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2月11
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.net framework框架的设计
第1章： .NET Framework2.0简介
第 2 章：公共语言运行库和类型
第 3 章：托管代码的编译和执行
第 4 章：委托和事件
第 5 章：读取和写入文件
第 6 章：集合和泛型
第 7 章：数据的序列化
第 8 章：GDI+
第 9章：在Microsoft? .NET Framework 2.0中实现加密
第10章： COM 组件与.NET Framework程序集之间的交互操作
第 11章：使用类型元数据
第 12章：创建多线程应用程序和应用程序域
第 13章：代码访问安全性
第14 章：监视和调试应用程序
第 15 章：使用服务应用程序和电子邮件消息
第 16 章：创建全球化应用程序
第 17 章：配置和安装程序集
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托管代码：需要二次编译启动会很慢，但是CLR中的GC有垃圾回收机制。
非托管：
范型：命名空间System.Collections.Generic和System.Collections.ObjectMode
using System.Collections.ArrayList 是非范型，编译时正常，运行时出错
集合类的命名空间：using System.Collections
范型的命名空间：System.Collections.Generic
二维：HashTable
*范型类：看资料
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
CommonData<String> name = new CommonData<String>();
name.Value = ".NET Framework";
CommonData<float> version = new CommonData<float>();
version.Value = 2.0F;
Console.WriteLine(name.Value);
Console.WriteLine(version.Value);
Console.ReadLine();
}
public class CommonData<T>
{
private T _data;
public T Value
{
get
{
return this._data;
}
set
{
this._data = value;
}
}
}
*委托范型的定义
-------------------------------
1 弱类型：编译的时候没有进行类型检查
2 C# 托管代码的编译---〉msil---〉本机代码
3 元数据：反射，远程通讯，类的关系图等中使用，对类的描述，方法的描述，属性的描述，相当于一个提纲概要。QQ具体的实现在服务器端
客户端正是因为有元数据的存在，才得以解释QQ中的程序。
4 视图--〉对象浏览器
5 程序集清单信息可以修改
--------------------------------
Chapter 4 事件和委托
委托：
·使用范围: 跨线程通信，跨网络通信（分部式网络），跨应用程序的通讯，
·类似于C++ 中的指针
委托与C++中的指针的异同：委托是完全基于类型安全的机制，但是指针不安全；
指针有值类型和引用类型，但是委托只有方法指针。
委托就是调用方法的方法----〉指针
1，声明委托 public delegate string test1();可放在类的内部，也可以放在类的外部
要求签名一致
public delegate string CommonOperate(int n1, int n2);
public static string Abtract(int a1, int a2)
2，实例化委托对象（绑定）
3，调用委托
//声明委托
public delegate string CommonOperate(int n1, int n2);
class Program
{
//public delegate string test2();
static void Main(string[] args)
{
CommonOperate co = new CommonOperate(Operation.Abtract);
Console.WriteLine(co(10, 5));
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
//具体实现的对象
public class Operation
{
public static string Abtract(int a1, int a2)
{
return (a1 - a2).ToString();
}
}
---------------------------
事件也是代理的一种
event CommonOperate<T1, T2> CommonOperated;
*****************************
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace DelegateTest
{
public delegate void OperateMessage(string message);
// public event SendData ShowMessage;
public interface CommonOperate
{
event OperateMessage OperateMessaged;
}
}
-------------
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace DelegateTest
{
public partial class SecondForm : Form,CommonOperate
{
public SecondForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
// public delegate void SendData(string message);
//public event SendData ShowMessage;
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (OperateMessaged != null)
{
OperateMessaged(this.textBox1.Text);
}
}
#region CommonOperate 成员
public event OperateMessage OperateMessaged;
#endregion
}
}
-------------
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace DelegateTest
{
public partial class FirstForm : Form
{
public FirstForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
SecondForm sf = new SecondForm();
sf.OperateMessaged += new OperateMessage(sf_ShowMessage);
sf.Show();
}
void sf_ShowMessage(string message)
{
this.label1.Text = message;
}
}
}
*****************************
管理文件系统：
Path、File、FileInfo、Directory、DirectoryInfo、DriveInfo 和 FileSystemWatcher
using : 命名空间；创建using语句
try{
using(StreamReader sr=new StreamReader("TestFile.txt"))
{
String line;
while((line=sr.ReadLine()!=null))
{
Console.WriteLine(line);
}
}
}catch{}
using 相当于一个方法，这个方法可以自动的关闭资源。
*****************************
示例代码5章要看
StringBuilder类似于java中的StringBuffer
连接字符串的时候可以提高，减少垃圾。
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
class Program
{
public static void GZipStreamDemo()
{
try
{
FileStream myFileStream;
GZipStream gZippedStream;
System.IO.FileInfo myFile;
string originalXMLFileName = "UserData.xml";
string compressedXMLFileName = "UserData.gz";
string decompressedXMLFileName = "UnzippedUserData.xml";
System.Data.DataSet dsTest = new System.Data.DataSet();
myFile = new FileInfo(originalXMLFileName);
Console.WriteLine("The original data file, {0} contains {1} bytes.", myFile.Name, myFile.Length.ToString());
dsTest.ReadXml(originalXMLFileName);
myFileStream = new FileStream(compressedXMLFileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write);
gZippedStream = new GZipStream(myFileStream, CompressionMode.Compress);
dsTest.WriteXml(gZippedStream);
gZippedStream.Close();
myFile = new FileInfo(compressedXMLFileName);
Console.WriteLine("The file has been compressed to {0} bytes and is stored in {1}.", myFile.Length.ToString
(), myFile.Name);
//decompress the file
myFileStream = new FileStream(compressedXMLFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
gZippedStream = new GZipStream(myFileStream, CompressionMode.Decompress);
dsTest = new DataSet();
dsTest.ReadXml(gZippedStream);
dsTest.WriteXml(decompressedXMLFileName);
myFile = new FileInfo(decompressedXMLFileName);
Console.WriteLine("The file has been uncompressed and is now {0} bytes and is stored in {1}.",
myFile.Length.ToString(), myFile.Name);
}
catch (Exception xcp)
{
Console.WriteLine(xcp.ToString());
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
GZipStreamDemo();
}
}
}
返回目录
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使用独立存储类保护流信息
// Visual C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.IO.IsolatedStorage;
namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
class Program
{
public static void IsolatedStorageFileDemo()
{
string isolatedFileName = "DemoIsolatedFile.txt";
IsolatedStorageFile isoStore;
IsolatedStorageFileStream isoStream;
StreamWriter myWriter;
StreamReader myReader;
string lineFromIsolatedFile;
isoStore = IsolatedStorageFile.GetUserStoreForAssembly();
isoStream = new IsolatedStorageFileStream(isolatedFileName,
FileMode.Create, isoStore);
myWriter = new StreamWriter(isoStream);
myWriter.WriteLine("Writing to isolated storage files is easy!");
myWriter.WriteLine("It is also secure and stable.");
myWriter.Close();
isoStream = new IsolatedStorageFileStream(isolatedFileName,
FileMode.Open, isoStore);
myReader = new StreamReader(isoStream);
while ((lineFromIsolatedFile = myReader.ReadLine()) != null)
{
Console.WriteLine(lineFromIsolatedFile);
}
myReader.Close();
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
IsolatedStorageFileDemo();
}
}
}
返回目录
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管理字符串
// Visual C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.IO.IsolatedStorage;
namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
class Program
{
private static void StreamReaderWriterDemo()
{
StreamReader myReader;
StreamWriter myWriter;
string fileToRead = "ReadingAndWritingTextFiles.txt";
string fileToWrite = "NewTextFile.txt";
string lineInput;
string codeNumber;
int position = 0;
char[] firstCharacters = new char[2];
try
{
myReader = new StreamReader(fileToRead);
myWriter = new StreamWriter(fileToWrite);
position = myReader.Read(firstCharacters, 0, 2);
codeNumber = firstCharacters[0].ToString() + firstCharacters[1].ToString();
if (codeNumber == "23" || codeNumber == "56")
{
Console.WriteLine("The code for this file is {0}", codeNumber);
while ((lineInput = myReader.ReadLine()) != null)
{
Console.WriteLine(lineInput);
myWriter.WriteLine(lineInput);
}
myWriter.WriteLine();
myWriter.WriteLine("This data was modified at " + DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString());
myReader.Close();
myWriter.Close();
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("This program only processes text files that begin with 23 or 56.");
Console.WriteLine("Goodbye");
return;
}
}//End try
catch (Exception xcp)
{
Console.WriteLine("There was an error reading the file.");
Console.WriteLine(xcp.ToString());
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
StreamReaderWriterDemo();
}
}
}
返回目录
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使用BinaryReader和BinaryWriter管理二进制数据
// Visual C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Compression;
using System.IO.IsolatedStorage;
namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
class Program
{
private static void BinaryReaderWriterDemo()
{
const string FileName = "SampleDates.data";
FileStream myStream;
BinaryWriter myWriter;
BinaryReader myReader;
DateTime theDate;
Int64 dateInTicks;
myStream = new FileStream(FileName, FileMode.Create);
myWriter = new BinaryWriter(myStream);
theDate = DateTime.Now;
do
{
myWriter.Write(theDate.ToUniversalTime().Ticks);
theDate = theDate.AddDays(1);
} while (theDate < DateTime.Now.AddDays(7));
myWriter.Close();
myStream.Close();
myStream = new FileStream(FileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
myReader = new BinaryReader(myStream);
for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)
{
dateInTicks = (myReader.ReadInt64());
theDate = new DateTime(dateInTicks);
Console.WriteLine("{0} ticks is {1}", dateInTicks, theDate.ToLongTimeString());
Console.WriteLine(theDate.ToLongDateString());
}
myReader.Close();
myStream.Close();
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
BinaryReaderWriterDemo();
}
}
}
返回目录
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使用StringBuilder类高效操作字符串
// Visual C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
class Program
{
private static void StringBuilderTest()
{
Int32 numberOfLoops = 10000;
int aproxLengthOfNewString;
StringBuilder myBuilder = new StringBuilder();
DateTime theDate;
DateTime endDate = DateTime.Now.AddDays(numberOfLoops);
string testString = "";
DateTime startTime;
TimeSpan interval;
theDate = DateTime.Now;
startTime = DateTime.Now;
aproxLengthOfNewString = 11 * numberOfLoops;
myBuilder.Capacity = aproxLengthOfNewString;
while (theDate < endDate)
{
myBuilder.AppendLine(theDate.ToShortDateString());
theDate = theDate.AddDays(1);
}
myBuilder.Replace("/", "-");
testString = myBuilder.ToString();
interval = TimeSpan.FromTicks(DateTime.Now.Ticks - startTime.Ticks);
Console.WriteLine("StringBuilder: It took {0} milliseconds to append {1} strings to create a string of {2}
characters.",
interval.TotalMilliseconds, numberOfLoops, testString.Length);
Console.WriteLine();
testString = "";
theDate = DateTime.Now;
startTime = DateTime.Now;
while (theDate < endDate)
{
testString += theDate.ToShortDateString() + "\n";
theDate = theDate.AddDays(1);
}
testString.Replace("/", "-");
interval = TimeSpan.FromTicks(DateTime.Now.Ticks - startTime.Ticks);
Console.WriteLine("String: It took {0} milliseconds to append {1} strings to create a string of {2} characters.",
interval.TotalMilliseconds, numberOfLoops, testString.Length);
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
StringBuilderTest();
}
}
}
返回目录
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MatchCollection类
// Visual C#
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
class Program
{
private static void StringBuilderTest()
{
Int32 numberOfLoops = 10000;
int aproxLengthOfNewString;
StringBuilder myBuilder = new StringBuilder();
DateTime theDate;
DateTime endDate = DateTime.Now.AddDays(numberOfLoops);
string testString = "";
DateTime startTime;
TimeSpan interval;
theDate = DateTime.Now;
startTime = DateTime.Now;
aproxLengthOfNewString = 11 * numberOfLoops;
myBuilder.Capacity = aproxLengthOfNewString;
while (theDate < endDate)
{
myBuilder.AppendLine(theDate.ToShortDateString());
theDate = theDate.AddDays(1);
}
myBuilder.Replace("/", "-");
testString = myBuilder.ToString();
interval = TimeSpan.FromTicks(DateTime.Now.Ticks - startTime.Ticks);
Console.WriteLine("StringBuilder: It took {0} milliseconds to append {1} strings to create a string of {2}
characters.",
interval.TotalMilliseconds, numberOfLoops, testString.Length);
Console.WriteLine();
testString = "";
theDate = DateTime.Now;
startTime = DateTime.Now;
while (theDate < endDate)
{
testString += theDate.ToShortDateString() + "\n";
theDate = theDate.AddDays(1);
}
testString.Replace("/", "-");
interval = TimeSpan.FromTicks(DateTime.Now.Ticks - startTime.Ticks);
Console.WriteLine("String: It took {0} milliseconds to append {1} strings to create a string of {2} characters.",
interval.TotalMilliseconds, numberOfLoops, testString.Length);
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
StringBuilderTest();
}
}
}
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