
    
    /**
     * 构造函数
     * @param path 导入文件对象，读取第一个工作表
     * @param headerNum 标题行号，数据行号=标题行号+1
     * @throws InvalidFormatException 
     * @throws IOException 
     */
    public ImportExcel(File file, int headerNum) 
            throws InvalidFormatException, IOException {
        this(file, headerNum, 0);
    }

    /**
     * 构造函数
     * @param path 导入文件
     * @param headerNum 标题行号，数据行号=标题行号+1
     * @param sheetIndex 工作表编号
     * @throws InvalidFormatException 
     * @throws IOException 
     */
    public ImportExcel(String fileName, int headerNum, int sheetIndex) 
            throws InvalidFormatException, IOException {
        this(new File(fileName), headerNum, sheetIndex);
    }
    
    /**
     * 构造函数
     * @param path 导入文件对象
     * @param headerNum 标题行号，数据行号=标题行号+1
     * @param sheetIndex 工作表编号
     * @throws InvalidFormatException 
     * @throws IOException 
     */
    public ImportExcel(File file, int headerNum, int sheetIndex) 
            throws InvalidFormatException, IOException {
        this(file.getName(), new FileInputStream(file), headerNum, sheetIndex);
    }
    
    /**
     * 构造函数
     * @param file 导入文件对象
     * @param headerNum 标题行号，数据行号=标题行号+1
     * @param sheetIndex 工作表编号
     * @throws InvalidFormatException 
     * @throws IOException 
     */
    public ImportExcel(MultipartFile multipartFile, int headerNum, int sheetIndex) 
            throws InvalidFormatException, IOException {
        this(multipartFile.getOriginalFilename(), multipartFile.getInputStream(), headerNum, sheetIndex);
    }

    /**
     * 构造函数
     * @param path 导入文件对象
     * @param headerNum 标题行号，数据行号=标题行号+1
     * @param sheetIndex 工作表编号
     * @throws InvalidFormatException 
     * @throws IOException 
     */
    public ImportExcel(String fileName, InputStream is, int headerNum, int sheetIndex) 
            throws InvalidFormatException, IOException {
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(fileName)){
            throw new RuntimeException("导入文档为空!");
        }else if(fileName.toLowerCase().endsWith("xls")){    
            this.wb = new HSSFWorkbook(is);    
        }else if(fileName.toLowerCase().endsWith("xlsx")){  
            this.wb = new XSSFWorkbook(is);
        }else{  
            throw new RuntimeException("文档格式不正确!");
        }  
        if (this.wb.getNumberOfSheets()<sheetIndex){
            throw new RuntimeException("文档中没有工作表!");
        }
        this.sheet = this.wb.getSheetAt(sheetIndex);
        this.headerNum = headerNum;
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取行对象
     * @param rownum
     * @return
     */
    public Row getRow(int rownum){
        return this.sheet.getRow(rownum);
    }

    /**
     * 获取数据行号
     * @return
     */
    public int getDataRowNum(){
        return headerNum+1;
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取最后一个数据行号
     * @return
     */
    public int getLastDataRowNum(){
        return this.sheet.getLastRowNum()+headerNum;
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取最后一个列号
     * @return
     */
    public int getLastCellNum(){
        return this.getRow(headerNum).getLastCellNum();
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取单元格值
     * @param row 获取的行
     * @param column 获取单元格列号
     * @return 单元格值
     */
    public Object getCellValue(Row row, int column) {
        Object val = "";
        try {
            Cell cell = row.getCell(column);
            if (cell != null) {
                if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
                    // val = cell.getNumericCellValue();
                    // 当excel 中的数据为数值或日期是需要特殊处理
                    if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
                        double d = cell.getNumericCellValue();
                        Date date = HSSFDateUtil.getJavaDate(d);
                        SimpleDateFormat dformat = new SimpleDateFormat(
                                "yyyy-MM-dd");
                        val = dformat.format(date);
                    } else {
                        NumberFormat nf = NumberFormat.getInstance();
                        nf.setGroupingUsed(false);// true时的格式：1,234,567,890
                        val = nf.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());// 数值类型的数据为double，所以需要转换一下
                    }
                } else if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING) {
                    val = cell.getStringCellValue();
                } else if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA) {
                    val = cell.getCellFormula();
                } else if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
                    val = cell.getBooleanCellValue();
                } else if (cell.getCellType() == Cell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR) {
                    val = cell.getErrorCellValue();
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return val;
        }
        return val;
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取导入数据列表
     * @param cls 导入对象类型
     * @param groups 导入分组
     */
    public <E> List<E> getDataList(Class<E> cls, int... groups) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException{
        List<Object[]> annotationList = Lists.newArrayList();
        // Get annotation field 
        Field[] fs = cls.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field f : fs){
            ExcelField ef = f.getAnnotation(ExcelField.class);
            if (ef != null && (ef.type()==0 || ef.type()==2)){
                if (groups!=null && groups.length>0){
                    boolean inGroup = false;
                    for (int g : groups){
                        if (inGroup){
                            break;
                        }
                        for (int efg : ef.groups()){
                            if (g == efg){
                                inGroup = true;
                                annotationList.add(new Object[]{ef, f});
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }else{
                    annotationList.add(new Object[]{ef, f});
                }
            }
        }
        // Get annotation method
        Method[] ms = cls.getDeclaredMethods();
        for (Method m : ms){
            ExcelField ef = m.getAnnotation(ExcelField.class);
            if (ef != null && (ef.type()==0 || ef.type()==2)){
                if (groups!=null && groups.length>0){
                    boolean inGroup = false;
                    for (int g : groups){
                        if (inGroup){
                            break;
                        }
                        for (int efg : ef.groups()){
                            if (g == efg){
                                inGroup = true;
                                annotationList.add(new Object[]{ef, m});
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }else{
                    annotationList.add(new Object[]{ef, m});
                }
            }
        }
        // Field sorting
        Collections.sort(annotationList, new Comparator<Object[]>() {
            public int compare(Object[] o1, Object[] o2) {
                return new Integer(((ExcelField)o1[0]).sort()).compareTo(
                        new Integer(((ExcelField)o2[0]).sort()));
            };
        });
        //log.debug("Import column count:"+annotationList.size());
        // Get excel data
        List<E> dataList = Lists.newArrayList();
        for (int i = this.getDataRowNum(); i < this.getLastDataRowNum(); i++) {
            E e = (E)cls.newInstance();
            int column = 0;
            Row row = this.getRow(i);
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (Object[] os : annotationList){
                Object val = this.getCellValue(row, column++);
                if (val != null){
                    ExcelField ef = (ExcelField)os[0];
                    Class<?> valType = Class.class;
                    if (os[1] instanceof Field){
                        valType = ((Field)os[1]).getType();
                    }else if (os[1] instanceof Method){
                        Method method = ((Method)os[1]);
                        if ("get".equals(method.getName().substring(0, 3))){
                            valType = method.getReturnType();
                        }else if("set".equals(method.getName().substring(0, 3))){
                            valType = ((Method)os[1]).getParameterTypes()[0];
                        }
                    }
                    //log.debug("Import value type: ["+i+","+column+"] " + valType);
                    try {
                        //如果导入的java对象，需要在这里自己进行变换。
                        if (valType == String.class){
                            String s = String.valueOf(val.toString());
                            if(StringUtils.endsWith(s, ".0")){
                                val = StringUtils.substringBefore(s, ".0");
                            }else{
                                val = String.valueOf(val.toString());
                            }
                        }else if (valType == Integer.class){
                            val = Double.valueOf(val.toString()).intValue();
                        }else if (valType == Long.class){
                            val = Double.valueOf(val.toString()).longValue();
                        }else if (valType == Double.class){
                            val = Double.valueOf(val.toString());
                        }else if (valType == Float.class){
                            val = Float.valueOf(val.toString());
                        }else if (valType == Date.class){
                            SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
                            val=sdf.parse(val.toString()); 
                        }else{
                            if (ef.fieldType() != Class.class){
                                val = ef.fieldType().getMethod("getValue", String.class).invoke(null, val.toString());
                            }else{
                                val = Class.forName(this.getClass().getName().replaceAll(this.getClass().getSimpleName(), 
                                        "fieldtype."+valType.getSimpleName()+"Type")).getMethod("getValue", String.class).invoke(null, val.toString());
                            }
                        }
                    } catch (Exception ex) {
                        log.info("Get cell value ["+i+","+column+"] error: " + ex.toString());
                        val = null;
                    }
                    // set entity value
                    if (os[1] instanceof Field){
                        Reflections.invokeSetter(e, ((Field)os[1]).getName(), val);
                    }else if (os[1] instanceof Method){
                        String mthodName = ((Method)os[1]).getName();
                        if ("get".equals(mthodName.substring(0, 3))){
                            mthodName = "set"+StringUtils.substringAfter(mthodName, "get");
                        }
                        Reflections.invokeMethod(e, mthodName, new Class[] {valType}, new Object[] {val});
                    }
                }
                sb.append(val+", ");
            }
            dataList.add(e);
            log.debug("Read success: ["+i+"] "+sb.toString());
        }
        return dataList;
    }

    /**
     * 导入测试
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
        
        ImportExcel ei = new ImportExcel("C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\exportTest.xlsx",1,0);
        List<ExcelModelTest> list = ei.getDataList(ExcelModelTest.class);    
        for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++) {
            ExcelModelTest excelModelTest=list.get(i);
            System.out.println(excelModelTest.toString());
        }
    }

}

执行结果：

ExcelModelTest [firstField=a, secondField=b, thirdField=c]
ExcelModelTest [firstField=1, secondField=2, thirdField=3]