SpringBoot—单元测试模板(controller层和service层)

介绍

概述

  在开发过程中,我们经常会一股脑的写各种业务逻辑,经常等全部大功告成的时候,打个jar包放环境里跑跑看看能不能通,殊不知在各个业务方法中已经漏洞百出,修复一个打一个包,再继续修复,这种效率真的太低下。
  所以我们需要借助一些单元测试来将我们写的代码做一些测试,这样保证局部方法正确,最后再打包整体运行将整个流程再串起来就能提高开发试错效率。当然,我们除了单元测试,我们还可以通过main()方法在每个类中进行测试,文中会一带而过。

常用注解

  • @RunWith(SpringRunner.class):测试运行器,作用类
  • @SpringBootTest:SpringBoot测试类,作用类
  • @Test:测试方法,作用方法
  • @Ignore:忽略测试方法,作用方法
  • @BeforeClass:针对所有测试,只执行一次,且必须为static void
  • @Before:初始化方法,执行当前测试类的每个测试方法前执行
  • @After:释放资源,执行当前测试类的每个测试方法后执行
  • @AfterClass:针对所有测试,只执行一次,且必须为static void

模板

依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
	<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

spring-boot-starter-test 内部包含了junit功能。

controller层单元测试模板

controller层示例

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
 * @author Andya
 * @create 2020-04-22 22:41
 */

@RestController
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String hello() {
        return "hello";
    }
}

controller层单元测试类

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

/**
 * @author Andya
 * @create 2020-06-02 13:59
 */
public class HelloControllerTest {

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception{
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new HelloController()).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void getHello() throws Exception{
        mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/hello").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
                .andReturn();
    }

}

service层单元测试模板

service层示例

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author Andya
 * @create 2020-06-01 9:30
 */
@Service
public class TwoSum {

    public static int[] twoSum1(int[] nums, int target) {

        Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap();
        for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++){
            map.put(nums[i], i);
        }
        System.out.println(map);
        for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
            int result = target - nums[i];
            if(map.containsKey(result) && map.get(result) != i) {
                return new int[] {i,map.get(result)};
            }
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("No two sum solution");
    }

    public static int[] twoSum(int[] nums, int target) {

        for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++){
            for(int j = i+1; j < nums.length;j++) {
                if (nums[i] + nums[j] == target) {
                    return new int[]{i, j};
                }
            }
        }
        return null;

    }

    public static int[] twoSum2(int[] nums, int target){
        Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
            //计算结果
            int result = target - nums[i];
            //map中是否包含这个结果,若包含则返回该结果,及对应的目前数组的index
            if (map.containsKey(result)) {
                //map是后添加元素的,所以map索引在前,i在后
                return new int[]{map.get(result), i};
            }
            map.put(nums[i], i);
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("no two sum solution");
    }
}

service层单元测试类

import com.example.andya.demo.service.algorithm.TwoSum;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

/**
 * @author Andya
 * @create 2020-06-02 14:36
 */
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class TwoSumTest {
    @Autowired
    TwoSum twoSum;

    @Test
    public void testSum1(){
        int[]  nums = new int[] {1,1,3};
        int[] newNums = twoSum.twoSum1(nums,2);
        System.out.println(newNums[0] + ":" +newNums[1]);
    }

    @Test
    @Ignore
    public void testSum2() {
        int[]  nums = new int[] {2,2,4};
        int[] newNums = twoSum.twoSum2(nums,4);
        System.out.println(newNums[0] + ":" +newNums[1]);
    }
    
}
posted @ 2020-06-02 19:17  Andya_net  阅读(3699)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报