python的格式化输出

在python2中是raw_input，效果和python3的input一样

#python中input默认所有的输入都认为是字符串

 

一：字符串拼接

name = input("name:")
age = input("age:")
info = '''
------------ info of ''' + name + ''' -----------
name: ''' + name + '''
age: ''' + age + '''
job: ''' + job + '''
'''

print(info)           #用三个引号引起中间的name或age等是变量，不用的话会认为是字符串

 

二：占位符

%s:键入的值为字符串

%d:键入的值为数字

%f:浮点，小数

%s

name = input("name:")
age = input("age:")
job = input("job:")
info = '''
------------ info of %s -----------
name:%s
age:%s
job:%s
''' % (name,name,age,job)
 
print(info)
运行结果：
name:yxd
age:21
job:IT

------------ info of yxd -----------

name:yxd

age:21

job:IT              #依次排列，类似shell的传参

 

%d

name = input("name:")
age = input("age:")
print(type(age))            #显示变量的字符串类型，发现是str
job = input("job:")
info = '''
------------ info of %s -----------
name:%s
age:%d   
job:%s
''' % (name,name,age,job)
print(info)
 
运行结果：
name:yxd
age:23
<class 'str'>
job:IT
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:/py项目/day01/hello world.py", line 9, in <module>
    ''' % (name,name,age,job)
TypeError: %d format: a number is required, not str  
 
#python中input默认所有的输入都认为是字符串,定义的不一样，例如
age = 21    #这个时候变量是数字形式
            #而处理的方法是，int()以数字形式输入
 
name = input("name:")
age = int(input("age:"))
job = input("job:")
info = '''
------------ info of %s -----------
name:%s
age:%s
job:%s
''' % (name,name,age,job)
 
print(info)

三：{}

{字符} 

 #推荐使用

name = input("name:")
age = input("age:")
job = input("job:")
 
info2 = '''
------------ info of {NAME} --------------
name:{NAME}
age:{AGE}
job:{JOB}
'''.format(NAME = name,
          AGE = age,
          JOB = job)
print(info2)            #在'''中定义一个新名，在最后将变量赋值给这个名称，即可用变量的值

{数字}

name = input("name:")
age = input("age:")
job = input("job:")
 
info2 = '''
------------ info of {0} --------------
name:{0}
age:{1}
job:{2}
'''.format(name,age,job)
print(info2)