HTTP Live Streaming draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-10

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Informational                                             R. Pantos, Ed.
Internet-Draft                                                    W. May
Intended status: Informational                                Apple Inc.
Expires: April 18, 2013                                 October 15, 2012


                          

HTTP Live Streaming

draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-10

Abstract

   This document describes a protocol for transferring unbounded streams
   of multimedia data.  It specifies the data format of the files and
   the actions to be taken by the server (sender) and the clients
   (receivers) of the streams.  It describes version 5 of this protocol.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on April 18, 2013.

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   Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
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   This Informational Internet Draft is submitted as an RFC Editor



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   Contribution and/or non-IETF Document (not as a Contribution, IETF
   Contribution, nor IETF Document) in accordance with BCP 78 and BCP
   79.


Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   2.  Summary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  The Playlist file  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     3.1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     3.2.  Attribute Lists  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.3.  Standard Tags  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
       3.3.1.  EXTM3U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
       3.3.2.  EXTINF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.4.  New Tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
       3.4.1.  EXT-X-BYTERANGE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
       3.4.2.  EXT-X-TARGETDURATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
       3.4.3.  EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
       3.4.4.  EXT-X-KEY  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
       3.4.5.  EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       3.4.6.  EXT-X-ALLOW-CACHE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       3.4.7.  EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       3.4.8.  EXT-X-ENDLIST  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
       3.4.9.  EXT-X-MEDIA  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
         3.4.9.1.  Rendition Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
       3.4.10. EXT-X-STREAM-INF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
         3.4.10.1. Alternative Renditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
       3.4.11. EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
       3.4.12. EXT-X-I-FRAMES-ONLY  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
       3.4.13. EXT-X-MAP  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
       3.4.14. EXT-X-I-FRAME-STREAM-INF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
       3.4.15. EXT-X-VERSION  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
   4.  Media segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
   5.  Key files  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
     5.1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
     5.2.  IV for [AES_128] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
   6.  Client/Server Actions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
     6.1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
     6.2.  Server Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
       6.2.1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
       6.2.2.  Sliding Window Playlists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
       6.2.3.  Encrypting media segments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
       6.2.4.  Providing variant streams  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
     6.3.  Client Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
       6.3.1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
       6.3.2.  Loading the Playlist file  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25



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       6.3.3.  Playing the Playlist file  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
       6.3.4.  Reloading the Playlist file  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
       6.3.5.  Determining the next segment to load . . . . . . . . . 27
       6.3.6.  Decrypting encrypted media segments  . . . . . . . . . 28
   7.  Protocol version compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
   8.  Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
     8.1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
     8.2.  Simple Playlist file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
     8.3.  Sliding Window Playlist, using HTTPS . . . . . . . . . . . 30
     8.4.  Playlist file with encrypted media segments  . . . . . . . 30
     8.5.  Variant Playlist file  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
     8.6.  Variant Playlist with I-Frames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
     8.7.  Variant Playlist with Alternative audio  . . . . . . . . . 31
     8.8.  Variant Playlist with Alternative video  . . . . . . . . . 31
   9.  Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
   10. IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
   11. Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
   12. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
     12.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
     12.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

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1. Introduction

   This document describes a protocol for transferring unbounded streams
   of multimedia data.  The protocol supports the encryption of media
   data and the provision of alternate versions (e.g. bitrates) of a
   stream.  Media data can be transferred soon after it is created,
   allowing it to be played in near real-time.  Data is usually carried
   over HTTP [RFC2616].

   External references that describe related standards such as HTTP are
   listed in Section 11.

2. Summary

A multimedia presentation is specified by a URI [RFC3986] to a
   Playlist file, which is an ordered list of media URIs and
   informational tags.  The URIs and their associated tags specify a
   series of media segments.

   To play the stream, the client first obtains the Playlist file and
   then obtains and plays each media segment in the Playlist.  It
   reloads the Playlist file as described in this document to discover
   additional segments.

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

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