MFC实现原理
通过VC++ 新建一个MFC单文档应用程序,其工程名为mfcproject.新建后通过类视图可以看到一共有5个类:
CAboutDlg:对话框类,如关于对话框
CMainFrame:应用程序框架类,包括工具栏菜单等
CMfcprojectApp:应用程序类
CMfcprojectDoc:文档类
CMfcprojectView:也是和文档有关的视图类
1、mfcproject.cpp文件中定义了全局类 CMfcprojectApp theApp;在这个地方设置断点,调试运行可以发现整个程序首先执行到这个地方。
2、全局变量定义后将会调用CMfcprojectApp 类的构造函数
3、从mfcproject.h中可以发现 CMfcprojectApp继承自CWinApp类(在APPCORE.cpp中),根据继承性原理,程序将会首先调用CWinApp类的构造函数,如果细心地话会发现CWinApp的构造函数有参数,但CMfcprojectApp类构造函数并没有带参数,这是怎么回事呢?再仔细看下CWinApp类的构造函数:CWinApp(LPCTSTR lpszAppName = NULL); 看见了没这里的参数是默认值,这也就是为什么CMfcprojectApp构造函数没有带参数的缘故了
4、定义好全局变量以后,就要找主函数入口了,MFC程序的主函数入口为:
extern "C" int WINAPI
_tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
    LPTSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
    // call shared/exported WinMain
    return AfxWinMain(hInstance, hPrevInstance, lpCmdLine, nCmdShow);
}
该函数在APPMODUL.cpp中,从这个函数可以看出真正的入口函数应该为AfxWinMain(Winmain.cpp中)
int
 AFXAPI AfxWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
    LPTSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
    ASSERT(hPrevInstance == NULL);
    int nReturnCode = -1;
    CWinThread* pThread = AfxGetThread();
    CWinApp* pApp = AfxGetApp(); //获取子类
    // AFX internal initialization
    if (!AfxWinInit(hInstance, hPrevInstance, lpCmdLine, nCmdShow))
        goto InitFailure;
    // App global initializations (rare)
    if (pApp != NULL && !pApp->InitApplication())
        goto InitFailure;
    // Perform specific initializations
    if (!pThread->InitInstance()) //初始化注册窗口
    {
        if (pThread->m_pMainWnd != NULL)
        {
            TRACE0("Warning: Destroying non-NULL m_pMainWnd\n");
            pThread->m_pMainWnd->DestroyWindow();
        }
        nReturnCode = pThread->ExitInstance();
        goto InitFailure;
    }
    nReturnCode = pThread->Run(); 
关键的语句是line8获取子类实例,line19初始化子类,完成窗口注册,line20可以在这些行上设置断点
5、 由于pThred当前指向子类,InitInstance函数是虚函数,因此 pThread->InitInstance()将调用子类的CMfcprojectApp::InitInstance()
InitFailure:
#ifdef _DEBUG
// Check for missing AfxLockTempMap calls
if (AfxGetModuleThreadState()->m_nTempMapLock != 0)
{
TRACE1("Warning: Temp map lock count non-zero (%ld).\n",
AfxGetModuleThreadState()->m_nTempMapLock);
}
AfxLockTempMaps();
AfxUnlockTempMaps(-1);
#endif
AfxWinTerm();
return nReturnCode;
}
BOOL CMfcprojectApp::InitInstance()
 {
   AfxEnableControlContainer();
   // Standard initialization
   // If you are not using these features and wish to reduce the size
   //  of your final executable, you should remove from the following
   //  the specific initialization routines you do not need.
#ifdef _AFXDLL
   Enable3dControls();            // Call this when using MFC in a shared DLL
#else
   Enable3dControlsStatic();    // Call this when linking to MFC statically
#endif
   // Change the registry key under which our settings are stored.
   // TODO: You should modify this string to be something appropriate
   // such as the name of your company or organization.
   SetRegistryKey(_T("Local AppWizard-Generated Applications"));
   LoadStdProfileSettings();  // Load standard INI file options (including MRU)
   // Register the application's document templates.  Document templates
   //  serve as the connection between documents, frame windows and views.
   CSingleDocTemplate* pDocTemplate;
   pDocTemplate = new CSingleDocTemplate(
       IDR_MAINFRAME,
       RUNTIME_CLASS(CMfcprojectDoc),
       RUNTIME_CLASS(CMainFrame),       // main SDI frame window
       RUNTIME_CLASS(CMfcprojectView));
   AddDocTemplate(pDocTemplate);//新建一个单文档的模板,并将 doc,view,frame类添加到该模板中。
   // Parse command line for standard shell commands, DDE, file open
   CCommandLineInfo cmdInfo;
   ParseCommandLine(cmdInfo);
   // Dispatch commands specified on the command line
   if (!ProcessShellCommand(cmdInfo))//窗口的注册(不太确定)
       return FALSE;
   // The one and only window has been initialized, so show and update it.
   m_pMainWnd->ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);//显示窗口
   m_pMainWnd->UpdateWindow();//更新窗口 
   return TRUE;
 }
上述代码中红色部分是比较重要的地方,可以在这些地方设置断点。
6、窗口注册会调用函数BOOL AFXAPI AfxEndDeferRegisterClass(LONG fToRegister)在文件WINCORE.CPP中
7、紧接着调用BOOL CMainFrame::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs),创建窗口
BOOL CMainFrame::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs)
{
   if( !CFrameWnd::PreCreateWindow(cs) )
       return FALSE;
   // TODO: Modify the Window class or styles here by modifying
   //  the CREATESTRUCT cs
   //此处修改cs,实现用户自定义窗口
   return TRUE;
}
8、接下来调用line3父类的precreatewindow函数
9、由于窗口包括frame框架类,因此需要调用cfrmwnd的create函数(WINFRM.cpp中),这个函数又会调用Cfrmwnd的父类CWnd::CreateEx函数
10、注册完窗口后就会执行消息响应,消息响应是通过 AfxWinMain中nReturnCode = pThread->Run()实现的
11、用一个dowhile循环实现消息循环 PumpMessage()
大概的MFC实现就写到这,可能有很多不对的地方,等熟悉以后再来更新!
                    
                
                
            
        
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